CMR: \(\frac{a^4+b^4}{2}\)>= ab3 + a3b - a2b2
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\(a^4+b^4-a^3b-ab^3=a^3\left(a-b\right)-b^3\left(a-b\right)=\left(a-b\right)\left(a^3-b^3\right)=\left(a-b\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)=\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\)
Có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\\a^2+ab+b^2>0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4-a^3b-ab^3\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4\ge a^3b+ab^3\)
Áp dụng BĐT cosi với 2 số không âm:
`a^4+b^4+b^4+b^4>=4\root4{a^4b^12}=4|ab^3|>=4ab^3`
Hoàn toàn tương tự:
`b^4+a^4+a^4+a^4>=4a^3b`
`=>a^4+b^4+b^4+b^4+b^4+a^4+a^4+a^4>=4ab^3+4a^3b`
`<=>4(a^4+b^4)>=4(ab^3+a^3b)`
`<=>a^4+b^4>=ab^3+a^3b`
Dấu "=" ko xảy ra ???
\(\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3+b^3}{2}}\le\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(a+b\right)^3}{2}}< \sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(a+b\right)^3}{8}}=\frac{a+b}{2}\)
\(\sqrt[4]{\frac{a^4+b^4}{2}}\ge\sqrt[4]{\frac{\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{2}}{2}}\ge\sqrt[4]{\frac{\left[\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}\right]^2}{4}}=\sqrt[4]{\frac{\left(a+b\right)^4}{16}}=\frac{a+b}{2}\)
\(VT< VP\)
Dấu "=" không xảy ra ?!?
\(\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3+b^3}{2}}\le\frac{a^3+b^3}{2}+1+1=\frac{a^3+b^3+4}{2}\) (theo cô si)
Mặt khác: \(VP>\sqrt[4]{\frac{\frac{\left(a^3+b^3+4\right)^2}{2}}{2}}\ge\sqrt[4]{\frac{\left[\frac{\left(a^3+b^3+4\right)^2}{2}\right]^2}{4}}\)
\(=\sqrt[4]{\frac{\left(a^3+b^3+4\right)^4}{16}}=\frac{a^3+b^3+4}{2}\ge VT\)
Vậy \(VP>VT\)
\(\frac{a^4}{b+c}+\frac{b^4}{c+a}+\frac{c^4}{a+b}=\frac{a^6}{a^2b+a^2c}+\frac{b^6}{b^2a+b^2c}+\frac{c^6}{c^2a+c^2b}\ge\frac{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+ca\left(c+a\right)}\ge\frac{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)^2}{2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)}=\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{2}\)
Ta có BĐT sau:
\(\frac{a^4+b^4}{a^3+b^3}\ge\frac{a+b}{2}\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\left(true\right)\)
Khi đó tương tự ta có nốt \(\frac{b^4+c^4}{b^3+c^3}\ge\frac{b+c}{2};\frac{c^4+a^4}{c^3+a^3}\ge\frac{c+a}{2}\)
Khi đó \(\frac{a^4+b^4}{a^3+b^3}+\frac{b^4+c^4}{b^3+c^3}+\frac{c^4+a^4}{c^3+a^3}\ge\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}=a+b+c\)
Ta dễ chứng minh được
\(\frac{a^4}{a^3+b^3}+\frac{b^4}{b^3+c^3}+\frac{c^4}{c^3+a^3}=\frac{b^4}{a^3+b^3}+\frac{c^4}{b^3+c^3}+\frac{a^4}{a^3+c^3}\)( trừ cái là xong )
Khi đó \(LHS\ge\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
Ta có điều phải chứng minh
Đẳng thức xảy ra tại a=b=c
câu 1.Ta có:
\(\frac{x^2}{x+3y}+\frac{x+3y}{16}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{x+3y}.\frac{x+3y}{16}}=\frac{x}{2}\)
\(\frac{y^2}{y+3x}+\frac{y+3x}{16}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{y^2}{y+3x}.\frac{y+3x}{16}}=\frac{y}{2}\)
\(\frac{x^2}{x+3y}+\frac{y^2}{y+3x}+\frac{x+y+3x+3y}{16}\ge\frac{x+y}{2}\)
\(\frac{x^2}{x+3y}+\frac{y^2}{y+3x}+\frac{1}{4}\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\frac{x^2}{x+3y}+\frac{y^2}{y+3x}\ge\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}=\frac{1}{4}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Câu 2:
điều kiện \(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2=4\)(đúng ko)
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+1}+\frac{a^2+1}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2+1}.\frac{a^2+1}{4}}=1\)
\(\frac{1}{b^2+1}.\frac{b^2+1}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{b^2+1}.\frac{b^2+1}{4}}=1\)
\(\frac{1}{c^2+1}+\frac{c^2+1}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{c^2+1}.\frac{c^2+1}{4}}=1\)
\(\frac{1}{d^2+1}+\frac{d^2+1}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{d^2+1}.\frac{d^2+1}{4}}=1\)
\(\frac{1}{a^2+1}+\frac{1}{b^2+1}+\frac{1}{c^2+1}+\frac{1}{d^2+1}+\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+4}{4}\ge4\)
\(\frac{1}{a^2+1}+\frac{1}{b^2+1}+\frac{1}{c^2+1}+\frac{1}{d^2+1}\ge4-\frac{8}{4}=2\left(đpcm\right)\)
Xét hiệu \(VP-VT=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{4}{a}+\frac{5}{b}+\frac{3}{c}\right)-\left(\frac{3}{a+b}+\frac{2}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)\)
\(=\frac{3a^3b^2+5a^3c^2+3a^2b^3-9a^2b^2c-7a^2bc^2+5a^2c^3+3ab^3c-8ab^2c^2-3abc^3+4b^3c^2+4b^2c^3}{4abc\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
Dễ thấy: \(a;b;c>0\) nên cần chứng minh
\(3a^3b^2+5a^3c^2+3a^2b^3-9a^2b^2c-7a^2bc^2+5a^2c^3+3ab^3c-8ab^2c^2-3abc^3+4b^3c^2+4b^2c^3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}\left(8a^3+5a^2b+3a^2c-4ab^2-4ac^2-b^3+3b^2c+5bc^2+c^3\right)\left(b-c\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(3a^2c-2a^3-5a^2b+4ab^2+4ac^2+7b^3+3b^2c-5bc^2-c^3\right)\left(c-a\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(2a^3+5a^2b-3a^2c+4ab^2+4ac^2+b^3-3b^2c+5bc^2+9c^3\right)\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)
Ta có \(a^4+b^4-2ab^3-2a^3b+2a^2b^2\) =(a2-ab)2+(b2-ab)2\(\ge0\forall a;b\) suy ra
\(\dfrac{a^4+b^4}{2}\ge ab^3+a^3b-a^2b^2\)(đpcm)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
a4+b4 \(\ge\)ab(a+b) (1)
1/2 (a4+b4)\(\ge\)a2b2. (2)
(1) -(2)
=>dpcm