Tính giá trị của biểu thức
B= \(x^3+y^3+xy\)
Khi \(x+y=\frac{1}{3}\)
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B=x2y2+xy+x3+y3
Thay x=-1, y=3 ta có:
B=x2y2+xy+x3+y3
=(-1)2.32+(-1).3+(-1)3+33
= 1.9-3-1+27
= 9-3-1+27
= 32
Ta có:
\(B=4x\left(2x+y\right)+2y\left(2x+y\right)-y\left(y+2x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=\left(4x+2y-y\right)\left(2x+y\right)=\left(4x+y\right)\left(2x+y\right)=\left(4.\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{-3}{5}\right)\left(2.\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{-3}{5}\right)=\dfrac{14}{25}\)
Với x+y=1/3 ta có
B=x3+y3+xy=(x+y)(x2-xy+y2)+xy
=1/3.(x2-xy+y2)+xy
=1/3.x2-1/3.xy+1/3.y2+xy
= 1/3.x2+2/3.xy+1/3.y2
= 1/3.(x2+2xy+y2) =1/3.(x+y)2=1/3.1/9=1/27
\(a,P=\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}+26\sqrt{x}-19-2x-6\sqrt{x}+x-4\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\left(x\ge0;x\ne1\right)\\ P=\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}-x+16\sqrt{x}-16}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x+16\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\\ P=\dfrac{x+16}{\sqrt{x}+3}\\ b,P=4\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+16}{\sqrt{x}+3}=4\\ \Leftrightarrow x+16=4\sqrt{x}+12\\ \Leftrightarrow x-4\sqrt{x}+4=0\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=2\Leftrightarrow x=4\left(tm\right)\)
\(c,P=\dfrac{x+16}{\sqrt{x}+3}=\dfrac{x-9+25}{\sqrt{x}+3}=\sqrt{x}-3+\dfrac{25}{\sqrt{x}+3}\\ P=\sqrt{x}+3+\dfrac{25}{\sqrt{x}+3}-6\ge2\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\cdot\dfrac{25}{\sqrt{x}+3}}-6=2\cdot5-6=4\\ P_{min}=4\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)^2=25\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}+3=5\left(\sqrt{x}+3>0\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x=4\left(tm\right)\)
\(d,x=3-2\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=\sqrt{2}-1\\ \Leftrightarrow P=\dfrac{3-2\sqrt{2}+16}{\sqrt{2}-1+3}=\dfrac{19-2\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2}+2}\\ P=\dfrac{\left(19-2\sqrt{2}\right)\left(2-\sqrt{2}\right)}{2}=\dfrac{42-23\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
Ta có \(P=\frac{x^2+y\left(x+y\right)}{x^2-y^2}:\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}{x^4\left(x-y\right)-y^4\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+xy+y^2}{x^2-y^2}:\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^4-y^4\right)}\)\(=\frac{x^2+xy+y^2}{x^2-y^2}:\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+xy+y^2}{x^2-y^2}.\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)\(=x^2+y^2=\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy\)
Thay \(x+y=5;xy=-\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow P=5^2-2.\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)=26\)
Vậy P=26
Ta có :
\(P=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^3}{x^3+y^3}+\frac{\left(x+y\right)^3}{xy}=\frac{x^3+y^3+3xy\left(x+y\right)}{x^3+y^3}+\frac{x^3+y^3+3xy\left(x+y\right)}{xy}\)
\(=1+\frac{3xy}{x^3+y^3}+3+\frac{x^3+y^3}{xy}=4+\left(\frac{3xy}{x^3+y^3}+\frac{x^3+y^3}{xy}\right)\ge4+2\sqrt{3}\)
Vậy GTNN của P là \(4+2\sqrt{3}\) khi = \(\frac{3xy}{x^3+y^3}=\frac{x^3+y^3}{xy}\)và x + y = 1
P/s : tự giải dấu "=" nhé. mình lười ghi
Ta có \(P=\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{1}{xy}=\frac{1}{1-3xy}+\frac{1}{xy}=\frac{1-2xy}{xy\left(1-3xy\right)}\)
Theo Cosi \(xy\le\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}=\frac{1}{4}\)
Gọi \(P_0\)là một giá trị của P khi đó \(\exists x,y\)để \(P_0=\frac{1-2xy}{xy\left(1-3xy\right)}\Leftrightarrow3P_0\left(xy\right)^2-\left(2+P_0\right)xy+1=0\left(1\right)\)
Để tồn tại x,y thì (1) phải có nghiệm xy \(\Leftrightarrow\Delta=P_0^2-8P_0+4\ge0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}P_0\ge4+2\sqrt{3}\\P_0\le4-2\sqrt{3}\end{cases}}\)
Để ý rằng với giả thiết bài toán thì B>0. Do đó ta có \(P_0\ge4+2\sqrt{3}\)
Với \(P_0=4+2\sqrt{3}\Rightarrow xy=\frac{2+P_0}{6P_0}=\frac{3+\sqrt{3}}{6\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)}\Rightarrow x\left(1-x\right)=\frac{3+\sqrt{3}}{6\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x+\frac{3+\sqrt{3}}{6\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1+\sqrt{\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}-1}}{2},x=\frac{1-\sqrt{\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}-1}}{2}\)
Vậy \(min_P=4+2\sqrt{3}\)đạt được khi \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1+\sqrt{\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}-1}}{2};y=\frac{1-\sqrt{\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}-1}}{2}\\x=\frac{1-\sqrt{\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}-1}}{2};y=\frac{1+\sqrt{\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}-1}}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(x+y=\frac{1}{3}\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3=\frac{1}{27}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+y^3+3xy\left(x+y\right)=\frac{1}{27}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+y^3+xy.3.\frac{1}{3}=\frac{1}{27}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+y^3+xy=\frac{1}{27}\)
Do đó \(B=\frac{1}{27}\)
Có: x3 + y3 = (x + y)3 - 3xy (x + y)
=> B = x3 + y3 + xy
= (x + y)3 - 3xy (x + y) + xy
= (1/3)3 - 3xy . 1/3 + xy (do x + y =1/3)
= 1/9 - xy + xy
= 1/9