cho a,b,c>0. cmr:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}\)
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
3/ Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM, ta có :
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(ab\right)^2}{\left(bc\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2a}{c}\)
\(\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(bc\right)^2}{\left(ac\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2b}{a}\)
\(\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(ac\right)^2}{\left(ab\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2c}{b}\)
Cộng 3 vế của BĐT trên ta có :
\(2\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\right)\ge2\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\ge\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\left(\text{đpcm}\right)\)
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+bc}+\frac{1}{b^2+ac}+\frac{1}{c^2+ab}\leq \frac{1}{2\sqrt{a^2.bc}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{b^2.ac}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{c^2.ab}}=\frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}}{2abc}\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{ab}\leq \frac{b+c}{2}+\frac{c+a}{2}+\frac{a+b}{2}=a+b+c\)
Do đó:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+bc}+\frac{1}{b^2+ac}+\frac{1}{c^2+ab}\leq \frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}}{2abc}\leq \frac{a+b+c}{2abc}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
1.
BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương:
\(\left(ab-1\right)\left(bc-1\right)\left(ca-1\right)\ge\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)\)
Ta có:
\(\left(ab-1\right)^2=a^2b^2-2ab+1=a^2b^2-a^2-b^2+1+a^2+b^2-2ab\)
\(=\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)+\left(a-b\right)^2\ge\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\left(bc-1\right)^2\ge\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)\)
\(\left(ca-1\right)^2\ge\left(c^2-1\right)\left(a^2-1\right)\)
Do \(a;b;c\ge1\) nên 2 vế của các BĐT trên đều không âm, nhân vế với vế:
\(\left[\left(ab-1\right)\left(bc-1\right)\left(ca-1\right)\right]^2\ge\left[\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)\right]^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(ab-1\right)\left(bc-1\right)\left(ca-1\right)\ge\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Câu 2 em kiểm tra lại đề có chính xác chưa
2.
Câu 2 đề thế này cũng làm được nhưng khá xấu, mình nghĩ là không thể chứng minh bằng Cauchy-Schwaz được, phải chứng minh bằng SOS
Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(c=max\left\{a;b;c\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)\ge0\) (1)
BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{a+b}{bc+a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{b+c}{ac+b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{c+a}{ab+c^2}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b\left(c-a\right)}{a^3+abc}+\dfrac{c\left(a-b\right)}{b^3+abc}+\dfrac{a\left(b-c\right)}{c^3+abc}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{c\left(b-a\right)+a\left(c-b\right)}{a^3+abc}+\dfrac{c\left(a-b\right)}{b^3+abc}+\dfrac{a\left(b-c\right)}{c^3+abc}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow c\left(b-a\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a^3+abc}-\dfrac{1}{b^3+abc}\right)+a\left(c-b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a^3+abc}-\dfrac{1}{c^3+abc}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{c\left(b-a\right)\left(b^3-a^3\right)}{\left(a^3+abc\right)\left(b^3+abc\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(c-b\right)\left(c^3-a^3\right)}{\left(a^3+abc\right)\left(c^3+abc\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{c\left(b-a\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{\left(a^3+abc\right)\left(b^3+abc\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(c-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(a^2+ac+c^2\right)}{\left(a^3+abc\right)\left(c^3+abc\right)}\ge0\)
Đúng theo (1)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Xét \(\dfrac{a}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{3\left(a-2\right)}{25}-\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{a}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{3a-16}{25}=\dfrac{\left(3a-4\right)\left(a-2\right)^2}{25\left(a^2+1\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{a^2+1}\ge\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{3\left(a-2\right)}{25}\)
CMTT \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b}{b^2+1}\ge\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{3\left(b-2\right)}{25}\\\dfrac{c}{c^2+1}\ge\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{3\left(c-2\right)}{25}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng vế theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{2}{5}+\dfrac{2}{5}+\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{3\left(a-2\right)+3\left(b-2\right)+3\left(c-2\right)}{25}\ge\dfrac{6}{5}-\dfrac{3\left(a+b+c-6\right)}{25}=\dfrac{6}{5}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=2\)
Ta có BĐT : \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{4}{a+b}\) ( \(a,b>0\) )
\(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\text{≥}\dfrac{4}{b+c}\left(b;c>0\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{c}\text{≥}\dfrac{4}{a+c}\left(a;c>0\right)\)
Cộng từng vế của các BĐT trên , ta có :
\(2\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\text{≥}\dfrac{4}{a+b}+\dfrac{4}{b+c}+\dfrac{4}{a+c}\)
⇔ \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\text{≥}\dfrac{2}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}+\dfrac{2}{a+c}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\) ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{4}{b+c}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge\dfrac{4}{c+a}\)
Cộng vế theo vế ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}+\dfrac{4}{b+c}+\dfrac{4}{c+a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge2\left(\dfrac{2}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}+\dfrac{2}{c+a}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{2}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}+\dfrac{2}{c+a}\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
\(VT\ge a+b+c+\dfrac{9}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\sqrt{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{9}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}}{2}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}}{2}+\dfrac{9}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{27}{8}}=\dfrac{9}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy ta có
\(\dfrac{b^2}{a}+a\ge2b;\) \(\dfrac{c^2}{b}+b\ge2c\); \(\dfrac{a^2}{c}+c\ge2a\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{b^2}{a}+\dfrac{c^2}{b}+\dfrac{a^2}{c}\ge a+b+c\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{b^2}{a}+\dfrac{c^2}{b}+\dfrac{a^2}{c}+\dfrac{9}{2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\ge a+b+c+\dfrac{9}{2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\)Ta phải chứng minh
\(a+b+c+\dfrac{9}{2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\ge\dfrac{9}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ac\right)+18\ge18\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\left(4\left(a+b+c\right)-18\right)+18\ge0\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:
\(ab+bc+ac\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}=3\)
\(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\left(4\left(a+b+c\right)-18\right)+18\ge3\left(4.3-18\right)+18=0\)=> đpcm
\(\dfrac{a^3}{1+b}+\dfrac{1+b}{4}+\dfrac{1}{2}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a^3\left(1+b\right)}{8\left(a+b\right)}}=\dfrac{3a}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{b^3}{1+c}+\dfrac{1+c}{4}+\dfrac{1}{2}\ge\dfrac{3b}{2}\) ; \(\dfrac{c^3}{1+a}+\dfrac{1+a}{4}+\dfrac{1}{2}\ge\dfrac{3c}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT+\dfrac{a+b+c}{4}+\dfrac{9}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{5}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)-\dfrac{9}{4}\ge\dfrac{5}{4}.3\sqrt[3]{abc}-\dfrac{9}{4}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Lời giải:
Từ \(a+b+c\geq \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\geq \frac{ab+bc+ac}{abc}\Rightarrow abc(a+b+c)\geq ab+bc+ac\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2b^2c^2(a+b+c)^2\geq (ab+bc+ac)^2(1)\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(a^2b^2+b^2c^2\geq 2ab^2c\)
\(b^2c^2+c^2a^2\geq 2abc^2\)
\(a^2b^2+c^2a^2\geq 2a^2bc\)
Cộng theo vế, rút gọn \(\Rightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\geq abc(a+b+c)\)
\(\Rightarrow (ab+bc+ac)^2\geq 3abc(a+b+c)(2)\)
Từ \((1);(2)\Rightarrow a^2b^2c^2(a+b+c)^2\geq 3abc(a+b+c)\)
\(\Rightarrow abc(a+b+c)\geq 3\Rightarrow a+b+c\geq \frac{3}{abc}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
a) \(\dfrac{1}{a}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{b}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{c}\)≥\(\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}\)
<=> ( \(\dfrac{1}{a}\)+ \(\dfrac{1}{b}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{c}\))(a+b+c) ≥ 9
Ta có : \(\dfrac{1}{a}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{b}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{c}\) ≥ 3.căn bậc 3 1/abc(Cô-si)
a+b+c ≥ 3 căn bậc 3 abc
(1/a + 1/b + 1/c)(a+c+c) ≥ 9 căn bậc 3 abc/abc = 9
<=> 1/a + 1/b + 1/c ≥ 9(a+b+c)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi : a=b =c
Cách khác :
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy dạng Engel , ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)