Câu 15. Giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức 𝐴 = 2𝑥2 − 5𝑥 + 7 bằng: A. 7 B. 31 8 C. 21 8 D. 9
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\(7,\\ a,A=x^2-4x+3+11=\left(x-2\right)^2+10\ge10\\ \text{Dấu }"="\Leftrightarrow x=2\\ b,B=-\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)+6=-\left(2x-1\right)^2+6\le6\\ \text{Dấu }"="\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\ c,x-y=2\Leftrightarrow x=y+2\\ \Leftrightarrow B=y^2-3x^2=y^2-3\left(y+2\right)^2\\ \Leftrightarrow B=y^2-3y^2-12y-12=-4y^2-12y-12\\ \Leftrightarrow B=-\left(4y^2+12y+9\right)-3=-\left(2y+3\right)^2-3\le-3\\ \text{Dấu }"="\Leftrightarrow y=-\dfrac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(8,\\ \Leftrightarrow x^3-3x^2+5x+a=\left(x-2\right)\cdot a\left(x\right)\)
Thay \(x=2\Leftrightarrow8-12+10+a=0\Leftrightarrow a=-6\)
Bài 7:
a.
$A=(x-1)(x-3)+11=x^2-4x+3+11=x^2-4x+14$
$=(x^2-4x+4)+10=(x-2)^2+10\geq 10$
Vậy gtnn của $A$ là $10$ khi $x=2$
b.
$B=5-4x^2+4x=6-(4x^2-4x+1)=6-(2x-1)^2\leq 6$
Vậy gtln của $B$ là $6$ khi $2x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}$
c.
$x-y=2\Rightarrow x=y+2$. Khi đó:
$B=y^2-3x^2=y^2-3(y+2)^2=y^2-(3y^2+12y+12)=-2y^2-12y-12$
$=6-2(y^2+6y+9)=6-2(y+3)^2\leq 6$
Vậy $B_{\max}=6$
Bài 8:
Đặt $f(x)=x^3-3x^2+5x+a$
Theo định lý Bê-du, để $f(x)\vdots x-2$ thì $f(2)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow 6+a=0$
$\Leftrightarrow a=-6$
Có : A >= 0 + 8 = 8
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> 1-x=0 <=> x=1
Vậy GTNN của A = 8 <=> x=1
Có : B < = 15 - 0 = 15
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x-7=0 <=> x=7
Vậy GTLN của B = 15 <=> x=7
Tk mk nha
a) A=|1-x|+8
=> A-8=|1-x|
=> Để |1-x| có giá trị nhỏ nhất thì A-8=0
=> 1-x =0 => -x=0-1 => -x= -1 => x=1
=> giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức A là:
|1-1|+8=0+8=8
Vậy giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức A là 8
\(a,\frac{15}{34}+\frac{7}{21}+\frac{19}{34}-\frac{20}{15}+\frac{3}{7}\)
\(=>\left(\frac{15}{34}+\frac{19}{34}\right)+\left(\frac{7}{21}+\frac{3}{7}\right)-\frac{20}{15}\)
\(=>1+\frac{16}{21}-\frac{20}{15}\)
\(=>\frac{37}{21}-\frac{20}{15}\)
\(=>\frac{3}{7}\)
\(b,12-8\cdot\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^3\)
\(=>12-8\cdot\frac{27}{8}\)
\(=>12-27\)
\(=>-15\)
\(c,\left(\frac{1}{9}\right)^{2005}\cdot9^{2005}-96^2:24^2\)
\(=>\left(\frac{1^{2005}^{ }}{9^{2005}}\cdot9^{2005}\right)-\left(96^2:24^2\right)\)
\(=>\left(1^{2005}\right)-16\)
\(=>1-16\)
\(=>-15\)
\(5,M=a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\\ M=\left(a+b\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-3ab\right]\\ M=1\left(1-3ab\right)=1-3ab\ge1-\dfrac{3\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}=1-\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{1}{4}\\ M_{min}=\dfrac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Câu 5:
\(a+b=1\Rightarrow a=1-b\)
\(M=a^3+b^3=\left(1-b\right)^3+b^3=1-3b+3b^2-b^3+b^3\)
\(=1-3b+3b^2=3\left(b^2-b+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}=3\left(b-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(minM=\dfrac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Câu 7:
\(a^3+b^3+abc\ge ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+abc-ab\left(a+b+c\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3-a^2b-ab^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2\left(a-b\right)-b^2\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a+b\right)\ge0\)(đúng do a,b dương)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
5.
Với mọi a;b ta có: \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow a^2+b^2\ge2ab\Rightarrow2a^2+2b^2\ge a^2+b^2+2ab\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\Rightarrow a^2+b^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(M=a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2-ab\right)=a^2+b^2-ab\)
\(M=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(a^2+b^2\right)-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(a^2+b^2\right)-\dfrac{1}{2}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}.\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(M_{min}=\dfrac{1}{4}\) khi \(a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
6.
Do \(a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)=2>0\)
Mà \(a^2-ab+b^2>0\Rightarrow a+b>0\)
Mặt khác với mọi a;b ta có:
\(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow a^2+b^2\ge2ab\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+2ab\ge4ab\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\Rightarrow ab\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2\) \(\Rightarrow-ab\ge-\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2\)
Từ đó:
\(2=a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^3-3.\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2\left(a+b\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3\le8\Rightarrow a+b\le2\)
\(N_{max}=2\) khi \(a=b=1\)
`5`
`a, -7/21 +(1+1/3)`
`=-7/21 + ( 3/3 + 1/3)`
`=-7/21+ 4/3`
`=-7/21+ 28/21`
`= 21/21`
`=1`
`b, 2/15 + ( 5/9 + (-6)/9)`
`= 2/15 + (-1/9)`
`= 1/45`
`c, (9-1/5+3/12) +(-3/4)`
`= ( 45/5-1/5 + 3/12)+(-3/4)`
`= ( 44/5 + 3/12)+(-3/4)`
`= 9,05 +(-0,75)`
`=8,3`
`6`
`x+7/8 =13/12`
`=>x= 13/12 -7/8`
`=>x=5/24`
`-------`
`-(-6)/12 -x=9/48`
`=> 6/12 -x=9/48`
`=>x= 6/12-9/48`
`=>x=5/16`
`---------`
`x+4/6 =5/25 -(-7)/15`
`=>x+4/6 =1/5 + 7/15`
`=> x+ 4/6=10/15`
`=>x=10/15 -4/6`
`=>x=0`
`----------`
`x+4/5 = 6/20 -(-7)/3`
`=>x+4/5 = 6/20 +7/3`
`=>x+4/5 = 79/30`
`=>x=79/30 -4/5`
`=>x= 79/30-24/30`
`=>x= 55/30`
`=>x= 11/6`
\(5)\)
\(A=\dfrac{-7}{21}+\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\)
\(A=\dfrac{-7}{21}+\dfrac{4}{3}\)
\(A=\dfrac{-7}{21}+\dfrac{28}{21}\)
\(A=1\)
\(--------------\)
\(B=\dfrac{2}{15}+\left(\dfrac{5}{9}+\dfrac{-6}{9}\right)\)
\(B=\dfrac{2}{15}+\dfrac{-1}{9}\)
\(B=\dfrac{18}{135}+\dfrac{-15}{135}\)
\(B=\dfrac{1}{45}\)
\(------------\)
\(C=9-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{3}{12}+\dfrac{-3}{4}\)
\(C=\dfrac{44}{5}+\dfrac{3}{12}+\dfrac{-3}{4}\)
\(C=\dfrac{528}{60}+\dfrac{15}{60}+\dfrac{-3}{4}\)
\(C=\dfrac{181}{20}+\dfrac{-3}{4}\)
\(C=\dfrac{181}{20}+\dfrac{-15}{20}\)
\(C=\dfrac{83}{10}\)
\(6)\)
\(a)\) \(x+\dfrac{7}{8}=\dfrac{13}{12}\)
\(x=\dfrac{13}{12}-\dfrac{7}{8}\)
\(x=\dfrac{104}{96}-\dfrac{84}{96}\)
\(x=\dfrac{5}{24}\)
\(b)\) \(\dfrac{-6}{12}-x=\dfrac{9}{48}\)
\(\dfrac{-1}{2}-x=\dfrac{3}{16}\)
\(x=\dfrac{-1}{2}-\dfrac{3}{16}\)
\(x=\dfrac{-8}{16}-\dfrac{3}{16}\)
\(x=\dfrac{-11}{16}\)
\(c)\) \(x+\dfrac{4}{6}=\dfrac{5}{25}-\left(-\dfrac{7}{15}\right)\)
\(x+\dfrac{4}{6}=\dfrac{5}{25}+\dfrac{7}{15}\)
\(x+\dfrac{4}{6}=\dfrac{75}{375}+\dfrac{105}{375}\)
\(x+\dfrac{4}{6}=\dfrac{12}{25}\)
\(x=\dfrac{12}{25}-\dfrac{4}{6}\)
\(x=\dfrac{72}{150}-\dfrac{100}{150}\)
\(x=\dfrac{-14}{75}\)
\(d)\) \(x+\dfrac{4}{5}=\dfrac{6}{20}-\left(-\dfrac{7}{3}\right)\)
\(x+\dfrac{4}{5}=\dfrac{6}{20}+\dfrac{7}{3}\)
\(x+\dfrac{4}{5}=\dfrac{18}{60}+\dfrac{140}{60}\)
\(x+\dfrac{4}{5}=\dfrac{79}{30}\)
\(x=\dfrac{79}{30}-\dfrac{4}{5}\)
\(x=\dfrac{79}{30}-\dfrac{24}{30}\)
\(x=\dfrac{11}{6}\)
A=2(x^2-2.5/4x+25/16)-50/16+7
A=2(x-√10/5)^2+31/8
Vì(x-√10/5)^2>=0 với mọi x
=>A>=31/8
Chọn B
\(2x^2-5x+7=2\left(x^2-\dfrac{5}{2}x+\dfrac{25}{16}\right)-\dfrac{25}{8}+7=2\left(x-\dfrac{5}{4}\right)^2-\dfrac{25}{8}+7\ge\dfrac{31}{8}\)
ĐTXR⇔\(x=\dfrac{5}{4}\)
Vậy minA =\(\dfrac{31}{8}\)khi x=\(\dfrac{5}{4}\)
Đáp án: \(B:\dfrac{31}{8}\)