Tìm GTNN của biểu thức: x^2+4y^2+4x-4y-3
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\(P=x^2+4y^2-4x+4y+2021\)
\(=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+\left(4y^2+4y+1\right)+2016\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2+2016\ge2016\)
\(P_{min}=2016\Leftrightarrow x=2;y=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
b) Ta có: \(B=x^2+2x+y^2-4y+6\)
\(=x^2+2x+1+y^2-4y+4+1\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+1\ge1\forall x,y\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(B_{min}=1\) khi (x,y)=(-1;2)
c) Ta có: \(C=4x^2+4x+9y^2-6y-5\)
\(=4x^2+4x+1+9y^2-6y+1-7\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+\left(3y-1\right)^2-7\ge-7\forall x,y\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(C_{min}=-7\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=2x^2+x=2\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{2}x\right)=2\left(x^2+2.\dfrac{1}{4}x+\dfrac{1}{16}-\dfrac{1}{16}\right)\)
\(=2\left[\left(x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{16}\right]\ge-\dfrac{1}{8}\) dấu"=' xảy ra<=>x=\(-\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(B=x^2+2x+y^2-4y+6\)
\(=x^2+2x+1+y^2-4y+4+1=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+1\)
\(\ge1\) dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=-1;y=2
\(C=4x^2+4x+9y^2-6y-5\)
\(=4x^2+4x+1+9y^2-6y+1-7\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+\left(3y-1\right)^2-7\ge-7\)
dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=\(-\dfrac{1}{2},y=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(D=\left(2+x\right)\left(x+4\right)-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)^2\)
=\(x^2+6x+8-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^2-1-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^2\left(2-x\right)-1\ge-1\)
dấu"=" xảy ra\(< =>\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(P=x^2+2xy+4x+4y+y^2+5\)
\(=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+4\left(x+y\right)+5\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2+4\left(x+y\right)+4+1\)
\(=\left(x+y+2\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x+y+2=0\)
Vậy với x + y + 2 = 0 thì Pmin = 1
p = x.x + 2.x.y+ 4.x+4.y+ y.2+5
=> P= x.(x+2+y+4)+y.(4+2) +5
mà giá trị nhỏ nhất là gì ạ?
\(x-4y=5\Rightarrow x=4y+5\)
\(A=\left(4y+5\right)^2+4y^2=20y^2+40y+25\)
\(A=20\left(y+1\right)^2+5\ge5\)
\(A_{min}=5\) khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;-1\right)\)
2) ĐKXĐ: \(1\le x\le5\)
\(B^2=\left(\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{5-x}\right)^2\le\left(1^2+1^2\right)\left(x-1+5-x\right)=8\Rightarrow B\le2\sqrt{2}\)
Xảy ra đẳng thức khi và chỉ khi x = 3
x2+4y2+4x-4y-3
= (x2+4x+4)+(4y2-4y+1)-8
= (x+2)2+(2y-1)2-8
=> Min =-8 khi x=-2;y=1/2
Đặt: \(D=x^2+4y^2+4x-4y-3\)
\(D=\left(x^2+4x+4\right)+\left(4y^2-4y+1\right)-8\)
\(D=\left(x+2\right)^2+\left(2y-1\right)^2-8\ge-8\)
Vậy: \(Min_D=-8\Leftrightarrow x=-2\&y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)