Cho a,b,c thuộc R thỏa a + b + c <=1
Tìm GTNN của: \(M=\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\)
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Ta thấy:
\(\left(a^2+2bc\right)+\left(b^2+2ac\right)+\left(c^2+2ab\right)=\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le1\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(P\ge\left[\left(a^2+2bc\right)+\left(b^2+2ac\right)+\left(c^2+2ab\right)\right]\left(\frac{1}{a^2+2bc}+\frac{1}{b^2+2ac}+\frac{1}{c^2+2ab}\right)\)
\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(a^2+2bc\right)\left(b^2+2ac\right)\left(c^2+2ab\right)}\cdot3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{a^2+2bc}\cdot\frac{1}{b^2+2ac}\cdot\frac{1}{c^2+2ab}}=9\)
Dấu "="xảy ra khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix}a+b+c=1\\a^2+2bc=b^2+2ac=c^2+2ab\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Vậy \(Min_P=9\) khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{a+a+a+a+b+c}+\frac{1}{a+b+b+b+b+c}+\frac{1}{a+b+c+c+c+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\frac{1}{36}\left(\frac{4}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{4}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{4}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\frac{1}{6}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\le\frac{1}{6}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=3\)
MÌnh nghĩ đề phải là tìm GTLN chứ
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{a+b+1}+\frac{1}{b+c+1}+\frac{1}{c+a+1}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b+1}=\frac{b+c}{b+c+1}+\frac{c+a}{c+a+1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{\left(b+c+1\right)\left(c+a+1\right)}}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{b+c+1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+a\right)}{\left(a+b+1\right)\left(c+a+1\right)}}\)
\(\frac{1}{c+a+1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}{\left(a+b+1\right)\left(b+c+1\right)}}\)
Nhân lại ta có: \(\frac{1}{\left(a+b+1\right)\left(b+c+1\right)\left(c+a+1\right)}\ge\frac{8\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{\left(a+b+1\right)\left(b+c+1\right)\left(c+a+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\le\frac{1}{8}\)
Dấu = khi a=b=c=1/4
Áp dụng BĐT AM - GM ta có:
\(\frac{a+1}{b^2+1}=a+1-\frac{b^2\left(a+1\right)}{b^2+1}\ge a+1-\frac{b^2\left(a+1\right)}{2b}=a+1-\frac{b+ab}{2}\left(1\right)\)
Chứng minh tương tự ta có:
\(\frac{b+1}{c^2+1}\ge b+1-\frac{c+bc}{2}\left(2\right)\)
\(\frac{c+1}{a^2+1}\ge c+1-\frac{a+ca}{2}\left(3\right)\)
Từ: \(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\left(3\right)\Rightarrow\frac{a+1}{b^2+1}+\frac{b+1}{c^2+1}+\frac{c+1}{a^2+1}\ge\frac{a+b+c}{2}+3-\frac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\)
Lại có: \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)
Hay: \(3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\le\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3^2=9\)
Vì vậy: \(\frac{a+1}{b^2+1}+\frac{b+1}{c^2+1}+\frac{c+1}{a^2+1}\ge\frac{a+b+c}{2}+3-\frac{ab+bc+ca}{2}=\frac{3}{2}+3-\frac{9}{6}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+1}{b^2+1}+\frac{b+1}{c^2+1}+\frac{c+1}{a^2+1}\ge3\)
\(\Rightarrow Min_P=3\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
* Dũng kỹ thuật Cô-si ngược dấu
\(P=\left(\frac{a}{b^2+1}+\frac{b}{c^2+1}+\frac{c}{a^2+1}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{a^2+1}+\frac{1}{b^2+1}+\frac{1}{c^2+1}\right)\)
+ \(\frac{a}{b^2+1}+\frac{b}{c^2+1}+\frac{c}{a^2+1}=a-\frac{ab^2}{b^2+1}+b-\frac{bc^2}{c^2+1}+c-\frac{ca^2}{a^2+1}\)
\(\ge3-\left(\frac{ab^2}{2b}+\frac{bc^2}{2c}+\frac{ca^2}{2a}\right)=3-\frac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\ge3-\frac{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
+ \(\frac{1}{a^2+1}+\frac{1}{b^2+1}+\frac{1}{c^2+1}=1-\frac{a^2}{a^2+1}+1-\frac{b^2}{b^2+1}+1-\frac{c^2}{c^2+1}\ge3-\left(\frac{a^2}{2a}+\frac{b^2}{2b}+\frac{c^2}{2c}\right)=3-\frac{a+b+c}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Do đó: \(P\ge3\). Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
\(M=\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{a+b+c+3}\)
\(\ge\frac{3^2}{1+3}=\frac{9}{4}\)
=>MinM=9/4 khi a=b=c=1/3
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