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mk gợi ý, phần còn lại tự làm
a) \(A=x^2+2x+5=\left(x+1\right)^2+4\ge4\)
b) \(B=4x^2+4x+11=\left(2x+1\right)^2+10\ge10\)
c) \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+6\right)=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\)
d) \(D=x^2-2x+y^2-4y+7=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+2\ge2\)
e) \(E=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
a) A = x2 + 2x + 5
= x2 + 2x + 1 + 4
= ( x + 1 )2 + 4
Nhận xét :
( x + 1 )2 > 0 với mọi x
=> ( x + 1 )2 + 4 > 4
=> A > 4
=> A min = 4
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : ( x + 1 )2 = 0
=> x + 1 = 0
=> x = - 1
Vậy A min = 4 khi x = - 1
b) B = 4x2 + 4x + 11
= ( 2x )2 + 4x + 1 + 10
= ( 2x + 1 )2 + 10
Nhận xét :
( 2x + 1 )2 > 0 với mọi x
=> ( 2x + 1 )2 + 10 > 10
=> B > 10
=> B min = 10
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : ( 2x + 1 )2 = 0
=> 2x + 1 = 0
=> x = \(\frac{-1}{2}\)
Vậy Bmin = 10 khi x = \(\frac{-1}{2}\)
c) C = ( x - 1 ) ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3 ) ( x + 6 )
= [ ( x - 1 ) ( x + 6 ) ] [ ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3 ) ]
= ( x2 + 5x - 6 ) ( x2 + 5x + 6 )
= ( x2 + 5x ) 2 - 62
= ( x2 + 5x )2 - 36
Nhận xét :
( x2 + 5x )2 > 0 với mọi x
=> ( x2 + 5x )2 - 36 > - 36
=> C > - 36
=> C min = - 36
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : ( x2 + 5x )2 = 0
=> x2 + 5x = 0
=> x ( x + 5 ) = 0
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x+5=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=-5\end{cases}}\)
Vậy C min = - 36 khi x = 0 hoặc x = - 5
d) D = x2 - 2x + y2 - 4y + 7
= ( x2 - 2x + 1 ) + ( y2 - 4x + 4 ) + 2
= ( x - 1 )2 + ( y - 2 )2 + 2
Nhận xét :
( x - 1 )2 > 0 với mọi x
( y - 2 )2 > 0 với mọi y
=> ( x - 1 )2 + ( y - 2 )2 > 0
=> ( x - 1 )2 + ( y - 2 )2 + 2 > 2
=> D > 2
=> D min = 2
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(y-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\y-2=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy D min = 2 khi x = 1 và y = 2
Bài 1:
a) \(3x^2-2x(5+1,5x)+10=3x^2-(10x+3x^2)+10\)
\(=10-10x=10(1-x)\)
b) \(7x(4y-x)+4y(y-7x)-2(2y^2-3,5x)\)
\(=28xy-7x^2+(4y^2-28xy)-(4y^2-7x)\)
\(=-7x^2+7x=7x(1-x)\)
c)
\(\left\{2x-3(x-1)-5[x-4(3-2x)+10]\right\}.(-2x)\)
\(\left\{2x-(3x-3)-5[x-(12-8x)+10]\right\}(-2x)\)
\(=\left\{3-x-5[9x-2]\right\}(-2x)\)
\(=\left\{3-x-45x+10\right\}(-2x)=(13-46x)(-2x)=2x(46x-13)\)
Bài 2:
a) \(3(2x-1)-5(x-3)+6(3x-4)=24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (6x-3)-(5x-15)+(18x-24)=24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 19x-12=24\Rightarrow 19x=36\Rightarrow x=\frac{36}{19}\)
b)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2x^2+3(x^2-1)-5x(x+1)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2x^2+3x^2-3-5x^2-5x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow -5x-3=0\Rightarrow x=-\frac{3}{5}\)
\(2x^2+3(x^2-1)=5x(x+1)\)
\(A=x^2+3x+7\)
\(=x^2+2.1,5x+2,25+4,75\)
\(=\left(x+1,5\right)^2+4,75\ge4,75\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=4,75\Leftrightarrow x=-1,5\)
\(B=2x^2-8x\)
\(=2\left(x^2-4x\right)\)
\(=2\left(x^2-4x+4-4\right)\)
\(=2\left[\left(x-2\right)^2-4\right]\)
\(=2\left(x-2\right)^2-8\ge-8\)
Vậy \(B_{min}=-8\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
a) \(\left(x+5\right)^2-\left(x-5\right)^2-20x+2\)
\(=x^2+10x+25-x^2+10x-25-20x+2\)
\(=2\) không phụ thuộc vào \(x\)
b) \(\left(x+3\right)\left(x-5\right)-\left(x-1\right)^2\)
\(=x^2-2x-15-x^2+2x-1\)
\(=-16\) không phụ thuộc vào \(x\)
c) \(\left(3x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)-x\left(3x-5\right)+8\)
\(=3x^2-4x-4-3x^2+5x+8\)
\(=x+8\) câu này đề sai.
d) \(2.\left(3x+1\right)\left(2x+5\right)-6x.\left(2x+4\right)-10\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=2.\left(6x^2+17x+5\right)-\left(12x^2+24x\right)-10x+10\)
\(=12x^2+34x+10-12x^2-24x-10x+10\)
\(=20\) không phụ thuộc vào \(x\)
a) ( x + 5 )2 - ( x - 5 )2 - 20x + 2
= x2 + 10x + 25 - ( x2 - 10x + 25 ) - 20x + 2
= x2 + 10x + 25 - x2 + 10x - 25 - 20x + 2
= 2 ( đpcm )
b) ( x + 3 )( x - 5 ) - ( x - 1 )2
= x2 - 2x - 15 - ( x2 - 2x + 1 )
= x2 - 2x - 15 - x2 + 2x - 1
= -16 ( đpcm )
c) ( 3x + 2 )( x - 2 ) - x( 3x - 5 ) + 8
= 3x2 - 4x - 4 - 3x2 + 5x + 8
= x + 4 ( lỗi đề )
d) 2( 3x + 1 )( 2x + 5 ) - 6x( 2x + 4 ) - 10( x - 1 )
= 2( 6x2 + 17x + 5 ) - 12x2 - 24x - 10x + 10
= 12x2 + 34x + 10 - 12x2 - 24x - 10x + 10
= 20 ( đpcm )
1a, 2x2+3(x2-1)=5x(x+1)
=> 2x2 +3 x2-3= 5x2+5x
=> 2x2 +3 x2-3- 5x2-5x=0
=>-3-5x=0 =>5x=-3 =>x=-3/5
b,2x(5-3x) +2x(3x-5)-3(x-7)=0
=>2x(5-3x) -2x(5-3x)-3(x-7)=0
=>-3(x-7)=0 =>x-7=0 =>x=7
c,3x(x+1)-2x(x+2)=-1-x
=> 3x2+3x-2x2-4x=-1-x
=>3x2+3x-2x2-4x+x=-1
=>x2=-1(vô lí)
2, A= 5x(x-4y) -4y(y-5x)-11/20
=> A=5x2-20xy-4y2+20yx -11/20
=>A=5x2-4y2-11/20
Thay x=-0,6 y=-0,75 vào ta có
A= 5. (-0,6)2-4(-0,75)2-11/20=-1
b/ \(3-100x+8x^2=8x^2+x-300\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-101x=-303\)
\(\Rightarrow x=3\)
c/ \(5\left(5x+2\right)-10\left(8x-1\right)=6\left(4x+2\right)-150\)
\(\Leftrightarrow25x+10-80x+10=24x+12-150\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-79x=-158\)
\(\Rightarrow x=2\)
d/ \(3\left(3x+2\right)-\left(3x+1\right)=12x+10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x+6-3x-1=12x+10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-6x=5\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-\frac{5}{6}\)
e/ \(30x-6\left(2x-5\right)+5\left(x+8\right)=210+10\left(x-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow30x-12x+30+5x+40=210+10x-10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow13x=130\)
\(\Rightarrow x=10\)
\(A=x^2-4x+1=\left(x-2\right)^2-3\ge-3\)
\(\Rightarrow A_{min}=-3\) khi \(x=2\)
\(B=4x^2+4x+11=\left(2x+1\right)^2+10\ge10\)
\(\Rightarrow B_{min}=10\) khi \(x=-\frac{1}{2}\)
\(C=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{min}=-36\) khi \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(D=-x^2-8x-16+21=21-\left(x+4\right)^2\le21\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{max}=21\) khi \(x=-4\)
\(E=-x^2+4x-4+5=5-\left(x-2\right)^2\le5\)
\(\Rightarrow E_{max}=5\) khi \(x=2\)
\(A=3x^2-5x+3=3(x^2-\frac{5}{3}x)+3\)
\(=3(x^2-\frac{5}{3}x+\frac{5^2}{6^2})+\frac{11}{12}=3(x-\frac{5}{6})^2+\frac{11}{12}\)
Vì \((x-\frac{5}{6})^2\geq 0, \forall x\Rightarrow A\geq 3.0+\frac{11}{12}=\frac{11}{12}\)
Vậy A(min)$=\frac{11}{12}$ khi $x=\frac{5}{6}$
\(B=2x^2+2x+1=2(x^2+x+\frac{1}{4})+\frac{1}{2}\)
\(=2(x+\frac{1}{2})^2+\frac{1}{2}\geq 2.0+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(B_{\min}=\frac{1}{2}\) tại \((x+\frac{1}{2})^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-1}{2}\)
C)
\(C=2x^2+y^2+10x-2xy+27\)
\(=(x^2+10x+25)+(x^2+y^2-2xy)+2\)
\(=(x+5)^2+(x-y)^2+2\)
Vì \((x+5)^2\ge 0, (x-y)^2\geq 0\Rightarrow C\geq 0+0+2=2\)
Vậy \(C_{\min}=2\) tại \(\left\{\begin{matrix} (x+5)^2=0\\ (x-y)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=-5\)
