cho a,b,c>0 và abc=1. Tìm GTLN của
\(B=\frac{1}{ab+a+2}+\frac{1}{bc+b+2}+\frac{1}{ac+c+2}\)
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gt <=> \(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=1\)
Đặt: \(\frac{1}{a}=x;\frac{1}{b}=y;\frac{1}{c}=z\)
=> Thay vào thì \(VT=\frac{\frac{1}{xy}}{\frac{1}{z}\left(1+\frac{1}{xy}\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{yz}{\frac{1}{x}\left(1+\frac{1}{yz}\right)}}+\frac{1}{\frac{zx}{\frac{1}{y}\left(1+\frac{1}{zx}\right)}}\)
\(VT=\frac{z}{xy+1}+\frac{x}{yz+1}+\frac{y}{zx+1}=\frac{x^2}{xyz+x}+\frac{y^2}{xyz+y}+\frac{z^2}{xyz+z}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+3xyz}\)
Có BĐT x, y, z > 0 thì \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge9xyz\)Ta thay \(xy+yz+zx=1\)vào
=> \(x+y+z\ge9xyz=>\frac{x+y+z}{3}\ge3xyz\)
=> Từ đây thì \(VT\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\frac{x+y+z}{3}}=\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3}=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\)
=> Ta có ĐPCM . "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z <=> \(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
\(P=\frac{1}{ab+a+2}+\frac{1}{bc+b+2}+\frac{1}{ca+c+2}\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{ab+a+2}=\frac{1}{ab+1+a+1}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{ab+1}+\frac{1}{a+1}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{abc}{ab+abc}+\frac{1}{a+1}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{1}{a+1}\right)\)
Tương tự ta cũng có: \(\frac{1}{bc+b+2}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}\right),\frac{1}{ca+c+2}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}\right)\)
Cộng lại vế với vế ta được:
\(P\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{a+1}{a+1}+\frac{b+1}{b+1}+\frac{c+1}{c+1}\right)=\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu \(=\)khi \(a=b=c=1\).
4/ Xét hiệu: \(P-2\left(ab+7bc+ca\right)\)
\(=5a^2+11b^2+5c^2-2\left(ab+7bc+ca\right)\)
\(=\frac{\left(5a-b-c\right)^2+6\left(3b-2c\right)^2}{5}\ge0\)
Vì vậy: \(P\ge2\left(ab+7bc+ca\right)=2.188=376\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi ...(anh giải nốt ạ)
@Cool Kid:
Bài 5: Bản chất của bài này là tìm k (nhỏ nhất hay lớn nhất gì đó, mình nhớ không rõ nhưng đại khái là chọn k) sao cho: \(5a^2+11b^2+5c^2\ge k\left(ab+7bc+ca\right)\)
Rồi đó, chuyển vế, viết lại dưới dạng tam thức bậc 2 biến a, b, c gì cũng được rồi tự làm đi:)
Ta có:
\(\frac{ab+c}{c+1}=\frac{ab+c}{\left(a+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)}\)\(\le\frac{ab+c}{4\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{ab+c}{4\left(b+c\right)}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta có:
\(\frac{bc+a}{a+1}\le\frac{bc+a}{4\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{bc+a}{4\left(a+c\right)}\left(2\right)\)
\(\frac{ac+b}{b+1}\le\frac{ac+b}{4\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{ac+b}{4\left(b+c\right)}\left(3\right)\)
Cộng theo vế của (1),(2) và (3) ta có:
\(Q\le\frac{a+b+c+3}{4}=1\)
Dấu = khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)abc=\frac{3}{4}8\Rightarrow\frac{abc}{a^2}+\frac{abc}{b^2}+\frac{abc}{c^2}=\frac{3.8}{4}\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}=6\)
B1:Cong 7heo ve cac gia 7hie7: \(x+y+z=2\left(ax+by+cz\right)\)
Ma` \(x=by+cz\Leftrightarrow x\left(a+1\right)=ax+by+cz=\frac{x+y+z}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a+1}=\frac{2x}{x+y+z}\).7uong 7u cho 2 dang 7huc con lai roi cong 7heo ve:
\(V7=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{x+y+z}=2=VP\) (DPCM)
B2: chu y \(a^5+b^5=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^4-a^3b+a^2b^2-ab^3+b^4\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^3\left(a-b\right)+a^2b^2-b^3\left(a-b\right)\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)\left(\left(a-b\right)\left(a^3-b^3\right)+a^2b^2\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)\left(\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+b^2-ab\right)+a^2b^2\right)\)
\(\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2-ab\right)\)\(\ge a^2b^2\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^5+b^5+ab\ge ab\left(ab\left(a+b\right)+abc\right)=a^2b^2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab}{a^5+b^5+ab}\le\frac{abc}{ab\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{c}{a+b+c}\)
7uong 7u cho 2 BD7 con lai roi cong 7heo ve
\(V7\le\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1=VP\)
Dau "=" khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(abc+ab+bc+ca=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abc+ab+bc+ca+a+b+c+1=a+b+c+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)=a+b+c+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(c+1\right)\left(a+1\right)}=1\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a+1};\frac{1}{b+1};\frac{1}{c+1}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx=1\)
\(P=\sum\frac{x}{x^2+1}=\sum\frac{x}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}=\frac{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}=\frac{2}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)
Mặt khác \(\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\ge\frac{8}{9}\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=\frac{8}{9}\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{9}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\le\frac{9}{4\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}}=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\)
Với ab + bc + ca = 1 thì:
\(Q=\frac{2a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}=\)\(\frac{2a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+bc+ca}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+ab+bc+ca}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+ab+bc+ca}}\)
\(=\frac{2a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{2a}{a+b}.\frac{2a}{a+c}}+\sqrt{\frac{2b}{a+b}.\frac{b}{2\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{2c}{a+c}.\frac{c}{2\left(b+c\right)}}\)
\(\le\frac{\frac{2a}{a+b}+\frac{2a}{a+c}}{2}+\frac{\frac{2b}{a+b}+\frac{b}{2\left(b+c\right)}}{2}+\frac{\frac{2c}{a+c}+\frac{c}{2\left(b+c\right)}}{2}\)(Theo BĐT Cô - si)
\(=\frac{\frac{2\left(a+b\right)}{a+b}+\frac{b+c}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{2\left(a+c\right)}{a+c}}{2}=\frac{2+\frac{1}{2}+2}{2}=\frac{9}{4}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1
\(Q=\frac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\) chứ?
Dễ CM đc: \(\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{ab+a+1}=1\) với abc=1
\(B=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{ab+a+2}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(9\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+3\right)=\frac{1}{16}\left(9.1+3\right)=\frac{3}{4}\)
"=" \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c=1\)