phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
\(\left(x+y+z\right)^3-x^3-y^3-z^3\)
\(x^4+2010x^2+2009x+2010\)
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a) (x + y + z)3 - x3 - y3 - z3
= (x + y + z)3 - z3 - (x3 + y3)
= (x + y + z - z)[(x + y + z)2 + (x + y + z).z + z2) - (x + y)(x2 - xy + y2)
= (x + y)(x2 + y2 + z2 + 2xy + 2yz + 2zx + 2xz + 2yz + z2 + z2) - (x + y)(x2 - xy + y2)
= (x + y)(x2 + y2 + 3z2 + 2xy + 4yz + 4zx) - (x + y)(x2 - xy + y2)
= (x + y)(3z2 + 3xy + 5yz + 4zx)
b) Sửa đề x4 + 2010x2 + 2009x + 2010
= (x4 + x2 + 1) + (2009x2 + 2009x + 2009)
= (x4 + 2x2 + 1 - x2) + 2009(x2 + x + 1)
= [(x2 + 1)2 - x2] + 2009(x2 + x + 1)
= (x2 + x + 1)(x2 - x + 1) + 2009(x2 + x + 1)
= (x2 + x + 1)(x2 - x + 2010)
Đặt \(x+y-z=a;x-y+z=b;y+z-x=c\)
Ta có:\(A=\left(a+b+c\right)^3-a^3-b^3-c^3\)
\(A=\left[\left(a+b\right)+c\right]^3-a^3-b^3-c^3\)
\(A=\left(a+b\right)^3+3\left(a+b\right)\cdot c\cdot\left(a+b+c\right)+c^3-a^3-b^3-c^3\)
\(A=a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)+3\left(a+b\right)c\left(a+b+c\right)+c^3-a^3-b^3-c^3\)
\(A=3\left(a+b\right)\left(ab+ac+bc+c^2\right)\)
\(A=3\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
Hay \(A=3\cdot2x\cdot2y\cdot2z\)
\(A=24xyz\)
a.\(\left(x+y+z\right)^3-x^3-y^3-z^3\)
\(=\left[\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3\right]-a^3-b^3-c^3\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3+3z\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)-x^3-y^3-z^3\)
\(=x^3+y^3+3xy\left(x+y\right)+z^3+3z\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)-x^3-y^3-z^3\)
\(=3\left(x+y\right)\left(xy+xz+yz+z^2\right)\)
\(=3\left(x+y\right)\left[x\left(y+z\right)+z\left(y+z\right)\right]\)
\(=3\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\)
b.\(x^4+2010x^2+2009x+2010\)
\(=\left(x^4-x\right)+\left(2010x^2+2010x+2010\right)\)
=\(x\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)+2010\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
=\(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+2010\right)\)
x4+2010x2+2009x+2010
=x4-x+2010x2+2010x+2010
=x.(x3-1)+2010.(x2+x+1)
=x.(x-1)(x2+x+1)+2010.(x2+x+1)
=(x2+x+1)(x2-x+2010)
(x+y+z)3-x3-y3-z3=(x+y+z-x)[(x+y+z)2+(x+y+z).x+x2]-(y+z)(y2-yz+z2)
=(y+z)(x2+y2+z2+2xy+2yz+2zx+x2+xy+zx+x2)-(y+z)(y2-yz+z2)
=(y+z)(3x2+y2+z2+3xy+2yz+3zx)-(y+z)(y2-yz+z2)
=(y+z)(3x2+y2+z2+3xy+2yz+3zx-y2+yz-z2)
=(y+z)(3x2+3yz+3xy+3zx)
=3.(y+z)(x2+xy+yz+zx)
=3.(y+z)[x.(x+y)+z.(x+y)
=3.(y+z)(x+y)(x+z)