Chứng minh rằng: nếu a+b+c=0 thì (a+b)2(b+c)2(c+a)2=(a+bc)(b+ca)(c+ab)
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Ta có: a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ca = 0
=> aa + bb + cc - ab - bc - ca = 0
=> aa + ab - bb + bc - cc -+ca = 0
=> a - b - c = 0
=> a = b = c (đpcm)
a) a2 + b2 + c2 = ab + ac + bc
=> 2a2 + 2b2 + 2c2 = 2ab + 2ac + 2bc
=> 2a2 + 2b2 + 2c2 - 2ab - 2ac - 2bc = 0
=> (a2 - 2ab + b2) + (a2 - 2ac + c2) + (b2 - 2bc + c2) = 0
=> (a - b)2 + (a - c)2 + (b - c)2 = 0
Do 3 hạng tử trên đều có giá trị lớn hơn hoặc bằng 0 nên a - b = a - c = b - c = 0
=> a = b = c
b) a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc
=> a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc = 0
=> a3 + 3a2b + 3ab2 + b3 + c3 - 3abc - 3a2b - 3ab2 = 0
=> (a + b)3 + c3 - 3ab(a + b + c) = 0
=> (a + b + c)(a2 + 2ab + b2 - bc - ac + c2) - 3ab(a + b + c) = 0
=> (a + b + c)(a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ac) = 0
=> a + b + c = 0
hoặc a2 + b2 + c2 = ab + bc + ac => a = b = c
\(a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=2ab+2bc+2ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2=2ab+2bc+2ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)
\(=\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2=0\)
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\\\left(a-c\right)^2\ge0\\\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\)\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\)
Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2=0\\\left(a-c\right)^2=0\\\left(b-c\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{cases}}\)
Vậy a = b = c (đpcm)
Chứng minh rằng nếu a,b,c là các số khác 0 thoả mãn : (ab+ac)/2=(ba+bc)/3=(ca+cb)/4 thì a/3=b/5=c/15
ta có (ab+ac)/2 = (ba+bc)/3 = (ca+cb)/4
=ab+ac-ba-bc+ca+cb/2-3+4 = 2ac/3
=ab+ac+ba+bc-ca-cb/2+3-4 = 2ab
=ab+ac-ba-bc-ca-cb/2-3-4 = 2bc/5
=> 2ac/3=2ab=2bc/5
Ta có 2ac/3=2ab/1 =>c/3 = b/1 => c/15 = b/5 (1)
2ac/3 = 2bc/5 => a/3 = b/5 (2)
từ (1) và(2) => a/3 = b/5 = c/15
\(\frac{a-bc}{a+bc}=\frac{a-bc}{a\left(a+b+c\right)+bc}=\frac{a-bc}{a^2+ab+bc+ca}=\frac{a-bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
\(=\left(a-bc\right)\sqrt{\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2\left(c+a\right)^2}}\le\frac{\frac{a-bc}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{a-bc}{\left(c+a\right)^2}}{2}=\frac{a-bc}{2\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{a-bc}{2\left(c+a\right)^2}\)
Tương tự, ta có: \(\frac{b-ca}{b+ca}\le\frac{b-ca}{2\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{b-ca}{2\left(a+b\right)^2}\)\(;\)\(\frac{c-ab}{c+ab}\le\frac{c-ab}{2\left(c+a\right)^2}+\frac{c-ab}{2\left(b+c\right)^2}\)
=> \(\frac{a-bc}{a+bc}+\frac{b-ca}{b+ca}+\frac{c-ab}{c+ab}\le\frac{a-bc+b-ca}{2\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{b-ca+c-ab}{2\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{a-bc+c-ab}{2\left(c+a\right)^2}\)
\(\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(1-c\right)}{2\left(a+b\right)\left(1-c\right)}+\frac{\left(b+c\right)\left(1-a\right)}{2\left(b+c\right)\left(1-a\right)}+\frac{\left(c+a\right)\left(1-b\right)}{2\left(c+a\right)\left(1-b\right)}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)