tim n ϵ Z
a, (n+5). (n^2 + 1 ) > 0
b, (n-1)^2= (4-n)^ 6
c, (3-n). (n+8) > 0
d, n^2 >n^3
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a: A=3n^2-n-3n^2+6n=5n chia hết cho 5
b: B=n^2+5n-n^2+n+6=6n+6=6(n+1) chia hết cho 6
c: =n^3+2n^2+3n^2+6n-n-2-n^3+2
=5n^2+5n
=5(n^2+n) chia hết cho 5
\(1,\)
\(a,\) Với \(n=1\Leftrightarrow5+2\cdot1+1=8⋮8\left(đúng\right)\)
Giả sử \(n=k\left(k\ge1\right)\Leftrightarrow5^k+2\cdot3^{k-1}+1⋮8\)
Với \(n=k+1\)
\(5^n+2\cdot3^{n-1}+1=5^{k+1}+2\cdot3^k+1\\ =5^k\cdot5+2\cdot3^k+1\\ =5^k\cdot2+2\cdot3^k+5^k\cdot3+1\\ =2\left(5^k+3^k\right)+5^k+2\cdot5^{k-1}+1+2\cdot3^{k-1}-2\cdot3^{k-1}\\ =2\left(5^k+3^k\right)+\left(5^k+2\cdot3^{k-1}+1\right)-2\left(3^{k-1}+5^{k-1}\right)\)
Vì \(5^k+3^k⋮\left(5+3\right)=8;5^{k-1}+3^{k-1}⋮\left(5+3\right)=8;5^k+2\cdot3^{k-1}+1⋮8\) nên \(5^{k+1}+2\cdot3^k+1⋮8\)
Theo pp quy nạp ta được đpcm
\(b,\) Với \(n=1\Leftrightarrow3^3+4^3=91⋮13\left(đúng\right)\)
Giả sử \(n=k\left(k\ge1\right)\Leftrightarrow3^{k+2}+4^{2k+1}⋮13\)
Với \(n=k+1\)
\(3^{n+2}+4^{2n+1}=3^{k+3}+4^{2k+3}\\ =3^{k+2}\cdot3+16\cdot4^{2k+1}\\ =3^{k+2}\cdot3+3\cdot4^{2k+1}+13\cdot4^{2k+1}\\ =3\left(3^{k+2}+4^{2k+1}\right)+13\cdot4^{2k+1}\)
Vì \(3^{k+2}+4^{2k+1}⋮13;13\cdot4^{2k+1}⋮13\) nên \(3^{k+3}+4^{2k+3}⋮13\)
Theo pp quy nạp ta được đpcm
\(1,\)
\(c,C=6^{2n}+3^{n+2}+3^n\\ C=36^n+3^n\cdot9+3^n\\ C=\left(36^n-3^n\right)+\left(3^n\cdot9+2\cdot3^n\right)\\ C=\left(36^n-3^n\right)+3^n\cdot11\)
Vì \(36^n-3^n⋮\left(36-3\right)=33⋮11;3^n\cdot11⋮11\) nên \(C⋮11\)
\(d,D=1^n+2^n+5^n+8^n\)
Vì \(1^n+2^n+5^n⋮\left(1+2+5\right)=8;8^n⋮8\) nên \(D⋮8\)
Bài 2:
a: \(x^3-\dfrac{1}{4}x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)=0\)
hay \(x\in\left\{0;\dfrac{1}{2};-\dfrac{1}{2}\right\}\)
b: \(x^2-10x=-25\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-10x+25=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)^2=0\)
=>x-5=0
hay x=5
c: \(x^3-13x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2-13\right)=0\)
hay \(x\in\left\{0;-\sqrt{13};\sqrt{13}\right\}\)
d: \(x^2+2x-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x+1=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2=2\)
hay \(x\in\left\{\sqrt{2}-1;-\sqrt{2}-1\right\}\)
a. Đ ; b.Đ ; c.S ; d.Đ ; e.S ; f.S ; g. Đ ; h.S ; i. S ; j. Đ
a: =>n+5>0
=>n>-5
c: =>(n-3)(n+8)<0
=>-8<n<3
d: =>n^3<n^2
=>n^2(n-1)<0
=>n-1<0
=>n<1