cho a,b,c dương thoả mãn a+b+c < hoặc =1
chứng minh
1/a2+2ab +1/b2+2ac +1/c2+2ab > hoặc =9
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Sửa đề: 1+a^2;1+b^2;1+c^2
\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{1+a^2}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+c+ac}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{a+b}\cdot\dfrac{a}{a+c}}< =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{1+b^2}}< =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+a}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{1+c^2}}< =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\right)\)
=>\(A< =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a+b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{c+a}{c+a}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(VT\ge\frac{9}{a^2+2bc+b^2+2ac+c^2+2ab}=\frac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge\frac{9}{1}=9\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Vì a,b,c là 3 cạnh tam giác nên \(a+b>c\Leftrightarrow ac+bc>c^2\)
CMTT: \(ab+bc>b^2;ab+ac>a^2\)
Cộng vế theo vế \(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2< ab+bc+ca+ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2< 2ab+2bc+2ca\\ \Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca< 0\)
Ta có: \(a\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)+b\left(a^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)+c\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\)
\(=a\left(b^2c^2-b^2-c^2+1\right)+b\left(a^2c^2-a^2-c^2+1\right)\)
\(+c\left(a^2b^2-a^2-b^2+1\right)\)
\(=ab^2c^2-ab^2-ac^2+a+ba^2c^2-a^2b-bc^2+b\)
\(+ca^2b^2-a^2c-b^2c+c\)
\(=\left(ab^2c^2+ba^2c^2+ca^2b^2\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(-\left(ab^2+ac^2+a^2b+bc^2+a^2c+b^2c\right)\)
\(=abc\left(bc+ac+ab\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)\)\(-\left[ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+ca\left(c+a\right)\right]\)
\(=abc\left(bc+ac+ab\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)+3abc\)\(-\left[ab\left(a+b+c\right)+bc\left(a+b+c\right)+ca\left(a+b+c\right)\right]\)
\(=abc\left(bc+ac+ab\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)+3abc\)\(-\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(=abc\left(bc+ac+ab\right)+abc+3abc\)\(-abc\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=4abc\)
Vậy \(a\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)+b\left(a^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)+c\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)=4abc\)(đpcm)
Áp dụng BĐT Svac - xơ:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+2ab}+\frac{1}{b^2+2ac}+\frac{1}{c^2+2ab}\)\(=\frac{1^2}{a^2+2ab}+\frac{1^2}{b^2+2ac}+\frac{1^2}{c^2+2ab}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\frac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge9\)(Vì \(a+b+c\le1\))
(Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\))