phân tích đa thức sau thành nhân tử
2, 8x mũ 2y - 8y
3, 24x mũ 3 - 3
4, 4x mũ 2 - 4y mũ 2
5, x mũ 5 + 27x mũ 2
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7, 4x mũ 2 - 12x + 9 - y mũ 2 = -(y-2x+3) (y+2x-3)
8, 16x mũ 2 - 4y mũ 2 + 4y - 1 = -(2y - 4x - 1) (2y+4x-1)
9, 25 - x mũ 2 - 12x - 36 = -(x+1) (x+11)
10, x mũ 2 - 9 - 5 ( x + 3 ) = (x-8) (x+3)
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Câu hỏi của Phạm Đỗ Bảo Ngọc - Toán lớp 8 - Học trực tuyến OLM
a)\(6x-9-x^2\)
\(=-\left(x^2+6x+9\right)\)
\(=-\left(x+3\right)^2\)
b)\(x^2+4y^2+4xy\)
\(=\left(x+2y\right)^2\)
c)\(x^2+8x+16\)
\(=\left(x+4\right)^2\)
d)\(9x^2-12xy+4y^2\)
\(=\left(3x-2y\right)^2\)
e)\(-25x^2y^2+10xy-1\)
\(=-\left(25x^2y^2-10xy+1\right)\)
\(=-\left(5xy-1\right)^2\)
f)\(4x^2-4x+1\)
\(=\left(2x-1\right)^2\)
j)\(x^2+6x+9\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^2\)
h)\(9x^2-6x+1\)
\(=\left(3x-1\right)^2\)
#H
a, 6x - 9 - x2 = - x2 + 6x - 9 = - (x2 - 6x + 9) = - (x - 3)2
b, x2 + 4y2 + 4xy = x2 + 2. x . 2y + (2y)2 = (x + 2y)2
c, x2 + 8x + 16 = x2 + 2 . x . 4 + 42 = (x + 4)2
d, 9x2 - 12xy + 4y2 = (3x)2 - 2 . 3x . 2y + (2y)2 = (3x - 2y)2
e, - 25x2y2 + 10xy - 1 = - (25x2y2 - 10xy + 1) = - [(5xy)2 - 2 . 5xy + 1] = - (5xy - 1)2
f, 4x2 - 4x + 1 = (2x)2 - 2 . 2x + 1 = (2x - 1)2
j, x2 + 6x + 9 = x2 + 2 . x . 3 + 32 = (x + 3)2
h, 9x2 - 6x + 1 = (3x)2 - 2 . 3x + 1 = (3x - 1)2
a)x²−2x−4y²−4ya)x²-2x-4y²-4y
=x²−2x−4y²−4y+2xy−2xy=x²-2x-4y²-4y+2xy-2xy
=(x²−2xy−2x)+(2xy−4y²−4y)=(x²-2xy-2x)+(2xy-4y²-4y)
=x(x−2y−2)+2y(x−2y−2)=x(x-2y-2)+2y(x-2y-2)
=(x+2y)(x−2y−2)=(x+2y)(x-2y-2)
b)x4+2x³−4x−4b)x4+2x³-4x-4
=x4+2x³+2x²−2x²−4x−4=x4+2x³+2x²-2x²-4x-4
=(x4+2x³+2x²)−(2x²+4x+4)=(x4+2x³+2x²)-(2x²+4x+4)
=x²(x²+2x+2)−2(x²+2x+2)=x²(x²+2x+2)-2(x²+2x+2)
=(x²−2)(x²+2x+2)=(x²-2)(x²+2x+2)
c)x³+2x²y−x−2yc)x³+2x²y-x-2y
=x²(x+2y)−(x+2y)=x²(x+2y)-(x+2y)
=(x²−1)(x+2y)=(x²-1)(x+2y)
=(x+1)(x−1)(x+2y)=(x+1)(x-1)(x+2y)
d)3x²−3y²−2(x−y)²d)3x²-3y²-2(x-y)²
=3(x²−y²)−2(x−y)²=3(x²-y²)-2(x-y)²
=3(x+y)(x−y)−2(x−y)²=3(x+y)(x-y)-2(x-y)²
=(x−y)[3(x+y)−2(x−y)]=(x-y)[3(x+y)-2(x-y)]
=(x−y)(3x+3y−2x+2y)=(x-y)(3x+3y-2x+2y)
=(x−y)(x+5y)=(x-y)(x+5y)
e)x³−4x²−9x+36e)x³-4x²-9x+36
=(x³−4x²)−(9x−36)=(x³-4x²)-(9x-36)
=x²(x−4)−9(x−4)=x²(x-4)-9(x-4)
=(x−4)(x²−9)=(x-4)(x²-9)
=(x−4)(x²−3²)=(x-4)(x²-3²)
=(x−4)(x+3)(x−3)=(x-4)(x+3)(x-3)
f)x²−y²−2x−2yf)x²-y²-2x-2y
=(x²−y²)−(2x+2y)=(x²-y²)-(2x+2y)
=(x+y)(x−y)−2(x+y)=(x+y)(x-y)-2(x+y)
=(x+y)(x−y−2)
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k đi
6, x mũ 4 - 4x mũ 3 - 8x mũ 2 + 8x =x (x+2) (x^2-6x+4)
8, x mũ 4 + 2x mũ 3 + x mũ 2 - y mũ 2 = -(y-x^2-x) (y+x^2+x)
10, 4x mũ 2 ( x + y ) -x - y = (2x-1) (2x+1) (y+x)
Trả lời:
5, x2 - y2 + 4x + 4
= ( x2 + 4x + 4 ) - y2
= ( x + 2 )2 - y2
= ( x + 2 - y ) ( x + 2 + y )
6, x2 + 2x - 4y2 - 4y
= ( x2 - 4y2 ) + ( 2x - 4y )
= ( x - 2y ) ( x + 2y ) + 2 ( x - 2y )
= ( x - 2y ) ( x + 2y + 2 )
7, 3x2 - 4y + 4x - 3y2
= ( 3x2 - 3y2 ) + ( 4x - 4y )
= 3 ( x2 - y2 ) + 4 ( x - y )
= 3 ( x - y ) ( x + y ) + 4 ( x - y )
= ( x - y ) [ 3 ( x + y ) + 4 ]
= ( x - y ) ( 3x + 3y + 4 )
8, x4 - 6x3 + 54x - 81
= ( x4 - 81 ) - ( 6x3 - 54x )
= ( x2 - 9 ) ( x2 + 9 ) - 6x ( x2 - 9 )
= ( x2 - 9 ) ( x2 + 9 - 6x )
= ( x - 3 ) ( x + 3 ) ( x - 3 )2
= ( x - 3 )3 ( x + 3 )
a, \(x^2-y^2+4x+4=\left(x+2\right)^2-y^2=\left(x+2-y\right)\left(x+2+y\right)\)
b, \(x^2+2x-4y^2-4y=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)+2\left(x-2y\right)=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2+2y\right)\)
c, \(3x^2-4y+4x-3y^2=3\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-4\left(y-x\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(3x+3y+4\right)\)
d, \(x^4-6x^3+54x-81=\left(x^2+9\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)-6x\left(x^2-9\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-6x+9\right)=\left(x-3\right)^3\left(x+3\right)\)
6, \(x^2-1+2xy+y^2=\left(x+y\right)^2-1=\left(x+y-1\right)\left(x+y+1\right)\)
7, \(4x^2-12x+9-y^2=\left(2x-3\right)^2-y^2=\left(2x-3-y\right)\left(2x-3+y\right)\)
8, \(16x^2-4y^2+4y-1=16x^2-\left(2y-1\right)^2=\left(4x-2y+1\right)\left(4x+2y-1\right)\)
9, \(25-x^2-12x-36=25-\left(x+6\right)^2=\left(5-x-6\right)\left(5+x+5\right)=-\left(x+1\right)\left(x+10\right)\)
10, \(x^2-9-5\left(x+3\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)-5\left(x+3\right)=\left(x+3\right)\left(x-8\right)\)
a, \(x^2-4-3\left(x-2\right)=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)-3\left(x-2\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
b, \(x^2-xy+5y-25=\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)-y\left(x-5\right)=\left(x+5-y\right)\left(x-5\right)\)
c, \(x^3+x^2-2x-8=\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+2x+4\right)+x\left(x-2\right)=\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+3x+4\right)\)
d, \(x^3-4x^2-8x+8=\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)-4x\left(x+2\right)=\left(x^2-6x+4\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
Trả lời:
1, x2 - 4 - 3 ( x - 2 )
= ( x2 - 4 ) - 3 ( x - 2 )
= ( x - 2 ) ( x + 2 ) - 3 ( x - 2 )
= ( x - 2 ) ( x + 2 - 3 )
= ( x - 2 ) ( x - 1 )
2, x2 - xy + 5y - 25
= ( x2 - 25 ) - ( xy - 5y )
= ( x - 5 ) ( x + 5 ) - y ( x - 5 )
= ( x - 5 ) ( x + 5 - y )
3, x3 + x2 - 2x - 8
= ( x3 - 8 ) + ( x2 - 2x )
= ( x - 2 ) ( x2 + 2x + 4 ) + x ( x - 2 )
= ( x - 2 ) ( x2 + 2x + 4 + x )
= ( x - 2 ) ( x2 + 3x + 4 )
4, x3 - 4x2 - 8x + 8
= ( x3 + 8 ) - ( 4x2 + 8x )
= ( x + 2 ) ( x2 - 2x + 4 ) - 4x ( x + 2 )
= ( x + 2 ) ( x2 - 2x + 4 - 4x )
= ( x + 2 ) ( x2 - 6x + 4 )
Trả lời:
2, 8x2y - 8y = 8y ( x2 - 1 ) = 8y ( x - 1 )( x + 1 )
3, 24x3 - 3 = 3 ( 8x3 - 1 ) = 3 ( 2x - 1 )( 4x2 + 2x + 1 )
4, 4x2 - 4y2 = ( 2x )2 - ( 2y )2 = ( 2x - 2y )( 2x + 2y )
5, x5 + 27x2 = x2 ( x3 + 27 ) = x2 ( x + 3 )( x2 - 3x + 9 )