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ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge0\)
a/ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}\ge0\\x+1>0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow B=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{x+1}\ge0\)
\(B_{min}=0\) khi \(x=0\)
\(B-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{x+1}-\frac{1}{2}=-\frac{x-2\sqrt{x}+1}{x+1}=-\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}{x+1}\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow B\le\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow B_{max}=\frac{1}{2}\) khi \(x=1\)
b/ Tương tự câu a \(M_{min}=0\)
\(M=\frac{x+2\sqrt{x}+1-\left(x-2\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{x+2\sqrt{x}+1}=1-\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}\le1\)
\(M_{max}=1\) khi \(x=1\)
ta có \(\frac{x+\sqrt{x}+1}{x+2\sqrt{x}+1}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2+\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}\)
đặt (căn x )+1 = a=> căn x = a- 1 => x = (a - 1 ) ^2 thay vào rùi tự làm nhé ^-^
Đặt \(\sqrt{x}=a\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{a^2+a+1}{a^2+2a+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(A-1\right)a^2+\left(2A-1\right)a+A-1=0\)
Để PT theo nghiệm a có nghiệm thì
\(\Delta=\left(2A-1\right)^2-4\left(A-1\right)\left(A-1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4A-3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
Ta lại có: \(A=\frac{a^2+a+1}{a^2+2a+1}=1-\frac{a}{a^2+2a+1}\le1\)
Vậy ...
GTNN và GTLN của cả A và B hay của A + B vậy bạn...
Câu 1:
\(y^2+yz+z^2=1-\frac{3x^2}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2y^2+2yz+2z^2=2-3x^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y+z\right)^2+y^2+z^2+3x^2=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y+z\right)^2+x^2+2x\left(y+z\right)+y^2+z^2+2x^2-2x\left(y+z\right)=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2xz+z^2\right)=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2=2-\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(x-z\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A^2=2-\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-z\right)^2\right]\le2\forall x;y;z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\sqrt{2}\le A\le\sqrt{2}\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=-\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y=z\\x+y+z=-\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{-\sqrt{2}}{3}\)
\(A_{max}=\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{3}\)
Câu 2:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(P=\frac{1}{1+xy}+\frac{1}{1+yz}+\frac{1}{1+zx}\ge\frac{9}{3+xy+yz+zx}\ge\frac{9}{3+x^2+y^2+z^2}=\frac{9}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
Câu 3:
\(P=\frac{ab\sqrt{c-2}+bc\sqrt{a-3}+ca\sqrt{b-4}}{abc}\) ( \(a\ge3;b\ge4;c\ge2\) )
\(P=\frac{\sqrt{c-2}}{c}+\frac{\sqrt{a-3}}{a}+\frac{\sqrt{b-4}}{b}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:
\(P=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\cdot\frac{\sqrt{2}\cdot\sqrt{c-2}}{c}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\cdot\frac{\sqrt{3}\cdot\sqrt{a-3}}{a}+\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{2\cdot\sqrt{b-4}}{b}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\cdot\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{2+c-2}{c}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\cdot\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{3+a-3}{a}+\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{4+b-4}{b}=\frac{1}{2}\cdot\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=6\\b=8\\c=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 4:
Đặt \(\sqrt{x}=a;\sqrt{y}=b\left(a;b\ge0\right)\)
\(M=a^2-2ab+3b^2-2a+1\)
\(M=a^2-a\left(2b+2\right)+3b^2+1\)
\(\Delta=\left(2b+2\right)^2-4\left(3b^2+1\right)\)
\(=-8b^2+8b\)
\(=-8b\left(b+1\right)\ge0\)
Vì \(b\ge0\) nên \(-8b\left(b+1\right)\le0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow b=0\)
Khi đó \(M=a^2-2a+1=\left(a-1\right)^2\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=1\)
Vậy \(M_{min}=1\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)