Cho a,b,c>0 và abc=1
CMR \(1+\frac{3}{a+b+c}\ge\frac{6}{ab+bc+ca}\)
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Đặt \(a=\frac{1}{x},b=\frac{1}{y},c=\frac{1}{z}\),xyz=1
Cần CM: \(1+\frac{3}{\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}}\ge\frac{6}{\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+\frac{3}{xy+yz+zx}\ge\frac{6}{x+y+z}\)
Thật vậy \(1+\frac{3}{xy+yz+zx}\ge1+\frac{9}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{9}{x+y+z}}=\frac{6}{x+y+z}\)(đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
Lời giải:
Ta thấy:
\(\text{VT}=(a+\frac{ca}{a+b})+(b+\frac{ab}{b+c})+(c+\frac{bc}{c+a})\)
\(=\frac{a(a+b+c)}{a+b}+\frac{b(a+b+c)}{b+c}+\frac{c(a+b+c)}{c+a}\)
\(=(a+b+c)\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}\right)\)
\(\geq (a+b+c).\frac{(a+b+c)^2}{a^2+ab+b^2+bc+c^2+ac}=\frac{(a+b+c)^3}{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ac}\) (theo BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz)
Có:
$(a+b+c)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2(ab+bc+ac)=a^2+b^2+c^2+2$
$\Rightarrow a+b+c=\sqrt{a^2+b^2+c^2+2}=\sqrt{t+2}$ với $t=a^2+b^2+c^2$
Do đó:
$\text{VT}\geq \frac{\sqrt{(t+2)^3}}{t+1}$ \(=\sqrt{\frac{(t+2)^3}{(t+1)^2}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\((t+2)^3=\left(\frac{t+1}{2}+\frac{t+1}{2}+1\right)^3\geq 27.\frac{(t+1)^2}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}=\sqrt{\frac{(t+2)^3}{(t+1)^2}}\geq \sqrt{\frac{27}{4}}=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}$
4.
\(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}=\frac{a^4}{ab}+\frac{b^4}{bc}+\frac{c^4}{ac}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{ab+bc+ca}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}\ge\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}=ab+bc+ca\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
5.
\(\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{b}{ca}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{bc.ca}}=\frac{2}{c}\) ; \(\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{c}{ab}\ge\frac{2}{b}\) ; \(\frac{b}{ca}+\frac{c}{ab}\ge\frac{2}{a}\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(2\left(\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{b}{ca}+\frac{c}{ab}\right)\ge2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{b}{ca}+\frac{c}{ab}\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
1.
Áp dụng BĐT \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{ab}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{bc}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{ca}\right)^2\ge\sqrt{ab}.\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ab}.\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{bc}.\sqrt{ac}\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca\ge\sqrt{abc}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
2.
\(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}\ge2\sqrt[]{\frac{ab.bc}{ca}}=2b\) ; \(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{ac}{b}\ge2a\) ; \(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}\ge2c\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(2\left(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}\right)\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}\ge a+b+c\)
3.
Từ câu b, thay \(c=1\) ta được:
\(ab+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{a}{b}\ge a+b+1\)
ĐK : \(x\in N\left|x\inℕ^∗\right|min=1\)
\(\frac{a^2b}{ab^2+1}+\frac{b^2c}{bc^2+1}+\frac{c^2a}{ca^2+1}\ge\frac{3abc}{1+abc}\)
\(\frac{1^2.1}{1.1^2+1}+\frac{1^2.1}{1.1^2+1}+\frac{1^2.1}{1.1^2+1}\ge\frac{3.1.1.1}{1+1.1.1}\)
\(\frac{2}{2}+\frac{2}{2}+\frac{2}{2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(3\ne\frac{3}{2}\)(đpcm)
Ta có: \(ab+bc+ca+\frac{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{a+b+c}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{a+b+c}}\)
Lại có: \(\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\ge3abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca+\frac{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{a+b+c}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{3.3abc\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}}=6\)
\(\Rightarrow1+\frac{3}{a+b+c}\ge\frac{6}{ab+bc+ca}\)(đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
Đặt \(a+b+c=p;ab+bc+ca=q;abc=r\). Khi đó r = 1 và ta cần chứng minh \(1+\frac{3}{p}\ge\frac{6}{q}\)
Ta có: \(q^2\ge3pr=3p\Rightarrow p\le\frac{q^2}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow1+\frac{3}{p}\ge1+\frac{9}{q^2}\)
Đến đây, ta cần chứng minh \(1+\frac{9}{q^2}\ge\frac{6}{q}\Leftrightarrow\left(q-3\right)^2\ge0\)(Đúng)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1