Tính giới hạn của các dãy số sau:
a. un = \(\dfrac{1}{2^2-1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2-1}+\dfrac{1}{4^2-1}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2-1}\)
b. un = \(\dfrac{1}{1^2+3}+\dfrac{1}{2^2+6}+\dfrac{1}{3^2+9}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2+3n}\)
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Những câu hỏi liên quan
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
5 tháng 1 2021
\(a=lim\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{2}{6}\right)^n+1-\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{4}{6}\right)^n}{\left(\dfrac{3}{6}\right)^n+6}=\dfrac{1}{6}\)
\(b=\lim\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)^2}{3n^2+4}=\lim\dfrac{n^2+2n+1}{3n^2+4}=\lim\dfrac{1+\dfrac{2}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}{3+\dfrac{4}{n^2}}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(c=\lim\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2\left(n^2-3\right)}=\lim\dfrac{n^2+n}{2n^2-6}=\lim\dfrac{1+\dfrac{1}{n}}{2-\dfrac{6}{n^2}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(d=\lim\left[1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right]=\lim\left[1-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right]=1\)
\(e=\lim\dfrac{1}{2}\left[1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{2n-1}-\dfrac{1}{2n+1}\right]\)
\(=\lim\dfrac{1}{2}\left[1-\dfrac{1}{2n+1}\right]=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
HT
18 tháng 2 2021
1/ \(\lim\limits\dfrac{\dfrac{2^n}{7^n}-5.7.\left(\dfrac{7}{7}\right)^n}{\dfrac{2^n}{7^n}+\left(\dfrac{7}{7}\right)^n}=-35\)
2/ \(\lim\limits\dfrac{\dfrac{3^n}{7^n}-2.5.\left(\dfrac{5}{7}\right)^n}{\dfrac{2^n}{7^n}+\dfrac{7^n}{7^n}}=0\)
3/ \(\lim\limits\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{\dfrac{5}{n}-\dfrac{8n}{n}}{\dfrac{n}{n}+\dfrac{3}{n}}}=\sqrt[3]{-8}=-2\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
21 tháng 1 2021
\(\dfrac{1}{u_n-1}=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{2^n-5^n}{2^n+5^n}-1}=\dfrac{2^n+5^n}{-2.5^n}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\left[\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^n+1\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow S_n=-\dfrac{1}{2}\left[\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^1+\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^2+...+\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^n+n\right]\)
Lại có: \(\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^1+\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^2+...+\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^n=\dfrac{2}{5}.\dfrac{1-\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^n}{1-\dfrac{2}{5}}=\dfrac{2}{3}\left[1-\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^n\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow S_n=-\dfrac{1}{2}\left[\dfrac{2}{3}-\dfrac{2}{3}\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^n+n\right]=...\)
15 tháng 10 2023
a: \(\dfrac{u_n}{u_{n-1}}=\dfrac{3^n}{2^{n+1}}:\dfrac{3^{n-1}}{2^n}\)
\(=\dfrac{3^n}{3^{n-1}}\cdot\dfrac{2^n}{2^{n+1}}=\dfrac{3}{2}>1\)
=>(un) là dãy tăng
c: ĐKXĐ: n>=1
\(u_n=\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n-1}}\)
\(\dfrac{u_n}{u_{n-1}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n-1}}:\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n-1}+\sqrt{n-2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{n-1}+\sqrt{n-2}}{\sqrt{n-1}+\sqrt{n}}< 1\)
=>Đây là dãy số giảm
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
9 tháng 8 2021
\(u_{n+1}=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(u_n-\dfrac{n+4}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(u_n-\dfrac{3}{n+1}+\dfrac{2}{n+2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow u_{n+1}-\dfrac{3}{n+1+1}=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(u_n-\dfrac{3}{n+1}\right)\)
Đặt \(u_n-\dfrac{3}{n+1}=v_n\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v_1=u_1-\dfrac{3}{2}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\v_{n+1}=\dfrac{3}{2}v_n\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow v_n\) là CSN với công bội \(\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow v_n=-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^{n-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow u_n=-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^{n-1}+\dfrac{3}{n+1}\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
17 tháng 1 2021
\(a=\lim\left(\dfrac{2n^3\left(5n+1\right)+\left(2n^2+3\right)\left(1-5n^2\right)}{\left(2n^2+3\right)\left(5n+1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\lim\left(\dfrac{2n^3-13n^2+3}{\left(2n^2+3\right)\left(5n+1\right)}\right)=\lim\dfrac{2-\dfrac{13}{n}+\dfrac{3}{n^3}}{\left(2+\dfrac{3}{n^2}\right)\left(5+\dfrac{1}{n}\right)}=\dfrac{2}{2.5}=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(b=\lim\left(\dfrac{n-2}{\sqrt{n^2+n}+\sqrt{n^2+2}}\right)=\lim\dfrac{1-\dfrac{2}{n}}{\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{n}}+\sqrt{1+\dfrac{2}{n}}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(c=\lim\dfrac{\sqrt{1+\dfrac{3}{n^3}-\dfrac{2}{n^4}}}{2-\dfrac{2}{n}+\dfrac{3}{n^2}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(d=\lim\dfrac{\sqrt{1-\dfrac{4}{n}}-\sqrt{4+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}}{\sqrt{3+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}-1}=\dfrac{1-2}{\sqrt{3}-1}=-\dfrac{1+\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
NH
1
15 tháng 10 2023
a: \(2n^2-3>=-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow u_n=\dfrac{1}{2n^2-3}< =-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
=>Dãy số bị chặn trên ở -1/3
b: \(2n^2-1>=-1\)
=>\(u_n=\dfrac{1}{2n^2-1}< =\dfrac{1}{-1}=-1\)
=>Dãy số bị chặn trên ở -1
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
6 tháng 3 2023
I.
Do \(\left(u_n\right)\) là cấp số nhân \(\Rightarrow\)\(u_4=u_3.q\Rightarrow q=\dfrac{u_4}{u_3}=\dfrac{10}{3}\)
\(u_3=u_1q^2\Rightarrow u_1=\dfrac{u_3}{q^2}=\dfrac{27}{100}\)
2. Công thức số hạng tổng quát: \(u_n=\dfrac{27}{100}.\left(\dfrac{10}{3}\right)^{n-1}\)
II.
1. \(\lim\limits\dfrac{-3n^2+2n-2022}{3n^2-2022}=\lim\dfrac{-3+\dfrac{2}{n}-\dfrac{2022}{n^2}}{3-\dfrac{2022}{n^2}}=\dfrac{-3+0-0}{3-0}=-1\)
2.
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\dfrac{x^2-5x+6}{x-2}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}{x-2}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\left(x-3\right)=-1\)
HT
1 tháng 2 2021
Một câu thôi: Liên hợp
\(\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{2.1-\sqrt{2}}{2^2-2}=\dfrac{2-\sqrt{2}}{2}=1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}=\dfrac{3\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{3}}{9.2-4.3}=\dfrac{3\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{3}}{6}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
Nên chứng minh bằng quy nạp mạnh cho chặt chẽ, giờ tui buồn ngủ quá nên bạn tự chứng minh nha :(
\(\Rightarrow u_n=1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{n+1}-1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\Rightarrow\lim\limits\left(u_n\right)=\lim\limits\dfrac{\sqrt{\dfrac{n}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}}{\sqrt{\dfrac{n}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n}}}=1\)
a/
\(u_n=\dfrac{1}{\left(2-1\right)\left(2+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(3-1\right)\left(3+1\right)}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(u_n=\dfrac{1}{1.3}+\dfrac{1}{2.4}+\dfrac{1}{3.5}+\dfrac{1}{4.6}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-2\right)n}+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(u_n=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{n-2}-\dfrac{1}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n-1}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right)\)
\(u_n=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{3}{2}-\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow lim\left(u_n\right)=lim\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{3}{2}-\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right)\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{3}{2}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
b/ \(u_n=\dfrac{1}{1^2+3}+\dfrac{1}{2^2+6}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2+3n}=\dfrac{1}{1.4}+\dfrac{1}{2.5}+...+\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+3\right)}\)
\(u_n=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{7}+...+\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+3}\right)\)
\(u_n=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}-\dfrac{1}{n+2}-\dfrac{1}{n+3}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow lim\left(u_n\right)=lim\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}-\dfrac{1}{n+2}-\dfrac{1}{n+3}\right)\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow lim\left(u_n\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)=\dfrac{11}{18}\)