Cho \(P=\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}\) \(\left(x>0;x\ne1\right)\)
Tìm x để P nguyên.
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KN
22 tháng 5 2020
Ta có: \(x^2\left(y+z\right)\ge x^2.2\sqrt{yz}=2\sqrt{x^4}.\sqrt{\frac{1}{x}}=2x\sqrt{x}\)(Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 2 số dương y,z và sử dụng giả thiết xyz = 1)
Hoàn toàn tương tự: \(y^2\left(z+x\right)\ge2y\sqrt{y};z^2\left(x+y\right)\ge2z\sqrt{z}\)
Do đó \(P=\frac{x^2\left(y+z\right)}{y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}}+\frac{y^2\left(z+x\right)}{z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}}+\frac{z^2\left(x+y\right)}{x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}}\)
\(\ge\frac{2x\sqrt{x}}{y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}}+\frac{2y\sqrt{y}}{z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}}+\frac{2z\sqrt{z}}{x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}}\)
Đặt \(a=x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}\), \(b=y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}\), \(c=z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}\)
Suy ra: \(x\sqrt{x}=\frac{4c+a-2b}{9}\), \(y\sqrt{y}=\frac{4a+b-2c}{9}\), \(z\sqrt{z}=\frac{4b+c-2a}{9}\)
Do đó \(P\ge\frac{2}{9}\left(\frac{4c+a-2b}{b}+\frac{4a+b-2c}{c}+\frac{4b+c-2a}{a}\right)\)
\(=\frac{2}{9}\left[4\left(\frac{c}{b}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)-6\right]\)
\(\ge\frac{2}{9}\left[4.3\sqrt[3]{\frac{c}{b}.\frac{a}{c}.\frac{b}{a}}+3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a}{b}.\frac{b}{c}.\frac{c}{a}}-6\right]\)(Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 3 số dương)
\(=\frac{2}{9}\left[4.3+3-6\right]=2\)
Vậy \(P\ge2\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1
14 tháng 8 2016
Áp dụng BĐT Cô si ta có:
\(x+y\ge2\sqrt{xy}=2\cdot\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}};y+z\ge2\sqrt{yz}=2\cdot\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}};z+x\ge2\sqrt{xz}=2\cdot\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}.\)( vì xyz=1)
=> P\(\ge\)\(\frac{2x\sqrt{x}}{y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}}\)+ \(\frac{2y\sqrt{y}}{z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}}+\frac{2z\sqrt{z}}{x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}}\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}\\b=z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}\\c=x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}\end{cases}\left(a;b;c\ge0\right)}\)<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}4a+b=2c+9z\sqrt{z}\\4b+c=2a+9x\sqrt{x}\\4c+a=2b+9y\sqrt{y}\end{cases}}\)
<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}z\sqrt{z}=\frac{4a+b-2c}{9}\\x\sqrt{x}=\frac{4b+c-2a}{9}\\y\sqrt{y}=\frac{4c+a-2b}{9}\end{cases}}\)
Do đó:
P \(\ge\)\(\frac{2}{9}\cdot\left(\frac{4a+b-2c}{c}+\frac{4b+c-2a}{a}+\frac{4c+a-2b}{b}\right)\)
<=> P \(\ge\)\(\frac{2}{9}\left(4\left(\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{b}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{a}{b}\right)-6\right)\)
<=> P \(\ge\frac{2}{9}\cdot\left(4\cdot3\cdot\sqrt[3]{\frac{a}{c}\cdot\frac{b}{a}\cdot\frac{c}{b}}+3\cdot\sqrt[3]{\frac{b}{c}\cdot\frac{c}{a}\cdot\frac{a}{b}}-6\right)\)( Áp dụng BĐT Cô si cho 3 số ko âm)
<=> P \(\ge\frac{2}{9}\left(12+3-6\right)=2\)( đpcm)
Dấu = khi x=y=z=1.
13 tháng 9 2018
\(B=\frac{-2a\sqrt{a}+2a^2}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\right)\left(a-1\right)}\)
\(C=-x\sqrt{x}+x+\sqrt{x}-1\)
\(D=x-\sqrt{x}+1\)
Y
11 tháng 8 2019
2.
a)
\(\left(2-\frac{a+\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}+1}\right)\left(2-\frac{2\sqrt{a}-a}{\sqrt{a}-2}\right)\\ =\left(2-\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{\sqrt{a}+1}\right)\left(2+\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(2-\sqrt{a}\right)}{2-\sqrt{a}}\right)\\ =\left(2-\sqrt{a}\right)\left(2+\sqrt{a}\right)\\ =2^2-\left(\sqrt{a}\right)^2\\ =4-a\)
b)
\(\left(\frac{x-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{x+\sqrt{x}}\right):\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{x}\\ =\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\right)\cdot\frac{x}{\sqrt{x}+1}\\ =\left(\sqrt{x}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right)\cdot\frac{x}{\sqrt{x}+1}\\ =\frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x}}\cdot\frac{x}{\sqrt{x}+1}\\ =\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\\ =x-\sqrt{x}\)
c)
\(\left(\frac{1-x\sqrt{x}}{1-x}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\frac{1-\sqrt{x}}{1-x}\right)^2\\ =\left(\frac{1-\sqrt{x^3}}{1-x}+\sqrt{x}\right)\cdot\frac{\left(1-\sqrt{x}\right)^2}{\left(1-x\right)^2}\\ =\left(\frac{\left(1-\sqrt{x}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{x}+x\right)}{\left(1-\sqrt{x}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{x}\right)}+\sqrt{x}\right)\cdot\frac{\left(1-\sqrt{x}\right)^2}{\left[\left(1-\sqrt{x}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{x}\right)\right]^2}\\ =\left(\frac{1+\sqrt{x}+x+\sqrt{x}\left(1+\sqrt{x}\right)}{1+\sqrt{x}}\right)\cdot\frac{1}{\left(1+\sqrt{x}\right)^2}\\ =\frac{2x+2\sqrt{x}+1}{1+\sqrt{x}}\cdot\frac{1}{\left(1+\sqrt{x}\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{2x+2\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(1+\sqrt{x}\right)^3}\)
Y
11 tháng 8 2019
1. (Ko viết lại đề nha :v)
a)
\(A=\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}-\frac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\right):\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}\\ =\left(\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}-\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\right)\cdot\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}}\\ =\left(\frac{x+2\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{x}-2-x-\sqrt{x}+2\sqrt{x}+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\right)\cdot\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}}\\ =\frac{2\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(x-1\right)}\cdot\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\frac{2}{x-1}\)
b) Để A đạt giá trị nguyên thì \(2⋮x-1\Leftrightarrow x-1\inƯ\left(2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1\in\left\{-1;1;-2;2\right\}\\ \Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{0;2;-1;3\right\}\)
Vậy......
26 tháng 6 2019
\(đkxđ\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x>0\\x\ne1\end{cases}}\)
\(a,A=\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\frac{1}{x-\sqrt{x}}\right):\left(\frac{1}{1+\sqrt{x}}+\frac{2}{x-1}\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\frac{1}{x\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\right):\left(\frac{1-\sqrt{x}}{\left(1+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{x}\right)}-\frac{2}{1-x}\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{x.\sqrt{x}}{x.\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}-\frac{1}{x\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\right):\left(\frac{1-\sqrt{x}}{1-x}-\frac{2}{1-x}\right)\)
\(=\frac{x.\sqrt{x}-1}{x\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}.\frac{1-x}{-\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x.\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(1-x\right)}{x\left(1-x\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{x^3}-1}{x}\)
\(b,\)\(A=\frac{\sqrt{x}^3-1}{x}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{x}\)
Để A > 0 \(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{x}>0\)
Mà \(x>0\)và \(x+\sqrt{x}+1>0\)( do x lớn hơn 0 )
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}-1>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}>1\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}>\sqrt{1}\Leftrightarrow x>1\)
\(P=\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow Px+P\sqrt{x}+P-\sqrt{x}-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow Px+\sqrt{x}\left(P-1\right)+P-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow Pt^2+\left(P-1\right)t+\left(P-2\right)=0\)(Với \(t=\sqrt{x},t\ge0\))
\(\Delta=\left(P-1\right)^2-4P\left(P-2\right)=-3P^2+6P+1\ge0\Leftrightarrow\frac{3-2\sqrt{3}}{3}\le P\le\frac{3+2\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
Do P nguyên nên P={0;1;2}
Nếu P=0 =>Vô nghiệm
Nếu P=1=> Không tm đề bài
Nếu P=2 => x=0 (Không tm x>0)
Vậy................................