1)a,b,c >0 ; a+b+c=1. CMR:
\(\dfrac{a}{1+a}\) + \(\dfrac{2b}{2+b}\) +\(\dfrac{3c}{c+3}\) \(\le\) \(\dfrac{6}{7}\)
2) x,y,z >0; 4x+9y+16z=49
CMR: \(\dfrac{1}{x}\) + \(\dfrac{25}{y}\) + \(\dfrac{64}{z}\) \(\ge\) 49
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\(\left(\dfrac{1}{a}-1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{b}-1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{c}-1\right)=\left(\dfrac{1-a}{a}\right)\left(\dfrac{1-b}{b}\right)\left(\dfrac{1-c}{c}\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{b+c}{a}\right)\left(\dfrac{a+c}{b}\right)\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c}\right)\ge\dfrac{2\sqrt{bc}}{a}.\dfrac{2\sqrt{ac}}{b}.\dfrac{2\sqrt{ab}}{c}=8\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô -si cho 3 số dương:
\(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc};\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
a)\(\frac{a}{b}\)<\(\frac{a+c}{b+c}\)<=>a(b+c)<b(a+c)<=>ab+ac<ac+bc<=>ac<bc<=>a<b(đúng theo giả thiết)
Vậy:\(\frac{a}{b}\)<\(\frac{a+c}{b+c}\)
b) (a+b)(\(\frac{1}{a}\)+\(\frac{1}{b}\))=\(\frac{a+b}{a}\)+\(\frac{a+b}{b}\)=1+\(\frac{b}{a}\)+1+\(\frac{a}{b}\)
Giả sử a<b, ta đặt b=a+k(k>0)
Khi đó (a+b)(\(\frac{1}{a}\)+\(\frac{1}{b}\))=2+\(\frac{a+k}{a}\)+\(\frac{a}{b}\)=3+\(\frac{k}{a}\)+\(\frac{a}{b}\)=3+\(\frac{bk+a^2}{ab}\)=3+\(\frac{ak+k^2+a^2}{ab}\)=3+\(\frac{a\left(a+k\right)+k^2}{ab}\)=3+\(\frac{ab+k^2}{ab}\)=4+\(\frac{k^2}{ab}\)\(\ge\)4(đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a=b)
Chứng minh tương tự với a>b
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}=9\)
\(A=\left(a+\frac{1}{a}-2\right)+\left(b+\frac{1}{b}-2\right)+\left(c+\frac{1}{c}-2\right)-\left(a+b+c\right)+6\)
\(A=\frac{a^2-2a+1}{a}+\frac{b^2-2b+1}{b}+\frac{c^2-2c+1}{c}-3+6\)
\(A=\frac{\left(a-1\right)^2}{a}+\frac{\left(b-1\right)^2}{b}+\frac{\left(c-1\right)^2}{c}+3\) \(\ge3\forall a,b,c>0\)
A = 3 \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Vậy min A = 3 \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
\(3A=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(=3+\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)\ge9\) (bđt AM-GM)
\(\Rightarrow3A\ge9\Leftrightarrow A\ge3\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
a)\(\frac{a+b}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b-2\sqrt{ab}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2\ge0\) với mọi x
->Đpcm
2 phần kia mai tui lm nốt cho h đi ngủ
Từ \(\dfrac{a}{1+a}+\dfrac{2b}{2+b}+\dfrac{3c}{3+c}\le\dfrac{6}{7}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-\dfrac{a}{1+a}+2-\dfrac{2b}{2+b}+3-\dfrac{3c}{3+c}\ge6-\dfrac{6}{7}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a+1}+\dfrac{4}{b+2}+\dfrac{9}{c+3}\ge\dfrac{36}{7}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có:
\(VT=\dfrac{1}{a+1}+\dfrac{4}{b+2}+\dfrac{9}{c+3}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(1+2+3\right)^2}{a+b+c+6}=\dfrac{36}{7}=VP\)
Xảy ra khi \(a=\dfrac{1}{6};b=\dfrac{1}{3};c=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
2) \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{25}{y}+\dfrac{64}{z}=\dfrac{4}{4x}+\dfrac{225}{9y}+\dfrac{1024}{16z}\ge\dfrac{\left(2+15+32\right)^2}{4x+9y+6z}=49\)