Cho hai số thực x, y thỏa mãn điều kiện x+y=1 và x.y≠0. CMR: x/y^3-1 - y/x^3-1+ 2(x-y)/x^2y^2+3=0
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\(\frac{x}{y^3-1}-\frac{y}{x^3-1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{-\left(y-1\right)}{\left(y-1\right)\left(y^2+y+1\right)}+\frac{x-1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\) \(+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(=-\frac{1}{y^2+y+1}+\frac{1}{x^2+x+1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{-\left(x^2+x+1\right)+y^2+y+1}{\left(y^2+y+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{-\left(x^2-y^2\right)-\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+x^2y+xy^2+x^2+y^2+xy+x+y+1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{-\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+xy\left(x+y\right)+xy+x^2+y^2+2}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{-\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y+1\right)}{x^2y^2+2xy+x^2+y^2+2}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{-2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+\left(x+y\right)^2+2}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{-2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}=0\)
Ta có:
\(\left(y^2+y+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=x^2y^2+xy\left(x+y\right)+x^2+y^2+xy+x+y+1\)
\(=x^2y^2+x^2+y^2+2xy+2=x^2y^2+3\)
Ta lại có:
\(\left(y^2+y+1\right)-\left(x^2+x+1\right)=\left(y^2-x^2\right)+\left(y-x\right)\)
\(=\left(y-x\right)\left(x+y+1\right)=-2\left(x-y\right)\)
Theo đề bài ta có: (sửa đề luôn)
\(\frac{x}{y^3-1}-\frac{y}{x^3-1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{x}{\left(y-1\right)\left(y^2+y+1\right)}-\frac{y}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{-1}{y^2+y+1}+\frac{1}{x^2+x+1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{\left(y^2+y+1\right)-\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(y^2+y+1\right)}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(=-\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}=0\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{x-1}{2}=\dfrac{y+1}{3}=\dfrac{z-3}{5}\)
nên \(\dfrac{2x-2}{4}=\dfrac{y+1}{3}=\dfrac{z-3}{5}\)
mà 2x+y-z=0
nên Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:
\(\dfrac{2x-2}{4}=\dfrac{y+1}{3}=\dfrac{z-3}{5}=\dfrac{2x+y-z-2+1+3}{4+3-5}=\dfrac{2}{2}=1\)
Do đó: x=3; y=2; z=8
\(x+y=4xy\Rightarrow\frac{x+y}{xy}=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=4\)
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}>=\frac{4}{x+y}\Rightarrow4>=\frac{4}{x+y}\Rightarrow x+y>=1\)(bđt svacxo)
\(x^2+y^2>=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2};xy< =\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=x^2+y^2-xy>=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}-\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}>=\frac{1^2}{4}=\frac{1}{4}\)
dấu = xảy ra khi \(x+y=1;x=y\Rightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{2}\left(tm\right)\)
vậy min P là \(\frac{1}{4}\)khi x=y=\(\frac{1}{2}\)