CM:
B=x3 + 6x2 - 19x - 24\(⋮\)6 với mọi x \(\in\) N
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\(\forall x\in N\) ta có
\(B=x^3+6x^2-19x-24=\left(x-3\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x+8\right)\)
- Nếu x chẵn thì \(\left(x+8\right)⋮2\Rightarrow B⋮2\)
- Nếu x lẻ thì \(\left(x-3\right)⋮2\Rightarrow B⋮2\)
Vậy \(B⋮2\)
Lại có \(x-3\equiv x\left(mod3\right)\) và \(x+8\equiv x+2\left(mod3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\left(x-3\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x+8\right)\equiv x\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\) (mod3)
Mặt khác x, x+1, x+2 là 3 số tự nhiên liên tiếp nên ắt tồn tại 1 số chia hết cho 3 \(\Rightarrow\left[x\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\right]⋮3\)
Hay \(B⋮3\)
Ta có \(B⋮2\), \(B⋮3\) mà 2 và 3 là 2 số nguyên tố cùng nhau nên \(B⋮6\)
a) \(3x^2-6xy=3x\left(x-2y\right)\)
b) \(x^3-6x^2+9x=x\left(x^2-6x+9\right)=x\left(x-3\right)^2\)
c) \(=x\left(x-2y\right)-3\left(x-2y\right)=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x-3\right)\)
d) \(=2x\left(3x-5\right)-3\left(3x-5\right)=\left(3x-5\right)\left(2x-3\right)\)
\(a,=3x\left(x-2y\right)\\ b,=x\left(x-3\right)^2\\ c,Sửa:x^2-2xy-3x+6y=x\left(x-2y\right)-3\left(x-2y\right)=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x-3\right)\\ d,=\left(3x-5\right)\left(2x-3\right)\)
a) Ta có: \(x^3+x^2+x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)=0\)
mà \(x^2+1>0\forall x\)
nên x+1=0
hay x=-1
Vậy: S={-1}
b) Ta có: \(x^3-6x^2+11x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-x^2-5x^2+5x+6x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-1\right)-5x\left(x-1\right)+6\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-5x+6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\x-2=0\\x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: S={1;2;3}
c) Ta có: \(x^3-x^2-21x+45=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-3x^2+2x^2-6x-15x+45=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-3\right)+2x\left(x-3\right)-15\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+2x-15\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+5x-3x-15\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2\cdot\left(x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\x+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: S={3;-5}
d) Ta có: \(x^4+2x^3-4x^2-5x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-2x^3+4x^3-8x^2+4x^2-8x+3x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3\left(x-2\right)+4x^2\cdot\left(x-2\right)+4x\left(x-2\right)+3\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^3+4x^2+4x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^3+3x^2+x^2+4x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left[x^2\left(x+3\right)+\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)=0\)
mà \(x^2+x+1>0\forall x\)
nên (x-2)(x+3)=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\x+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: S={2;-3}
a: Ta có: \(\left(3x-2\right)\left(2x-1\right)-\left(6x^2-3x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-1=0\)
hay \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
b: Ta có: \(x^3-\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)=x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-x^3-1=x\)
hay x=-1
c: Ta có: \(56x^4+7x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7x\left(8x^3+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(2x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
d: Ta có: \(x^2-5x-24=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-8\right)\left(x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=8\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)
=(x-2)3
b)\(\left(2-x\right)^3\)
c)\(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^3\)
d)\(\left(\dfrac{x}{2}+y\right)^3\)
e)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x-1-15\right)+25\left[3\left(x-1\right)-5\right]\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x-16\right)+25\left(3x-3-5\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x-16\right)+25\left(3x-8\right)\)
Bài 13:
1: \(A=-x^2+4x+3\)
\(=-\left(x^2-4x-3\right)=-\left(x^2-4x+4-7\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-2\right)^2+7\le7\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=2
2: \(B=-\left(x^2-6x+11\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-3\right)^2-2\le-2\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=3