Chứng minh rằng \(2^{2n}.\left(2^{2n+1}-1\right)-1\) chia hết cho 9 với n thuộc \(N^{\cdot}\)
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minh van chua ro phan de 2^2n+1-1 la (2^2n+1) hay nhu de ghi ban a
\(b.\)\(\left(2n-1\right)^3-\left(2n-1\right)=\left(2n-1\right)\left[\left(2n-1\right)^2-1\right]\)
\(=\left(2n-1\right)\left[\left(2n-1\right)^2-1^2\right]=\left(2n-1\right)\left(2n-1-1\right)\left(2n-1+1\right)\)
\(\text{Áp dụng hằng đẳng thức }\)\(a^2-b^2=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=\left(2n-1\right)\left(2n-2\right).2n=\left(2n-1\right).2\left(n-1\right).2n\)
\(=\left(2n-1\right).4.n\left(n-1\right)\)
\(n\left(n-1\right)⋮2\)(vì là tích 2 số liên tiếp)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2n-1\right).4.n\left(n-1\right)⋮\left(4.2\right)=8\)
\(\left(2n-1\right).4.n\left(n-1\right)⋮8\RightarrowĐPCM\)
\(\left(2n+3\right)^2-\left(2n-1\right)^2=4n^2+12n+9-4n^2+4n-1=16n+8=8\left(2n+1\right)⋮8\)
\(\left(2n+3\right)^2-\left(2n-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2n+3-2n+1\right)\left(2n+3+2n-1\right)\)
\(=4\left(4n-2\right)\)
\(=8\left(2x-1\right)\) Vì \(8⋮8\)
\(\Rightarrow8\left(2n-1\right)⋮(ĐPCM)\)
\(S=\left(2n+1\right)\left(n^2-3n-1\right)-2n^3+1\)
\(=2n\left(n^2-3n-1\right)+\left(n^2-3n-1\right)-2n^3+1\)
\(=2n^3-6n^2-2n+n^2-3n-1-2n^3+1\)
\(=\left(2n^3-2n^3\right)-\left(6n^2-n^2\right)-\left(2n+3n\right)-1+1\)
\(=-5n^2-5n=-5n\left(n+1\right)⋮5\)
\(S=\left(2n+1\right)\left(n^2-3n-1\right)-2n^3+1\)
\(=2n^3-6n^2-2n+n^2-3n-1-2n^3+1\)
\(=-5n^2-5n=-5n\left(n+1\right)⋮5\)
Vậy \(\left(2n+1\right)\left(n^2-3n-1\right)-2n^3+1⋮5\)
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