Cho 2 biểu thức: B=\(\frac{x+2\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{x}-2}\) - 1 và A=\(\frac{2}{x-1}\)với x\(\ge\)0 ; x \(\ne\)1
1/ Tính giá trị của A khi x=\(\sqrt{2}\)
2/ Rút gọn biểu thức B.
3/ Tìm giá trị lớn nhất của biểu thức P = \(\frac{A}{B}\)
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Bài 1:
Thay x=9 vào biểu thức \(A=\frac{2\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}+2}\), ta được:
\(\frac{2\cdot\sqrt{9}+1}{\sqrt{9}+2}=\frac{2\cdot3+1}{3+2}=\frac{7}{5}\)
Vậy: \(\frac{7}{5}\) là giá trị của biểu thức \(A=\frac{2\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}+2}\) tại x=9
Bài 2:
a) Ta có: \(B=\left(\frac{x+14\sqrt{x}-5}{x-25}+\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+5}\right):\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-5}\)
\(=\left(\frac{x+14\sqrt{x}-5}{\left(\sqrt{x}+5\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+5\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}\right)\cdot\frac{\sqrt{x}-5}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)
\(=\frac{2x+9\sqrt{x}-5}{\left(\sqrt{x}+5\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}\cdot\frac{\sqrt{x}-5}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)
\(=\frac{2x+10\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{x}-5}{\sqrt{x}+5}\cdot\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)
\(=\frac{2\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)
1, a, ĐKXĐ: x > 0
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(x\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{x-\sqrt{x}+1}-\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)+1\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(x-\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{x-\sqrt{x}+1}-2\sqrt{x}-1+1\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)-2\sqrt{x}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=x+\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{x}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=x-\sqrt{x}\)
b, Thay x=100 vào biểu thức P, ta có:
P= 100 - \(\sqrt{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=100-10=90\)
Vậy với x=100 thì P=90
c, Ta có: P= \(x-\sqrt{x}=\left(\sqrt{x}-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{1}{4}\ge-\frac{1}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi...
2, a, ĐKXĐ: x \(\ge\) 0, x \(\ne\) 1
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(\frac{x+3\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+2}\right):\frac{1}{x-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(\frac{x+3\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}-\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}-\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\right).\frac{x-1}{1}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(\frac{x+3\sqrt{x}-1-\sqrt{x}-2-\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\right).\frac{x-1}{1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)A= \(\frac{x+\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}.\frac{x-1}{1}\)= x-1
b, Để \(\frac{1}{A}\)là số tự nhiên (x \(\ge0\), \(x\ne1\))
\(\Rightarrow x-1=1\)
\(\Rightarrow x=2\)
Vậy x=2 thì \(\frac{1}{A}\) là số tự nhiên.
\(a,A=\frac{x+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}-\frac{x+\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{x+2+\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)+x+\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{x+2+x-\sqrt{x}+x+\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3x+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(b,Tacó:P=\frac{A}{B}=\frac{3x+3}{2\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{3}{2}.\frac{x+1}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{3}{2}.\frac{x+1}{x+1+\sqrt{x}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{3}{2}.\left(1-\frac{\sqrt{x}}{x+1+\sqrt{x}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{3}{2}.\left(1-0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow Max_P=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(P=\left(\frac{x+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}-\frac{x+\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\right).\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(=\left(\frac{x+2+x-\sqrt{x}-x-\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\right).\left(\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\right)\)
\(=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=\frac{2}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}\)
Do \(x+\sqrt{x}+1=x+\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}=\left(\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}>0\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{2}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}>0\)
\(M=\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\right):\left(\frac{2\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{x\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}-\frac{2-x}{x\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+2\sqrt{x}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}.\frac{x\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(x+2\sqrt{x}\right)}=\frac{x}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(M=-\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{\sqrt{x}-1}=-\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow2x=1-\sqrt{x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+\sqrt{x}-1=0\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x}-1=0\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow x=\frac{1}{4}\)
\(M=\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)+\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\right):\left(\frac{2}{x}-\frac{2-x}{x\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\right)\)
\(M=\frac{x+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}:\left(\frac{2\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)-2+x}{x\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\right)\)
\(M=\frac{x+2\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}.\frac{x\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{2\sqrt{x}+2-2+x}\)
\(M=\frac{x\left(x+2\sqrt{x}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(x+2\sqrt{x}\right)}=\frac{x}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)
b/ \(\frac{x}{\sqrt{x}+1}=\frac{-1}{2}\Leftrightarrow2x=-\sqrt{x}-1\Leftrightarrow2x+\sqrt{x}+1=0\) (vô n)
a/ \(P=\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}-2}:\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}}{x-4}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}\right)\left(ĐKXĐ:x\ge0,x\ne4\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}-2}:\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}-2}.\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{2\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)
b/ \(P=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1+1}{\sqrt{x}+1}=1+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)
$P$ đạt giá trị lớn nhất \(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\) đạt GTNN
Vì \(\sqrt{x}\ge0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}+1\ge1\) đạt giá trị nhỏ nhất là $1$ tại \(x=0\)
Vậy \(MaxP=2\Leftrightarrow x=0\)
KL: ...................