tìm GTNN và GTLN của các hàm số lượng giác
a. y=sinx+cosx+1
b. y=cosx-cos2x+4
c. y=2sin2x+4\(\sqrt{3}\) sinxcosx+6cos2x+1
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NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
8 tháng 7 2021
Đặt \(sinx+cosx=t\Rightarrow-\sqrt{2}\le t\le\sqrt{2}\)
\(t^2=sin^2x+cos^2x+2sinx.cosx=1+2sinx.cosx\Rightarrow sinx.cosx=\dfrac{t^2-1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow y=t+\dfrac{t^2-1}{2}=\dfrac{1}{2}t^2+t-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Xét hàm \(f\left(t\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}t^2+t-\dfrac{1}{2}\) trên \(\left[-\sqrt{2};\sqrt{2}\right]\)
\(-\dfrac{b}{2a}=-1\)
\(f\left(-\sqrt{2}\right)=\dfrac{1-2\sqrt{2}}{2}\) ; \(f\left(-1\right)=-1\) ; \(f\left(\sqrt{2}\right)=\dfrac{1+2\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow y_{min}=-1\) khi \(t=-1\) ; \(y_{max}=\dfrac{1+2\sqrt{2}}{2}\) khi \(t=\sqrt{2}\)
8 tháng 7 2021
Đặt \(t=sinx+cosx;t\in\left[-\sqrt{2};\sqrt{2}\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{t^2-1}{2}=sinx.cosx\)
\(y=t+\dfrac{t^2-1}{2}=\dfrac{t^2}{2}+t-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vẽ BBT của \(f\left(t\right)=\dfrac{t^2}{2}+t-\dfrac{1}{2};t\in\left[-\sqrt{2};\sqrt{2}\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(f\left(t\right)_{min}=-1\Leftrightarrow t=-1\Rightarrow sinx+cosx=-1\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)....
\(f\left(t\right)_{max}=\dfrac{1+2\sqrt{2}}{2}\)\(\Leftrightarrow t=\sqrt{2}\Rightarrow sinx+cosx=\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=1\)....
T
1 tháng 8 2018
a) làm tương tự 2 bài mk đã giải nha.
b) \(y=2\cos^2x-2\sqrt{3}\sin x\cos x+1\)
\(=1-\left(\cos2x+\sqrt{3}\sin2x\right)\)
Lại có \(-2\le\cos2x+\sqrt{3}\sin2x\le2\) \(\Rightarrow-1\le y\le3\)
c) Vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}0\le\sqrt[4]{\sin x}\le1\\0\le\sqrt{\cos x}\le1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Do đó \(-1\le y\le1\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
14 tháng 9 2020
a/ \(y=sin2x+\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)cos2x+sin^2x-cos^2x-1\)
\(=sin2x+\sqrt{3}cos2x-1=2sin\left(2x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)-1\)
Do \(-1\le sin\left(2x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)\le1\Rightarrow-3\le y\le1\)
b/ \(y=2sin^2x-2cos^2x-3sinx.cosx-1\)
\(=-2cos2x-\frac{3}{2}sin2x-1=-\frac{5}{2}\left(\frac{3}{5}sinx+\frac{4}{5}cosx\right)-1\)
\(=-\frac{5}{2}sin\left(x+a\right)-1\Rightarrow-\frac{7}{2}\le y\le\frac{3}{2}\)
c/ \(y=1-sin2x+2cos2x+\frac{3}{2}sin2x=\frac{1}{2}sin2x+2cos2x+1\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{17}}{2}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}sin2x+\frac{4}{\sqrt{17}}cos2x\right)+1=\frac{\sqrt{17}}{2}sin\left(2x+a\right)+1\)
\(\Rightarrow-\frac{\sqrt{17}}{2}+1\le y\le\frac{\sqrt{17}}{2}+1\)
AT
1
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
20 tháng 9 2021
a.
\(y=sinx.cosx+1=\dfrac{1}{2}sin2x+1\)
\(-1\le sin2x\le1\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}\le y\le\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(y_{min}=\dfrac{1}{2}\) khi \(sin2x=-1\Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\)
\(y_{max}=\dfrac{3}{2}\) khi \(sin2x=1\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\)
b.
\(y=2\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sinx-\dfrac{1}{2}cosx\right)-2=2.sin\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{6}\right)-2\)
\(-1\le sin\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{6}\right)\le1\Rightarrow-4\le y\le0\)
\(y_{min}=-4\) khi \(sin\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{6}\right)=-1\Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\)
\(y_{max}=0\) khi \(sin\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{6}\right)=1\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{2\pi}{3}+k2\pi\)
21 tháng 5 2021
a)\(y=\sqrt{3}sinx+cosx=2\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sinx+\dfrac{1}{2}cosx\right)\)\(=2\left(sinx.cos\dfrac{\pi}{6}+cosx.sin\dfrac{\pi}{6}\right)\)\(=2sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{6}\right)\)
Có \(-1\le sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{6}\right)\le1\) \(\Leftrightarrow-2\le2sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{6}\right)\le2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2\le y\le2\)
miny=-2 \(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{6}\right)=-1\) \(\Leftrightarrow x+\dfrac{\pi}{6}=-\dfrac{\pi}{2}+2k\pi\left(k\in Z\right)\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{2\pi}{3}+k2\pi\left(k\in Z\right)\)
maxy=2\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{6}\right)=1\) \(\Leftrightarrow x+\dfrac{\pi}{6}=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\left(k\in Z\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\left(k\in Z\right)\)
b) \(y=sin2x-cos2x=\sqrt{2}sin\left(2x-\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)\)
Có \(\sqrt{2}\ge\sqrt{2}sin\left(2x-\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)\ge-\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}\ge y\ge-\sqrt{2}\)
miny=\(-\sqrt{2}\) \(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(2x-\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=-1\)\(\Leftrightarrow2x-\dfrac{\pi}{4}=-\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\left(k\in Z\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{\pi}{8}+k\pi\left(k\in Z\right)\)
maxy=\(\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow sin\left(2x-\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=1\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3\pi}{8}+k\pi\left(k\in Z\right)\)
c) \(y=3sinx+4cosx=5\left(\dfrac{3}{5}sinx+\dfrac{4}{5}cosx\right)\)
Đặt \(cosa=\dfrac{3}{5}\) và \(sina=\dfrac{4}{5}\)(vì cos2a+sin2a=1)
\(y=5\left(sinx.cosa+cosx.sina\right)\)\(=5sin\left(x+a\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow-5\le y\le5\)
miny=-5 <=> \(sin\left(x+a\right)=-1\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{\pi}{2}-arc.sina+k2\pi\left(k\in Z\right)\)
maxy=5 <=> \(sin\left(x+a\right)=1\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{\pi}{2}-arc.sina+k2\pi\left(k\in Z\right)\)
(P/s1:cái x ở câu c ấy trông nó ngu ngu??
P/s2:sau khi load lại câu hỏi ở 1 tab khác ,thấy 1 câu trả lời nhưng vẫn đăng vì cảm thấy bỏ đi hơi phí :?)
HT
21 tháng 5 2021
Áp dụng quy tắc sau: Nếu \(a\sin x+b\cos y=c\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2\ge c^2\)
a/ \(3+1\ge y^2\Leftrightarrow4\ge y^2\Leftrightarrow-2\le y\le2\)
\(y_{max}=2\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3}\sin x+\cos x=2\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\sin x+\dfrac{1}{2}\cos x=1\Leftrightarrow\cos\dfrac{\pi}{6}.\sin x+\sin\dfrac{\pi}{6}.\cos x=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{6}\right)=1\Leftrightarrow x+\dfrac{\pi}{6}=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\)
\(y_{min}=-2\Leftrightarrow\sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{6}\right)=-1\Leftrightarrow x+\dfrac{\pi}{6}=-\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{2}{3}\pi+k2\pi\)
Khi cho A td KOH thu được ancol đồng đẳng. => Các ancol là no đơn chức mạch hở.
Gọi CT các este: \(C_mH_{2m+1}COOC_{m'}H_{2m'+1};C_nH_{2n-1}COOC_{n'}H_{2n'-1};C_qH_{2q}\left(COOC_{q'}H_{2q'}\right)_2\)
TN2: Đốt hỗn hợp 3 muối.
Đặt \(n_{K_2CO_3}=x;n_{H_2O}=y\left(mol\right)\)
\(BTNT.K\Rightarrow n_{COOK^-}=2n_{K_2CO_3}=2x\left(mol\right)\\ BTNT.O\Rightarrow2n_{COOK^-}+2n_{O_2}=3n_{K_2CO_3}+2n_{CO_2}+n_{H_2O}\\ \Rightarrow x-y=0,3\\ BTKL\Rightarrow m_{M'}+m_{O_2}=m_{K_2CO_3}+m_{CO_2}+m_{H_2O}\\ \Rightarrow138x+18y=99,9\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,675\\y=0,375\end{matrix}\right.\)
H2 muối gồm: \(C_mH_{2m+1}COOK\text{ }a\text{ }mol;C_nH_{2n-1}COOK\text{ }b\text{ }mol;C_qH_{2q}\left(COOK\right)_2\text{ }c\text{ }mol\)
\(\Rightarrow n_A=a+b+c=0,85\\ BTNT.C\Rightarrow\left(m+1\right)a+\left(n+1\right)b+\left(q+2\right)c=n_{K_2CO_3}+n_{CO_2}=1,75\\ \Rightarrow ma+nb+qc=0,4\\ BTNT.K\Rightarrow a+b+2c=1,35\\ BTNT.H\Rightarrow\left(2m+1\right)a+\left(2n-1\right)b+2qc=2n_{H_2O}=0,75\\ \Rightarrow a-b=-0,05\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,15\\b=0,2\\c=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow0,15m+0,2n+0,5q=0,4\)
Do \(m;q\ge0\Rightarrow n\le\frac{0,4}{0,2}=2\)
Mà \(n\ge2\Rightarrow n=2\Rightarrow m=q=0\)
\(\text{c) }y=2sin^2x+4\sqrt{3}sinx\cdot cosx+6cos^2x+1\\ =\left(1-cos2x\right)+2\sqrt{3}sin2x+3\left(cos2x+1\right)+1\\ =2cos2x+2\sqrt{3}sin2x+5\)
Đặt \(t=2cos2x+2\sqrt{3}sin2x\)
\(\Rightarrow t^2\le\left[2^2+\left(2\sqrt{3}\right)^2\right]\left(cos^22x+sin^22x\right)=16\\ \Rightarrow-4\le t\le4\\ \Rightarrow1\le y\le9\\ \)
Vậy \(Min\text{ }y=1\Leftrightarrow sin2x=-\frac{1}{2}\)
\(Max\text{ }y=9\Leftrightarrow sin2x=\frac{1}{2}\)