a)8x^3+125y^3
b)8a^3-12a^2b+6ab^2-b^3
c)(a+b)^3-(a-b)^3
d)8m^3+12m^2+6m+1
e)(a+b)^3-(a^3+b^3)
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Giải:
Ta có: \(b^2=ac\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}\)
\(c^2=bd\Rightarrow\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}\)
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow a=bk,b=ck,c=dk\)
Ta có:
\(\left(\frac{a+b-c}{b+c-d}\right)^3=\left(\frac{bk+ck-dk}{b+c-d}\right)^3=\left[\frac{k\left(b+c-d\right)}{b+c-d}\right]^3=k^3\) (1)
\(\left(\frac{2a+3b-4c}{2b+3c-4d}\right)^2=\left(\frac{2bk+3ck-4dk}{2b+3c-4d}\right)^3=\left[\frac{k\left(2b+3c-4d\right)}{2b+3c-4d}\right]^3=k^3\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\left(\frac{a+b-c}{b+c-d}\right)^3=\left(\frac{2a+3b-4c}{2b+3c-4d}\right)^3\) ( đpcm )
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
=>\(a=bk;c=dk\)
1: \(\dfrac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{2\cdot bk+3\cdot dk}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{k\left(2b+3d\right)}{2b+3d}=k\)
\(\dfrac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}=\dfrac{2bk-3dk}{2b-3d}=\dfrac{k\left(2b-3d\right)}{2b-3d}=k\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}\)
2: \(\dfrac{4a-3b}{4c-3d}=\dfrac{4\cdot bk-3b}{4\cdot dk-3d}=\dfrac{b\left(4k-3\right)}{d\left(4k-3\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
\(\dfrac{4a+3b}{4c+3d}=\dfrac{4bk+3b}{4dk+3d}=\dfrac{b\left(4k+3\right)}{d\left(4k+3\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{4a-3b}{4c-3d}=\dfrac{4a+3b}{4c+3d}\)
3: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3bk+5b}{3bk-5b}=\dfrac{b\left(3k+5\right)}{b\left(3k-5\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\)
\(\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}=\dfrac{3dk+5d}{3dk-5d}=\dfrac{d\left(3k+5\right)}{d\left(3k-5\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}\)
4: \(\dfrac{3a-7b}{b}=\dfrac{3bk-7b}{b}=\dfrac{b\left(3k-7\right)}{b}=3k-7\)
\(\dfrac{3c-7d}{d}=\dfrac{3dk-7d}{d}=\dfrac{d\left(3k-7\right)}{d}=3k-7\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{3a-7b}{b}=\dfrac{3c-7d}{d}\)
Lời giải:
Đặt ⎧⎪⎨⎪⎩3a+b−c=x3b+c−a=y3c+a−b=z{3a+b−c=x3b+c−a=y3c+a−b=z
Khi đó, điều kiện đb tương đương với:
(x+y+z)3=24+x3+y3+z3⇔3(x+y)(y+z)(x+z)=24(x+y+z)3=24+x3+y3+z3⇔3(x+y)(y+z)(x+z)=24
⇔3(2a+4b)(2b+4c)(2c+4a)=24⇔3(2a+4b)(2b+4c)(2c+4a)=24
⇔(a+2b)(b+2c)(c+2a)=1⇔(a+2b)(b+2c)(c+2a)=1
Do đó ta có đpcm
Lời giải:
Đặt ⎧⎪⎨⎪⎩3a+b−c=x3b+c−a=y3c+a−b=z{3a+b−c=x3b+c−a=y3c+a−b=z
Khi đó, điều kiện đb tương đương với:
(x+y+z)3=24+x3+y3+z3⇔3(x+y)(y+z)(x+z)=24(x+y+z)3=24+x3+y3+z3⇔3(x+y)(y+z)(x+z)=24
⇔3(2a+4b)(2b+4c)(2c+4a)=24⇔3(2a+4b)(2b+4c)(2c+4a)=24
⇔(a+2b)(b+2c)(c+2a)=1⇔(a+2b)(b+2c)(c+2a)=1
Do đó ta có đpcm
vì b2 = ac nên \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}\)
vì c2=bd nên \(\frac{c}{d}=\frac{b}{c}\)
suy ra \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a^3}{b^3}=\frac{b^3}{c^3}=\frac{c^3}{d^3}=\frac{a}{b}.\frac{b}{c}.\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a}{d}\) (1)
suy ra \(\frac{a^3}{b^3}=\frac{b^3}{c^3}=\frac{c^3}{d^3}=\frac{2b^3}{2c^3}=\frac{3c^3}{3d^3}=\frac{a^3+2b^3+3c^3}{b^3+2c^3+3d^3}\)(2)
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{2b}{2c}=\frac{3c}{3d}=\frac{a+2b+3c}{b+2c+3d}\)suy ra \(\frac{a^3}{b^3}=\frac{b^3}{c^3}=\frac{c^3}{d^3}=\left(\frac{a+2b+3c}{b+2c+3d}\right)^3\)(3)
Từ (1), (2) và (3) suy ra điều phải chứng minh