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Bài 6:
a) \(n_{O_2\left(tt\right)}=\dfrac{2,88}{24}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{O_2\left(PTHH\right)}=\dfrac{0,12.100}{80}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2KMnO4 --to--> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
0,3<--------------------------------0,15
=> \(m_{KMnO_4}=0,3.158=47,4\left(g\right)\)
b) \(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{2,45}{122,5}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{O_2\left(tt\right)}=8.0,072=0,576\left(l\right)\)
=> \(n_{O_2\left(tt\right)}=\dfrac{0,576}{24}=0,024\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2KClO3 --to--> 2KCl + 3O2
0,02---------------->0,03
=> nO2(hao hụt) = 0,03 - 0,024 = 0,006 (mol)
=> %O2 bị hao hụt = \(\dfrac{0,006}{0,03}.100\%=20\%\)
a) 2KClO3 (7/75 mol) \(\underrightarrow{t^o}\) 2KCl (7/75 mol) + 3O2\(\uparrow\) (0,14 mol).
b) Số mol khí oxi là 4,48/32=0,14 (mol).
Khối lượng kali clorat cần dùng là 7/75.122,5=343/30 (g).
Khối lượng chất rắn thu được là 7/75.74,5=1043/150 (g).
\(a,PTHH:2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o,MnO_2}2KCl+3O_2\uparrow\\ b,n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ Theo.pt:n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,2=\dfrac{2}{15}\left(mol\right)\\ m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{2}{15}.122,5=\dfrac{49}{3}\left(g\right)\)
a, PTHH: 2KClO3 --to--> 2KCl + 3O2
b, \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{53,76}{22,4}=2,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=2,4.32=76,8\left(g\right)\)
Bảo toàn khối lượng: \(m_{KClO_3}=76,8+168,2=245\left(g\right)\)
c, Theo pthh: \(n_{KClO_3\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.2,4=1,6\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{KClO_3\left(phân.huỷ\right)}=\dfrac{1,6.122,5}{245}=80\%\)
\(a,PTHH:2KMnO_4\rightarrow^{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\\ b,n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{O_2}=0,3\cdot32=9,6\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4\left(bđ\right)}=m_{\text{chất rắn}}+m_{O_2}=109,6\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{MnO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{MnO_2}=0,3\cdot87=26,1\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow\%_{MnO_2}=\dfrac{26,1}{100}\cdot100\%=26,1\%\\ \Rightarrow\%_{KMnO_4}=100\%-26,1\%=73,9\%\)
\(a,n_{CuO}=\dfrac{59}{80}=0,7375\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2\rightarrow^{t^o}2CuO+4NO_2\uparrow+O_2\uparrow\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{CuO}=0,36875\left(mol\right)\\n_{NO_2}=2n_{CuO}=1,475\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{O_2}=0,36875\cdot22,4=8,26\left(l\right)\\V_{NO_2}=1,475\cdot22,4=33,04\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b,\text{Chất rắn thu đc là }CuO\text{ gồm có }Cu,O\\ \%_O=\dfrac{16}{80}\cdot100\%=20\%\\ \Rightarrow m_O=59\cdot20\%=11,8\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Cu}=59-11,8=47,2\left(g\right)\)
ủa anh minh lm r mà trong này nè
Tham khảo:
https://hoc24.vn/cau-hoi/nung-752-gam-cuno32-bi-phan-huy-theo-so-do-phan-ung-sau-cuno32-cuo-no2-o2-sau-mot-thoi-gian-thay-con-lai-59-gam-chat-ran-a-tinh-the-ti.3307073058847
\(n_{Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{75,2}{188}=0,4mol\)
Gọi \(n_{Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2pứ}=x\left(mol\right)\)
\(Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuO+2NO_2+O_2\)
\(m_{CuO}=80x\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2pứ}=188\cdot\left(0,4-x\right)mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}+m_{Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2pứ}=59\)
\(\Rightarrow x=0,15mol\)
\(V_{NO_2}=2\cdot0,15\cdot22,4=6,72l\)
\(V_{O_2}=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36l\)
\(m_{CuO}=0,15\cdot80=12g\)
\(a,n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{8}{160}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\\ Mol:0,05\rightarrow0,15\rightarrow0,1\\ m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\\ b,V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\ c,n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ \\ PTHH:3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,1}{3}>\dfrac{0,05}{2}\Rightarrow Fe.dư\\ n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{0,05}{2}=0,025\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Fe_3O_4}=0,025.232=5,8\left(g\right)\)
nFe2O3 = 8 : 160 = 0,05 (mol)
pthh: Fe2O3 + 3H2 -t--> 2Fe + 3H2O
0,05--------0,15----->0,1 (mol)
=> VH2= 0,15 . 22,4 = 3,36 (L)
=> mFe = 0,1 . 56 = 5,6 (g)
nO2 = 1,12 : 22,4 = 0,05 (mol)
pthh : 2H2+ O2 -t-> 2H2O
LTL :
0,15/2 > 0,05/1
=> H2 du
theo pt , nH2O = 2 nO2 = 0,1 (mol)
=> mH2O = 0,1 .18 = 1,8 (g)
