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a, \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
b, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,45\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,45.22,4=10,08\left(l\right)\)
c, Ta có: m dd sau pư = 8,1 + 200 - 0,45.2 = 207,2 (g)
Theo PT: \(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,3.133,5}{207,2}.100\%\approx19,33\%\)
a, \(MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\)
b, Ta có: \(m_{H_2SO_4}=200.9,8\%=19,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{19,6}{98}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{MgO}=n_{MgSO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=0,2.40=8\left(g\right)\)
c, Ta có: m dd sau pư = 8 + 200 = 208 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.120}{208}.100\%\approx11,54\%\)
Có nZn= 0,65/65=0,1(mol)
a,PTPƯ: Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
(mol) 0,1 ---> 0,05 ---> 0,1 ---> 0,1
b, Theo pt có mmuối= 0,1.136=13.6(g)
Lại có Vkhí=0,1.22,4= 2,24(l)
c, Theo pt có mHCl= 0,05.36,5=1,825(g)
=> C%=\(\dfrac{1,825}{200}\).100%=0,9125%
Câu 1:
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3mol\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200.14,7}{98.100}=0,3mol\)
2Al+3H2SO4\(\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
-Tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,3}{2}>\dfrac{0,3}{3}\rightarrow\)Al dư, H2SO4 hết
\(n_{Al\left(pu\right)}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,3=0,2mol\)
\(n_{Al\left(dư\right)}=0,3-0,2=0,1mol\)
\(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,3mol\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72l\)
\(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{3}.0,3=0,1mol\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1.342=34,2gam\)
\(m_{dd}=8,1+200-0,1.27-0,3.2=204,8gam\)
C%Al2(SO4)3=\(\dfrac{34,2}{204,8}.100\approx16,7\%\)
Câu 2:
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{4}{40}=0,1mol\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200.19,6}{98.100}=0,4mol\)
MgO+H2SO4\(\rightarrow\)MgSO4+H2O
-Tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{1}\rightarrow\)H2SO4 dư
\(n_{H_2SO_4\left(pu\right)}=n_{MgO}=0,1mol\)\(\rightarrow\)\(n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,1=0,3mol\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.98=9,8gam\)
\(n_{MgSO_4}=n_{MgO}=0,1mol\)
\(m_{dd}=4+200=204gam\)
C%H2SO4(dư)=\(\dfrac{0,3.98}{204}.100\approx14,4\%\)
C%MgSO4=\(\dfrac{0,1.120}{204}.100\approx5,9\%\)
Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{FeSO_4}=n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a, \(V_{H_2}=0,1.24,79=2,479\left(l\right)\)
b, \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{9,8}{9,8\%}=100\left(g\right)\)
c, Ta có: m dd sau pư = 5,6 + 100 - 0,1.2 = 105,4 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.152}{105,4}.100\%\approx14,42\%\)
a) \(PT:CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)
\(HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaOH+H_2O\)
b) \(m_{HCl}=\frac{200.10,95\%}{100\%}=21,9\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\frac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
c) \(n_{NaOH}=2.0,05=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(pưNaOH\right)}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(pưCaCO_3\right)}=0,6-0,1=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
d) \(n_{CaCO_3}=\frac{1}{2}n_{HCl\left(pưCaCO_3\right)}=0,5.\frac{1}{2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{CaCO_3}=0,25.100=25\left(g\right)\)
e) \(n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{CO_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)
f) \(n_{CaCl_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{ddA}=25+200-0,25.44=214\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{ddCaCl_2}=\frac{0,25.111}{214}.100\%=12,97\%\)
\(C\%_{ddHCldư}=\frac{0,1.36,5}{214}.100\%=1,71\%\)
a, PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{32,5}{65}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,5.136=68\left(g\right)\)
nZn=0,1 mol
Zn +2HCl=> ZnCl2+ H2
0,1 mol =>0,2 mol
=>mHCl=36,5.0,2=7,3g
=>m dd HCl=7,3/14,6%=50g
mdd sau pứ=6,5+50-0,1.2=56,3g
=>C% dd ZnCl2=(0,1.136)/56,3.100%=24,16%
a.b. Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2 (1)
Theo pt: 65g 73g 136g 2g
Theo đề: 6,5g 7,3g 13,6g
=> mddHCl=\(\frac{7,3.100}{14,6}=50\left(g\right)\)
c. Từ pt (1), ta có: \(C_{\%}=\frac{13,6}{50+6,5}.100\%=24,1\%\)
a, \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
b, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200.9,8\%}{98}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.24,79=4,958\left(l\right)\)
c, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{2}{15}\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ m dd sau pư = 2/15.27 + 200 - 0,2.2 = 203,2 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{15}.342}{203,2}.100\%\approx11,22\%\)
a) \(2AL+3H2SO4\to Al2\left(SO4\right)3+3H2\)
b) \(C\%=\frac{mH2SO4}{mdd}\times100\%\Rightarrow9,8=\frac{mH2SO4}{200}\times100\Rightarrow mH2SO4=19,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow nH2SO4=\frac{m}{M}=\frac{19,6}{98}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow nH2=nH2SO4=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow vH2=nH2\times22,4=0,2\times22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)