2,7g Al tác dụng 14,6g HCl @ chất nào dư , khối lượng dư b khối lượng AlCl3 tạo thành
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2Al+6HCl----->2AlCl3+3H2
nAl=2,7/27=0,1 mol
cứ 2mol Al------> 2 mol AlCl3
0,1mol ----->0,1 mol
mAlCl3=0,1.133,5=13.35g
H%=80%------->mAlCl3 thực tế thu được =13,35.80/100=10,68g
n Al = 2,7/27 =0,1 mol
2Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,1 ---> 0,1
ADCT : H% =80% ----> m AlCl3 tạo thành = (m AlCl3 thực tế . H% ) / 100
hay m AlCl3 = ((0,1.133,5) .80 ) / 100 =10,68 %
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}< \dfrac{0,4}{6}\) => Al hết, HCl dư
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,1--->0,3------>0,1---->0,15
=> mHCl = (0,4 - 0,3).36,5 = 3,65 (g)
b) VH2 = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36 (l)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m_{Al}}{M_{Al}}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1mol\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{m_{HCl}}{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4mol\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,1 < 0,4 ( mol )
0,1 0,3 0,15 ( mol )
a. Chất còn dư là HCl
\(m_{HCl}=n_{HCl}.M_{HCl}=\left(0,4-0,3\right).36,5=3,65g\)
\(V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,15.22,4=3,36l\)
a) nAl=2,7/27=0,1(mol)
PTHH: 2Al + 6 HCl -> 2 AlCl3 + 3H2
0,1_________0,3___0,1_____0,15(mol)
b) mHCl=0,3.36,5=10,95(g)
c) mAlCl3=0,1.133,5=13,35(g)
d) V(H2,đktc)=0,15.22,4=3,36(l)
a)
Ta có : \(n_{Al} = \dfrac{2,7}{27} = 0,1(mol)\)
\(2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2\)
Theo PTHH :
\(n_{AlCl_3} = n_{Al} = 0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3} = 0,1.133,5 = 13,35(gam)\)
b)
\(n_{H_2} = 1,5n_{Al} = 0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2} = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36(lít)\)
PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\)→\(2AlCl_3+6H_2\)
+\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
+\(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
+\(m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35\left(gam\right)\)
+\(n_{H_2}=3n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
+\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ a,m_{AlCl_3}=133,5.0,1=13,35\left(g\right)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,1=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ b,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\ c,n_{HCl}=\dfrac{6}{2}.0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ c,C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1(mol)\\ PTHH:2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ a,n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,3.36,5=10,95(g)\\ b,n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35(g)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1mol\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 < 0,4 ( mol )
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1 ( mol )
Chất dư là HCl
\(m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,4-0,2\right).36,5=7,3g\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\)
\(m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7g\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
\(LTL:\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{1}\)
=> H2SO4 d
\(n_{H_2SO_4\left(pu\right)}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
m_{H_2SO_4\left(d\right)}=\left(0,4-0,1\right).98=29,4g\)
\(n_{H_2}=n_{FeSO_4}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\\
m_{FeSO_4}=0,1.152=15,2g\)
a. \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : Al2O3 + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
0,1 0,6 0,2 ( mol )
\(m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)
b.
PTHH : 3O2 + 4Al -> 2Al2O3
0,15 0,1 ( mol)
\(V_{O_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
a. \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : Al2O3 + 3HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
0,1 0,3 0,2 ( mol )
\(m_{HCl}=0,3.36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)
b.
PTHH : 3O2 + 4Al -> 2Al2O3
0,15 0,1 ( mol)
\(V_{O_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
a) nHCl=14,6/36,5=0,4(mol); nAl=2,7/27=0,1(mol)
PTHH: 2 Al + 6 HCl -> 2 AlCl3 +3 H2
Ta có: 0,1/2 < 0,4/6
=>Al hết, HCl dư, tính theo nAl
nHCl(dư)= 0,4- 0,1.6/2=0,1(mol)
=>mHCl(dư)=0,1.36,5=3,65(g)
b) nAlCl3=nAl=0,1(mol)
=> mAlCl3=133,5.0,1=13,35(g)