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\(\frac{2a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+2b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+2c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+2d}{d}=\)
\(=\frac{a+b+2c+d+a+b+c+2d}{c+d}=\frac{2\left(a+b\right)}{c+d}+3=\)
Tương tự
\(=\frac{2\left(b+c\right)}{d+a}+3=\)
\(=\frac{2\left(c+d\right)}{a+b}+3=\)
\(=\frac{2\left(d+a\right)}{b+c}+3\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2\left(a+b\right)}{c+d}+3=\frac{2\left(b+c\right)}{d+a}+3=\frac{2\left(c+d\right)}{a+b}+3=\frac{2\left(d+a\right)}{b+c}+3\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2\left(a+b\right)}{c+d}=\frac{2\left(b+c\right)}{d+a}=\frac{2\left(c+d\right)}{a+b}=\frac{2\left(d+a\right)}{b+c}=\)
\(=\frac{2\left(a+b\right)+2\left(b+c\right)+2\left(c+d\right)+2\left(d+a\right)}{c+d+d+a+a+b+b+c}=\frac{4\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{2\left(a+b+c+d\right)}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{c+d}+\frac{b+c}{d+a}+\frac{c+d}{a+b}+\frac{d+a}{b+c}=1+1+1+1=4\)
<br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div id="inner-editor"></div>2a+b+c+da =a+2b+c+db =a+b+2c+dc =a+b+c+2dd =2a+b+c+d+a+2b+c+d+a+b+2c+d+a+b+c+2ca+b+c+d =4
=>2a+b+c+d=4a
=>2a=b+c+d
Tương tự ta có:2b=a+c+d
2c=a+b+d
2d=a+b+c
=>2a+2b=b+c+d+a+c+d=>a+b+2c+2d
=>a+b=2c+2d
=>a+b/c+d=2
Tương tự ta có:b+c/d+a=2
c+d/a+b=2
d+a/b+c=2
=>M=2+2+2+2=8
\(\frac{2a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+2b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+2c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+2d}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2a+b+c+d}{a}-1=\frac{a+2b+c+d}{b}-1=\frac{a+b+2c+d}{c}-1=\frac{a+b+c+2d}{d}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{d}\)
\(=\frac{a+b+c+d+a+b+c+d+a+b+c+d+a+b+c+d}{a+b+c+d}=4\)
Xét \(a+b+c+d=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=-\left(c+d\right),b+c=-\left(a+d\right),c+d=-\left(b+a\right),d+a=-\left(c+b\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{-\left(c+d\right)}{c+d}+\frac{-\left(d+a\right)}{d+a}+\frac{-\left(a+b\right)}{a+b}+\frac{-\left(b+c\right)}{b+c}\)
\(M=-1+-1+-1+-1=-4\)
Xét \(a+b+c+d\ne0\Rightarrow a=b=c=d\)
\(\Rightarrow M=1+1+1+1=4\)
Vậy M=-4 hoặc M=4
Xem lại đề biểu thức M đi bạn, hình như dấu + chứ không phải dấu = nha
Gợi ý :
Cùng trừ 1 ở mỗi hạng tử bằng nhau ở đề bài .
Rồi xét 2 TH :
Th1 : a + b + c + d = 0
TH2 : a + b + c + d khác 0
Mấy bạn chỉ cần giải thích vì sao lại suy ra a = b = c = d ở trường hợp \(a+b+c+d\ne0\) là được, mình chỉ cần nhiu đó
Đặt điều kiện : a, b, c, d khác 0
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\frac{2a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+2b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+2c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+2d}{d}\)
\(=\frac{2a+b+c+d+a+2b+c+d+a+b+2c+d+a+b+c+2d}{a+b+c+d}=\frac{5\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}\)
Nếu \(a+b+c+d=0\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=-\left(c+d\right)\\b+c=-\left(d+a\right)\\c+d=-\left(a+b\right)\end{cases}\Rightarrow d+a=-\left(b+c\right)\Rightarrow M=-4}\)
Và nếu a + b + c + d khác 0 \(\Rightarrow\frac{2a+b+c+d}{a}=5\Rightarrow b+c+d=3a\)
Ta có : \(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b+c=3d\\a+c+d=3b\\a+b+d=3c\end{cases}\Rightarrow a=b=c=d}\)
Khi đó \(M=4\)
Vậy \(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}M=4\\M=-4\end{cases}}\)
Từ \(\frac{2a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+2b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+2c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+2d}{d}\)
=> \(2+\frac{b+c+d}{a}=2+\frac{a+c+d}{b}=2+\frac{a+b+d}{c}=2+\frac{a+b+c}{d}\)
=> \(\frac{b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c}{d}=\frac{\left(b+c+d\right)+\left(a+c+d\right)+\left(a+b+d\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c+d}=\frac{3\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}=3\)
Từ \(3=\frac{b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+c+d}{b}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)+2\left(c+d\right)}{a+b}=1+2.\frac{c+d}{a+b}\)=> \(\frac{c+d}{a+b}=\frac{3-1}{2}=1\)
Từ \(3=\frac{a+b+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c}{d}=\frac{2.\left(a+b\right)+\left(c+d\right)}{c+d}=1+2.\frac{a+b}{c+d}\) => \(\frac{a+b}{c+d}=1\)
Từ \(3=\frac{a+b+c}{d}=\frac{b+c+d}{a}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)+\left(b+c+d\right)}{d+a}=2.\frac{b+c}{d+a}+1\)=> \(\frac{b+c}{d+a}=1\)
Từ \(3=\frac{a+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+d}{c}=\frac{2\left(a+d\right)+\left(b+c\right)}{b+c}=2.\frac{d+a}{b+c}+1\)=> \(\frac{d+a}{b+c}=1\)
Vậy M = 1 + 1+ 1+ 1 = 4
Ta co : \(\frac{2a+b+c+d}{a-1}=\frac{a+2b+c+d}{b-1}=\frac{a+b+2c+d}{c-1}=\frac{a+b+c+2d}{d-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{d}\)
Xet 2 truong hop
TH1:
\(a+b+c+d=0\)\(\Rightarrow a+b=-\left(c+d\right);b+c=-\left(a+d\right);c+d=-\left(a+d\right)\)
Khi do \(M=\left(-1\right).4=-4\)
TH2:
\(a+b+c+d\ne0\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c=d\)
Khi do \(M=1.4=4\)
Vay : M=4 hoac M=-4
**** nhe
\(\frac{2a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+2b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+2c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+d+2d}{d}=\)
\(=\frac{2a+b+c+d+a+2b+c+d+a+b+2c+d+a+b+c+2d}{a+b+c+d}=\)
\(=\frac{5\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}=5\)
Từ \(\frac{a+b+2c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+2d}{d}=\frac{2\left(a+b\right)+3\left(c+d\right)}{c+d}=\)
\(=\frac{2\left(a+b\right)}{c+d}+3=5\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{c+d}=1\)
C/m tương tự có \(\frac{b+c}{d+a}=\frac{c+d}{a+b}=\frac{d+a}{b+c}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{c+d}+\frac{b+c}{d+a}+\frac{c+d}{a+b}+\frac{d+a}{b+c}=4\)