Tìm x,y,z biết x2 + y2 + z2 = 4x - 2y + 6z - 14
Giải hộ mình với mai kt rồi^^
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ta có
\(x^2\)- 4X +4 +\(y^2\)+ 2y +1 +\(z^2\)- 6z +9 =0
suy ra \(\left(x-2\right)^2\)+\(\left(y+1\right)^2\)+ \(\left(z-3\right)^2\)=0
suy ra x=2 , y =-1 , z=3
mk nha
\(x^2+y^2+z^2=4x-2y+6z-14\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+4+y^2+2y+1+z^2-6z+9=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2+\left(z-3\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-2=0\\y+1=0\\z-3=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=-1\\z=3\end{cases}}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x^2\)+ \(y^2\) + \(z^2\) - \(4x\)+ \(2y\) - \(6z\) + \(14\) \(=\) \(0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) ( \(x^2\) - \(4x\) + \(4\) ) + ( \(y^2\) + \(2y\) + \(1\) ) \(=\) \(0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) ( \(x-2\))2 + \(\left(y+1\right)^2\) + \(\left(z-3\right)^2\) \(=\) \(0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=-1\\z=3\end{cases}}\)
⇒(x−1)^2+4(y+1)^2+(z−3)^2≥0
x^2+4y^2+z^2-2x-6z+8y+15
=x^2+4y^2+z^2-2x-6z+8y+1+1+4+9
=(x^2-2x+1)+(4y^2+8y+4)+(z^2-6z+9)+1
=(x-1)^2+4(y+1)^2+(z-3^)2+1
Ta thấy:(x−1)^2≥0
4(y+1)^2≥0
(z−3)^ 2≥0
{(x−1)^24(y+1)^2(z−3)^2≥0
⇒(x−1)^2+4(y+1)^2+(z−3)^2≥0
⇒(x−1)2+4(y+1)2+(z−3)2+1≥0+1=1>0
Ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}\)
nên \(\dfrac{x}{6}=\dfrac{y}{9}\left(1\right)\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{z}{5}\)
nên \(\dfrac{x}{6}=\dfrac{z}{10}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\dfrac{x}{6}=\dfrac{y}{9}=\dfrac{z}{10}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{6}=\dfrac{y}{9}=\dfrac{z}{10}=k\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=6k\\y=9k\\z=10k\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(x^2+y^2+z^2=21\)
\(\Leftrightarrow k^2=\dfrac{21}{217}\)
Trường hợp 1: \(k=\dfrac{\sqrt{93}}{31}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=6k=\dfrac{6\sqrt{93}}{31}\\y=9k=\dfrac{9\sqrt{93}}{31}\\z=10k=\dfrac{10\sqrt{93}}{31}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Trường hợp 2: \(k=-\dfrac{\sqrt{93}}{31}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=6k=\dfrac{-6\sqrt{93}}{31}\\y=9k=\dfrac{-9\sqrt{93}}{31}\\z=10k=\dfrac{-10\sqrt{93}}{31}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3};\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{z}{5}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{6}=\dfrac{y}{9}=\dfrac{z}{10}=\dfrac{x^2}{36}=\dfrac{y^2}{81}=\dfrac{z^2}{100}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau
\(\dfrac{x}{6}=\dfrac{y}{9}=\dfrac{z}{10}=\dfrac{x^2}{36}=\dfrac{y^2}{81}=\dfrac{z^2}{100}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{217}=\dfrac{21}{217}=\dfrac{3}{31}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3}{31}\cdot6=\dfrac{18}{31}\\y=\dfrac{3}{31}\cdot9=\dfrac{27}{31}\\z=\dfrac{3}{31}\cdot10=\dfrac{30}{31}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(x^2+y^2+z^2=4x-2y+6z-14\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+x^2-4x+2y-6z+4+1+9=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+\left(y^2+2y+1\right)+\left(z^2-6z+9\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2+\left(z-3\right)^2=0\)
Ta có :
\(\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\\ \left(y+1\right)^2\ge0\forall y\\ \left(z-3\right)^2\ge0\forall z\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2+\left(z-3\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y,z\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi :
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\y+1=0\\z-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=-1\\z=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+\left(z-3\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow........\)