Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử :
a) 3x - 6√x - 6
b) x+4√x + 3
c) x -5√x -6
d) x +5√x - 14
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Lời giải:
a.
\(-16a^4b^6-24a^5b^5-9a^6b^4=-[(4a^2b^3)^2+2.(4a^2b^3).(3a^3b^2)+(3a^3b^2)^2]\)
\(=-(4a^2b^3+3a^3b^2)^2=-[a^2b^2(4b+3a)]^2\)
\(=-a^4b^4(3a+4b)^2\)
b.
$x^3-6x^2y+12xy^2-8x^3$
$=x^3-3.x^2.2y+3.x(2y)^2-(2y)^3=(x-2y)^3$
c.
$x^3+\frac{3}{2}x^2+\frac{3}{4}x+\frac{1}{8}$
$=x^3+3.x^2.\frac{1}{2}+3.x.\frac{1}{2^2}+(\frac{1}{2})^3$
$=(x+\frac{1}{2})^3$
a) Ta có: \(-16a^4b^6-24a^5b^5-9a^6b^4\)
\(=-a^4b^4\left(16b^2+24ab+9a^2\right)\)
\(=-a^4b^4\cdot\left(4b+3a\right)^2\)
b) Ta có: \(x^3-6x^2y+12xy^2-8y^3\)
\(=x^3-3\cdot x^2\cdot2y+3\cdot x\cdot\left(2y\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)^3\)
c) Ta có: \(x^3+\dfrac{3}{2}x^2+\dfrac{3}{4}x+\dfrac{1}{8}\)
\(=x^3+3\cdot x^2\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+3\cdot x\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3\)
\(4\left(x+5\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x+10\right)\left(x+12\right)-3x^2\)
\(=4\left[\left(x+5\right)\left(x+12\right)\right]\left[\left(x+6\right)\left(x+10\right)\right]-3x^2\)
\(=4\left(x^2+17x+60\right)\left(x^2+16x+60\right)-3x^2\)
\(=\left(2x^2+34x+120\right)\left(2x^2+32x+60\right)-3x^2\)
\(=\left(2x^2+33x+120\right)^2-x^2-3x^2\)
\(=\left(2x^2+33x+120-2x\right)\left(2x^2+33x+120+2x\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+15\right)\left(x+8\right)\left(2x^2+35x+120\right)\)
\(4\left(x+5\right)\left(x+12\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x+10\right)-3x^2\)
\(=2\left(x^2+60+17x\right).2\left(x^2+60+16x\right)-3x^2\)
\(=\left(2x^2+120+33x+x\right)\left(2x^2+120+33x-x\right)-3x^2\)
\(=\left(2x^2+120+33x\right)^2-x^2-3x^2\)
\(=\left(2x^2+120+33x\right)^2-4x^2\)
\(=\left(2x^2+120+33x+2x\right)\left(2x^2+120+33x-2x\right)\)
\(=\left(2x^2+35x+120\right)\left(2x^2+31x+120\right)\)
\(=\left(2x^2+35x+120\right)\left(x+8\right)\left(2x+15\right)\)
a) đề thế này\(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)-24\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x+10\right)\left(x^2+7x+12\right)-24\)(1)
Đặt \(x^2+7x+11=t\)vào (1) ta được:
\(\left(t-1\right)\left(t+1\right)-24\)
\(=t^2-1-24\)
\(=t^2-25\)
\(=\left(t-5\right)\left(t+5\right)\)Thay \(t=x^2+7x+11\)ta được:
\(\left(x^2+7x+11-5\right)\left(x^2+7x+11+5\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x+6\right)\left(x^2+7x+16\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+6x+6\right)\left(x^2+7x+16\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x^2+7x+16\right)\)
b) Phân tích sẵn rồi còn phân tích gì nưa=))
\(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)-24\)( Làm đề theo Lê Tài Bảo Châu )
\(=\left[\left(x+2\right)\left(x+5\right)\right]\left[\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\right]-24\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x+10\right)\left(x^2+7x+12\right)-24\)
\(=\left[\left(x^2+7x+11\right)-1\right]\left[\left(x^2+7x+11\right)+1\right]-24\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x+11\right)^2-1-24\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x+11\right)^2-25\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x+11-5\right)\left(x^2+7x+11+5\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x+6\right)\left(x^2+7x+16\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+6x+6\right)\left(x^2+7x+16\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x^2+7x+16\right)\)
a: \(2y\left(x+2\right)-3x-6\)
\(=2y\left(x+2\right)-3\left(x+2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(2y-3\right)\)
b: \(3\left(x+4\right)-x^2-4x\)
\(=3\left(x+4\right)-\left(x^2+4x\right)\)
\(=3\left(x+4\right)-x\left(x+4\right)\)
\(=\left(x+4\right)\left(3-x\right)\)
c: \(2\left(x+5\right)-x^2-4x\)
\(=2x+10-x^2-4x\)
\(=-x^2-2x+10\)
\(=-x^2-2x-1+11\)
\(=11-\left(x^2+2x+1\right)\)
\(=11-\left(x+1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{11}-x-1\right)\left(\sqrt{11}+x+1\right)\)
d: \(x^2+6x-3x-18\)
\(=\left(x^2+6x\right)-\left(3x+18\right)\)
\(=x\left(x+6\right)-3\left(x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x+6\right)\left(x-3\right)\)
4( x+5) ( x+6) (x+10) ( x+12) -3x2
=4(x+5)(x+12)(x+6)(x+10)-3x2
=4.(x2+17x+60)(x2+16x+60)-3x2
Đặt t=x2+16x+60 ta được:
4.(t+x).t-3x2
=4t2+4tx-3x2
=4t2-2tx+6tx-3x2
=2t.(2t-x)+3x.(2t-x)
=(2t-x)(2t+3x)
thay t=x2+16x+60 ta được:
[2.(x2+16x+ 60)-x][2.(x2+16x+60)+3x]
=(2x2+32x+120-x)(2x2+32x+120+3x)
=(2x2+31x+120)(2x2+35x+120)
=(2x2+16x+15x+120)(2x2+35x+120)
=[2x.(x+8)+15.(x+8)](2x2+35x+120)
=(x+8)(2x+15)(2x2+35x+120)
4( x+5) ( x+6) (x+10) ( x+12) -3x 2
=4(x+5)(x+12)(x+6)(x+10)-3x 2
=4.(x 2+17x+60)(x 2+16x+60)-3x 2
Đặt t=x 2+16x+60 ta được: 4.(t+x).t-3x 2
=4t 2+4tx-3x 2
=4t 2 -2tx+6tx-3x 2
=2t.(2t-x)+3x.(2t-x)
=(2t-x)(2t+3x)
thay t=x 2+16x+60 ta được: [2.(x 2+16x+ 60)-x][2.(x 2+16x+60)+3x]
=(2x 2+32x+120-x)(2x 2+32x+120+3x)
=(2x 2+31x+120)(2x 2+35x+120)
=(2x 2+16x+15x+120)(2x 2+35x+120)
=[2x.(x+8)+15.(x+8)](2x 2+35x+120)
=(x+8)(2x+15)(2x 2+35x+120)
a, \(x^2-6=x^2-\sqrt{6^2}=\left(x-\sqrt{6}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{6}\right)\)
b, \(x^2+2\sqrt{3}x+3=x^2+2\sqrt{3}x+\sqrt{3}=\left(x+\sqrt{3}\right)^2=\left(x+\sqrt{3}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{3}\right)\)
c, \(x^2-2\sqrt{5}x+5=x^2-2\sqrt{5}x+\sqrt{5}=\left(x-\sqrt{5}\right)^2=\left(x-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(x-\sqrt{5}\right)\)
a,3x-6\(\sqrt{x}\)-6
=2(x-3\(\sqrt{x}\)-3)
=2(x-2\(\sqrt{x}\).\(\frac{3}{2}\)+\(\frac{9}{4}\)-\(\frac{21}{4}\))
=2[(x-\(\frac{3}{2}\))2-\(\frac{21}{4}\)]
2(x-\(\frac{3+\sqrt{21}}{2}\))(x-\(\frac{3-\sqrt{21}}{2}\))
b,x+4\(\sqrt{x}\)+3
=x+3\(\sqrt{x}\)+\(\sqrt{x}\)+3
=\(\sqrt{x}\)(\(\sqrt{x}\)+3) +(\(\sqrt{x}\)+3)
=(\(\sqrt{x}\)+1)(\(\sqrt{x}\)+3)
c,x-5\(\sqrt{x}\)-6
=x-6\(\sqrt{x}\)+\(\sqrt{x}\)-6
=\(\sqrt{x}\)(\(\sqrt{x}\)-6)+(\(\sqrt{x}\)-6)
=(\(\sqrt{x}\)+1)(\(\sqrt{x}\)-6)
d,x+5\(\sqrt{x}\)-14
=x+7\(\sqrt{x}\)-2\(\sqrt{x}\)-14
=\(\sqrt{x}\)(\(\sqrt{x}\)+7)-2(\(\sqrt{x}\)+7)
=(\(\sqrt{x}\)-2)(\(\sqrt{x}\)+7)