Tìm min của y = \(\dfrac{x^2}{x+1}\) với x >0
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1. 1/x + 2/1-x = (1/x - 1) + (2/1-x - 2) + 3
= 1-x/x + (2-2(1-x))/1-x + 3
= 1-x/x + 2x/1-x + 3 >= 2√2 + 3
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x =√2 - 1
2. a = √z-1, b = √x-2, c = √y-3 (a,b,c >=0)
=> P = √z-1 / z + √x-2 / x + √y-3 / y
= a/a^2+1 + b/b^2+2 + c/c^2+3
a^2+1 >= 2a => a/a^2+1 <= 1/2
b^2+2 >= 2√2 b => b/b^2+2 <= 1/2√2
c^2+3 >= 2√3 c => c/c^2+3 <= 1/2√3
=> P <= 1/2 + 1/2√2 + 1/2√3
Dấu = xảy ra khi a^2 = 1, b^2 = 2, c^2 =3
<=> z-1 = 1, x-2 = 2, y-3 = 3
<=> x=4, y=6, z=2
\(A=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2+2xy}{x-y}=x-y+\dfrac{2xy}{x-y}=x-y+\dfrac{2}{x-y}>=2\sqrt{2}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}}{2}\\y=\dfrac{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\dfrac{2023}{xy+yz+zx}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\dfrac{1}{xy+yz+zx}+\dfrac{1}{xy+yz+zx}+\dfrac{2021}{xy+yz+zx}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{9}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}+\dfrac{2021}{\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}\)\(=9+\dfrac{2021}{\dfrac{1}{3}}=6072\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Ta có:
+) \(xy+yz+zx\le\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\left(\text{Cô si}\right)\)
+) \(\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\dfrac{1}{xy+yz+zx}+\dfrac{1}{xy+yz+zx}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{9}{x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\dfrac{9}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\left(\text{Svácxơ}\right)\)
\(1=\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{2}{y}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}{x+y}=\dfrac{3+2\sqrt{2}}{x+y}\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y\ge3+2\sqrt{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1+\sqrt{2};2+\sqrt{2}\right)\)
\(P=\sum\dfrac{1}{x+y+1}\ge\dfrac{9}{2\left(x+y+z\right)+3}=\dfrac{9}{2.1+3}=\dfrac{9}{5}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(2P=2x^2+8y^2+\dfrac{150}{x}+\dfrac{2}{y}\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{5}x^2+7y^2+\left(\dfrac{3}{5}x^2+\dfrac{75}{x}+\dfrac{75}{x}\right)+\left(y^2+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\)
Ta có: \(\left(5+1\right)\left(x^2+5y^2\right)\ge5\left(x+y\right)^2\Rightarrow\dfrac{7\left(x^2+5y^2\right)}{5}\ge\dfrac{7\left(x+y\right)^2}{6}\ge42\)
\(\Rightarrow2P\ge42+3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{3.75^2.x^2}{5x^2}}+3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{y^2}{y^2}}=90\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge45\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(5;1\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel có:
\(A=\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{2xy}+\dfrac{1}{2xy}\ge\dfrac{4}{x^2+y^2+2xy}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}}=\dfrac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+\dfrac{2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
áp dụng BDT AM-GM
\(=>x+y\ge2\sqrt{xy}=>1\ge2\sqrt{xy}=>\sqrt{xy}\le\dfrac{1}{2}=>xy\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{xy}=\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{2xy}+\dfrac{1}{2xy}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{4}{x^2+2xy+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{2.\dfrac{1}{4}}=\dfrac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+2=4+2=6\)
dấu"=" xảy ra \(< =>x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:
\(x^2+y^2+z^2\geq \frac{(x+y+z)^2}{3}\)
\(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\geq \frac{1}{3}(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z})^2\geq \frac{1}{3}.(\frac{9}{x+y+z})^2=\frac{27}{(x+y+z)^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\geq \frac{(x+y+z)^2}{3}+\frac{27}{(x+y+z)^2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:
\(\frac{(x+y+z)^2}{3}+\frac{1}{3(x+y+z)^2}\geq \frac{2}{3}\)
\(\frac{80}{3(x+y+z)^2}\geq \frac{80}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\geq \frac{2}{3}+\frac{80}{3}=\frac{82}{3}\)
Vậy $P_{\min}=\frac{82}{3}$ khi $x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}$
bài này bạn cho điều kiện sai rồi \(x\ge0;x\ne-1\) mới đúng nha
ta có : \(x^2\ge0\forall x\) và \(x+1\ge1>0\forall x\) \(\Leftrightarrow y=\dfrac{x^2}{x+1}\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Min của \(y=\dfrac{x^2}{x+1}\) là 0 khi \(x^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=0\)
vậy Min của \(y=\dfrac{x^2}{x+1}\) là 0 khi \(x=0\)
Mình ghi sai đề chút xíu. Phải là x > -1