giải phương trình:
\(3\left(2+\sqrt{x-2}\right)=\sqrt{x+6}-3\sqrt{x-2}\)
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a) \(x^3-4x^2-5x+6=\sqrt[3]{7x^2+9x-4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-7x^2-9x+4+x^3+3x^2+4x+2=\sqrt[3]{7x^2+9x-4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(7x^2+9x-4\right)+\left(x+1\right)^3+x+1=\sqrt[3]{7x^2+9x-4}\) (*)
Đặt \(\sqrt[3]{7x^2+9x-4}=a;x+1=b\)
Khi đó (*) \(\Leftrightarrow-a^3+b^3+b=a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b-a\right).\left(b^2+ab+a^2+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b=a\)
Hay \(x+1=\sqrt[3]{7x^2+9x-4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^3=7x^2+9x-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-4x^2-6x+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-4x^2-5x-x+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x^2+x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=\dfrac{-1\pm\sqrt{5}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
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ĐK: \(x\ge1\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)}-\sqrt{x-1}-6\sqrt{x+2}+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2\sqrt{x+2}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x-1}-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2\sqrt{x+2}=1\\\sqrt{x-1}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4\left(x+2\right)=1\\x-1=9\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{7}{4}\left(l\right)\\x=10\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...
Xét \(f\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(3x+4y+5z\right)^2-44\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(=\left(y+2z+3\right)^2-44yz-44\left(y+z\right)\left(1-y-z\right)\)
\(=45y^2+2y\left(24z-19\right)+48z^2-32z+9\)
\(\Delta_y'=\left(24z-9\right)^2-45\left(48z^2-32z+9\right)=-44\left(6z-1\right)^2\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(x;y;z\right)\ge0\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)x+y=\sqrt{2}\\x+\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)y=\sqrt{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)x+y=\sqrt{2}\\\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)x+y=3\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}0y=-2\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}\left(vôlý\right)\\\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)x+y=3\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: Hệ phương trình vô nghiệm
1) đkxđ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\\y\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét biểu thức \(P=x^3+y^3+7xy\left(x+y\right)\)
\(P=\left(x+y\right)^3+4xy\left(x+y\right)\)
\(P\ge4\sqrt{xy}\left(x+y\right)^2\)
Ta sẽ chứng minh \(4\sqrt{xy}\left(x+y\right)^2\ge8xy\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\) (*)
Thật vậy, (*)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge2\sqrt{2xy\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^4\ge8xy\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+y^4+6x^2y^2\ge4xy\left(x^2+y^2\right)\) (**)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si, ta được:
VT(**) \(=\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2+4x^2y^2\ge4xy\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)\(=\) VP(**)
Vậy (**) đúng \(\Rightarrowđpcm\). Do đó, để đẳng thức xảy ra thì \(x=y\).
Thế vào pt đầu tiên, ta được \(\sqrt{2x-3}-\sqrt{x}=2x-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-3}{\sqrt{2x-3}+\sqrt{x}}=2\left(x-3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\left(nhận\right)\\\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x-3}+\sqrt{x}}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Rõ ràng với \(x\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\) thì \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x-3}+\sqrt{x}}\le\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{2.3}{2}-3}+\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{2}}}< 2\) nên ta chỉ xét TH \(x=3\Rightarrow y=3\) (nhận)
Vậy hệ pt đã cho có nghiệm duy nhất \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(3;3\right)\)
Bài 1:
\(\sqrt{\left(4-\sqrt{5}\right)^2}+\sqrt{5+2\sqrt{5}+1}\)
\(=\left|4-\sqrt{5}\right|+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)^2}\)
\(=4-\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{5}+1=5\)
Bài 2:
a: ĐKXĐ: x>=3
\(\sqrt{x-3}=6\)
=>x-3=36
=>x=36+3=39(nhận)
b: ĐKXĐ: \(x\in R\)
\(\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)^2}=12\)
=>\(\left|x-3\right|=12\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=12\\x-3=-12\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=15\\x=-9\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 3:
a: \(P=\left(\dfrac{3-x\sqrt{x}}{3-\sqrt{x}}+\sqrt{x}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{3-\sqrt{x}}{3-x}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{3-x\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}\left(3-\sqrt{x}\right)}{3-\sqrt{x}}\cdot\dfrac{3-\sqrt{x}}{3-x}\)
\(=\dfrac{3-x\sqrt{x}+3\sqrt{x}-x}{3-x}\)
\(=\dfrac{-\sqrt{x}\left(x-3\right)-\left(x-3\right)}{-\left(x-3\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{x-3}=\sqrt{x}+1\)
b: \(P=\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{1}{x+\sqrt{x}}\right):\dfrac{x-\sqrt{x}+1}{x\sqrt{x}+1}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\right):\dfrac{x-\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(x-\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{1}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}}\)
c: \(A=\sqrt{3x-1}+3\cdot\sqrt{12x-4}-\sqrt{6^2\left(3x-1\right)}+\sqrt{5}\)
\(=\sqrt{3x-1}+6\sqrt{3x-1}-6\sqrt{3x-1}+\sqrt{5}\)
\(=\sqrt{3x-1}+\sqrt{5}\)
d: \(A=\left(\dfrac{a\sqrt{a}-1}{a-\sqrt{a}}-\dfrac{a\sqrt{a}+1}{a+\sqrt{a}}\right):\dfrac{a+2}{a-2}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(a+\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}-\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(a-\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\right)\cdot\dfrac{a-2}{a+2}\)
\(=\dfrac{a+\sqrt{a}+1-a+\sqrt{a}-1}{\sqrt{a}}\cdot\dfrac{a-2}{a+2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(a-2\right)}{a+2}\)