Question

[Cố Gắng Hơn Nữa]

Các số thực dương x,y,z thỏa mãn điều kiện: x+y+z=1. Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của:

\(F=\dfrac{x^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{y^4}{\left(y^2+z^2\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\dfrac{z^4}{\left(z^2+x^2\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)

Answer 1

[Akai Haruma]

Lời giải:
Xét hiệu:

\(\frac{x^4}{(x^2+y^2)(x+y)}+\frac{y^4}{(y^2+z^2)(y+z)}+\frac{z^4}{(z^2+x^2)(z+x)}-\left(\frac{y^4}{(x^2+y^2)(x+y)}+\frac{z^4}{(y^2+z^2)(y+z)}+\frac{x^4}{(z^2+x^2)(z+x)}\right)\)

\(=\frac{x^4-y^4}{(x^2+y^2)(x+y)}+\frac{y^4-z^4}{(y^2+z^2)(y+z)}+\frac{z^4-x^4}{(z^2+x^2)(z+x)}\)

\(=x-y+y-z+z-x=0\)

\(\Rightarrow \frac{x^4}{(x^2+y^2)(x+y)}+\frac{y^4}{(y^2+z^2)(y+z)}+\frac{z^4}{(z^2+x^2)(z+x)}=\frac{y^4}{(x^2+y^2)(x+y)}+\frac{z^4}{(y^2+z^2)(y+z)}+\frac{x^4}{(z^2+x^2)(z+x)}\)

Do đó:
\(2F=\frac{x^4+y^4}{(x^2+y^2)(x+y)}+\frac{y^4+z^4}{(y^2+z^2)(y+z)}+\frac{z^4+x^4}{(z^2+x^2)(z+x)}\)

\(\geq \frac{\frac{(x^2+y^2)^2}{2}}{(x^2+y^2)(x+y)}+\frac{\frac{(y^2+z^2)^2}{2}}{(y^2+z^2)(y+z)}+\frac{\frac{(z^2+x^2)^2}{2}}{(z^2+x^2)(z+x)}\) (áp dụng BĐT Cauchy)

hay \(2F\geq \frac{x^2+y^2}{2(x+y)}+\frac{y^2+z^2}{2(y+z)}+\frac{z^2+x^2}{2(z+x)}\)

Mà cũng theo BĐT Cauchy thì:

\(\frac{x^2+y^2}{2(x+y)}+\frac{y^2+z^2}{2(y+z)}+\frac{z^2+x^2}{2(z+x)}\geq \frac{\frac{(x+y)^2}{2}}{2(x+y)}+\frac{\frac{(y+z)^2}{2}}{2(y+z)}+\frac{\frac{(z+x)^2}{2}}{2(x+z)}=\frac{x+y+z}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow 2F\geq \frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow F\geq \frac{1}{4}\)

Vậy \(F_{\min}=\frac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)