1, C/m: a2 + b2 + c2 \(\ge\) ab +bc + ac
2, Cho a, b > 0. C/m: \(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\ge2\)
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
\(VT=\dfrac{a^4}{ab+ac}+\dfrac{b^4}{ab+bc}+\dfrac{c^4}{ac+bc}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
\(VT\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Lời giải:
$a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac=0$
$\Leftrightarrow 2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (a^2-2ab+b^2)+(b^2-2bc+c^2)+(c^2-2ac+a^2)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(c-a)^2=0$
Vì $(a-b)^2; (b-c)^2; (c-a)^2\geq 0$ với mọi $a,b,c$ nên để tổng của chúng bằng $0$ thì:
$a-b=b-c=c-a=0$
$\Rightarrow a=b=c$
$\Rightarrow \frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{a}=1$
Khi đó:
$(\frac{a}{b}+1)(\frac{b}{c}+1)(\frac{c}{a}+1)=(1+1)(1+1)(1+1)=8$
Ta có đpcm.
a/ \(\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+ac+a^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^4}{a^3+a^2b+ab^2}+\dfrac{b^4}{b^3+b^2c+bc^2}+\dfrac{c^4}{c^3+ac^2+ca^2}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)+b\left(b^2+bc+c^2\right)+c\left(c^2+ca+a^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{a+b+c}\)
b/ \(\dfrac{a^3}{bc}+\dfrac{b^3}{ac}+\dfrac{c^3}{ab}=\dfrac{a^4}{abc}+\dfrac{b^4}{abc}+\dfrac{c^4}{abc}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{3abc}=\dfrac{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}.3\sqrt[3]{abc}}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a+b+c}\)
Lời giải:
$P=\frac{a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2}{abc}$
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM, dạng $(x+y+z)^2\geq 3(xy+yz+xz)$ ta có:
$(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)^2\geq 3(a^2b^4c^2+a^4b^2c^2+a^2b^2c^4)$
$=3a^2b^2c^2(a^2+b^2+c^2)=3a^2b^2c^2$
$\Rightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\geq \sqrt{3}abc$
$\Rightarrow P=\frac{a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2}{abc}\geq \sqrt{3}$
Vậy $P_{\min}=\sqrt{3}$. Giá trị này đạt tại $a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}$
a^2+ab+b^2/3=c^2+b^2/3+a^2+ac+c^2
=>ab=2c^2+ac
=>2c/a=(b+c)/(a+c)
\(\)Ta có: \(a+b+c=0 \Rightarrow b+c=-a \Rightarrow (b+c)^2=(-a)^2 \Leftrightarrow b^2+c^2+2bc=a^2 \Leftrightarrow a^2-b^2-c^2=2bc\)
Tương tự: \(b^2-c^2-a^2=2ca;c^2-a^2-b^2=2ab\)
\(P=...=\dfrac{a^2}{2bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{2ca}+\dfrac{c^2}{2bc}=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{2abc}=\dfrac{3abc}{2abc}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
----
Bổ đề \(a+b+c=0 \Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\)
Ở đây ta c/m chiều thuận:
Với \(a+b+c=0 \Leftrightarrow a+b=-c \Rightarrow (a+b)^3=(-c)^3 \Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+3ab(a+b)=-c^3 \Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc(QED)\)
a/ Xét hiệu: \(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-2\sqrt{ab}+b\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng) (đpcm)
''='' xảy ra khi a = b
b/ Sửa đề chút nhé: CMR:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{bc}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{ac}}\)
Áp dụng bđt AM-GM có:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{a}\cdot\dfrac{1}{b}}=2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{ab}}=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{ab}}\);
Tương tự ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{bc}}\); \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{ac}}\)
Cộng 2 vế ba bđt trên ta được:
\(2\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge2\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{bc}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{ac}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{bc}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{ac}}\left(đpcm\right)\)
''='' xảy ra khi a = b = c
am-gm
1) \(2VT=\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(b^2+c^2\right)+\left(c^2+a^2\right)\ge2ab+2bc+2ac=2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=2VP\)
\(VT\ge VP\)
2) \(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{ab}}=2\)