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\(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2\ge0\) ( đúng )
Áp dụng Bunhiacopski ta có:
\(S^2=\left(\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{y-3}\right)^2\le\left(1^2+1^2\right)\left(x-2+y-3\right)=2\left(x+y-5\right)=2\)
Dấu "=" bạn xét nốt
Sử dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM ta dễ thấy:
\(LHS=\sqrt{a-1+2\sqrt{a-2}}+\sqrt{a-1-2\sqrt{a-2}}\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\left(a-1+2\sqrt{a-2}\right)\left(a-1-2\sqrt{a-2}\right)}\)
\(=2\sqrt{\left(a-1\right)^2-4\left(a-2\right)}=2\sqrt{a^2-6a+9}=2\sqrt{\left(a-3\right)^2}\ge2\)( vì a khác 3 )
Hoặc cách khác như thế này:
\(LHS=\sqrt{a-1+2\sqrt{a-2}}+\sqrt{a-1-2\sqrt{a-2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left[a-2+2\sqrt{a+2}+1\right]}+\sqrt{\left[a-2-2\sqrt{a-2}+1\right]}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{a-2}+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{a-2}-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\left|\sqrt{a-2}+1\right|+\left|\sqrt{a-2}-1\right|\)
\(=\left|\sqrt{a-2}+1\right|+\left|1-\sqrt{a-2}\right|\ge\left|\sqrt{a-2}+1+1-\sqrt{a-2}\right|=2\)
Đẳng thức tự tìm nha
tạm thời chưa nghĩ ra cách dùng \(a^3+b^3\ge a^2b+ab^2=ab\left(a+b\right)\) :'<
Có: \(\sqrt[3]{4\left(a^3+b^3\right)}=\sqrt[3]{2\left(a+b\right)\left(2a^2-2ab+2b^2\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt[3]{2\left(a+b\right)\left[\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2+\frac{3}{2}\left(a-b\right)^2\right]}=\sqrt[3]{2\left(a+b\right)\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2}=a+b\)
Tương tự cộng lại ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c\)
ư ư.. ra r :))))))))) cộng thêm Cauchy-Schwarz nữa nhé
Có: \(a^3+b^3\ge a^2b+ab^2\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(2\left(a^3+b^3\right)\ge a^3+b^3+a^2b+ab^2=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\sqrt[3]{4\left(a^3+b^3\right)}\ge\sqrt[3]{2\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\ge\sqrt[3]{2\left(a+b\right).\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}}=a+b\)
Tương tự cộng lại ra đpcm
Ta có: \(x^4+16x^2+32=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-8\right)^2-32=0\left(1\right)\)
Với \(x=\sqrt{6-3\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}}-\sqrt{2+\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=\sqrt{3}\sqrt{2-\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}}-\sqrt{2+\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2=8-2\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}-2\sqrt{3}\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}\)
Thay x vào vế phải của (1) ta được:
\(\left(x^2-8\right)^2-32=\left(8-2\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}-2\sqrt{3}\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}-8\right)^2-32\)
\(=4\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)+4\sqrt{3}+12\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)-32\)
\(=8+4\sqrt{3}+8\sqrt{3}+24-12\sqrt{3}-32=0\)= vế phải
Vậy \(x-\sqrt{6-3\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}}-\sqrt{2+\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}}\)là 1 nghiệm của phương trình đã cho(đpcm)
\(P=\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-1}-\frac{4-6\sqrt{a}}{1-a}-\frac{-3}{\sqrt{a}+1}\)
ĐK : \(\hept{\begin{cases}a\ge0\\a\ne1\end{cases}}\)
a) \(P=\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-1}+\frac{4-6\sqrt{a}}{a-1}+\frac{3}{\sqrt{a}+1}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-1}+\frac{4-6\sqrt{a}}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}+\frac{3}{\sqrt{a}+1}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}+\frac{4-6\sqrt{a}}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}+\frac{3\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a+\sqrt{a}}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}+\frac{4-6\sqrt{a}}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}+\frac{3\sqrt{a}-3}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a+\sqrt{a}+4-6\sqrt{a}+3\sqrt{a}-3}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a-2\sqrt{a}+1}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{a}-1}{\sqrt{a}+1}\)
Với \(a=4-2\sqrt{3}\)( tmđk \(\hept{\begin{cases}a\ge0\\a\ne1\end{cases}}\))
\(P=\frac{\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}-1}{\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}+1}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{3}+1}-1}{\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{3}+1}+1}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2-2\sqrt{3}+1^2}-1}{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2-2\sqrt{3}+1^2}+1}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}-1}{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}+1}\)
\(=\frac{\left|\sqrt{3}-1\right|-1}{\left|\sqrt{3}-1\right|+1}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{3}-1-1}{\sqrt{3}-1+1}=\frac{\sqrt{3}-2}{\sqrt{3}}\)
b) \(P=\frac{\sqrt{a}-1}{\sqrt{a}+1}=\frac{\sqrt{a}+1-2}{\sqrt{a}+1}=1-\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}+1}\)( ĐK \(\hept{\begin{cases}a\ge0\\a\ne1\end{cases}}\))
Để P đạt giá trị nguyên => \(\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}+1}\)nguyên
=> \(2⋮\sqrt{a}+1\)
=> \(\sqrt{a}+1\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2\right\}\)
=> \(\sqrt{a}\in\left\{0;1\right\}\)< đã loại hai trường hợp âm >
=> \(a\in\left\{0\right\}\)< loại trường hợp a = 1 >
Vậy với a = 0 thì P có giá trị nguyên
Mấy bài này dài vật vã ghê =)))))))))))))
1, a, \(\frac{3+4\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{5}}\)
= \(\frac{\left(3+4\sqrt{3}\right)\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\right)}\)
=\(\frac{\left(3+4\sqrt{3}\right)\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}\right)^2-5}\)
=\(\frac{\left(3+4\sqrt{3}\right)\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\right)}{8+4\sqrt{3}-5}\)
= \(\frac{\left(3+4\sqrt{3}\right)\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\right)}{3+4\sqrt{3}}\)
=\(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\)
b, M = \(\frac{\sqrt{3}\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt{x^2}-x+1}\)(ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge0\))
= \(\frac{\sqrt{3}\left(x-1\right)}{x-x+1}\)
= \(\sqrt{3}\left(x-1\right)\)
Thay x = \(2+\sqrt{3}\)(TMĐK) vào M ta có:
M = \(\sqrt{3}\left(2+\sqrt{3}-1\right)=\sqrt{3}\left(1+\sqrt{3}\right)=3+\sqrt{3}\)
Vậy với x = \(2+\sqrt{3}\)thì M = \(3+\sqrt{3}\)
2, Mình chỉ giải câu a thôi nhé:
\(\sqrt{1+b}+\sqrt{1+c}\ge2\sqrt{1+a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{1+b}+\sqrt{1+c}\right)^2\ge\left(2\sqrt{1+a}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+b+2\sqrt{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}+1+c\ge4\left(1+a\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2+b+c+2\sqrt{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}\ge4\left(1+a\right)\left(1\right)\)
Vì \(\left(\sqrt{1+b}-\sqrt{1+c}\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow2+b+c\ge2\sqrt{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right),\left(2\right)\Rightarrow4+2\left(b+c\right)+2\sqrt{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}\ge4\left(1+a\right)+2\sqrt{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4+2\left(b+c\right)\ge4\left(1+a\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4+2\left(b+c\right)\ge4+4a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(b+c\right)\ge4a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b+c\ge2a\)
4*. Thật ra cái này mình xài làm trội, làm giảm là được mà
Đặt A = \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+....+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}\)
\(\frac{1}{2}A=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}+....+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{n}}\)
\(\frac{1}{2}A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{3}}+....+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n}}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}}>\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}\)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{3}}>\frac{1}{\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{3}}\)
+ .........................................................
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n}}>\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}}\)
Cộng tất cả vào
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n}}>\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}}\)\(\frac{1}{2}A>\frac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{3-2}+\frac{\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}}{4-3}+...+\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{n+1-n}\)
\(\frac{1}{2}A>\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}+...+\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\)
\(\frac{1}{2}A>\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{2}\)
\(A>2\sqrt{n+1}-2\sqrt{2}>2\sqrt{n+1}-3\)
\(A+1>2\sqrt{n+1}-3+1\)
\(A+1>2\sqrt{n+1}-2\)
\(A+1>2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-1\right)\)
Vậy ta có điều phải chứng minh.
a)\(\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{3}+1}-\sqrt{3}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}-\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{3}-1-\sqrt{3}=-1\)
b) \(\sqrt{11+6\sqrt{2}}-3+\sqrt{2}=\sqrt{9+6\sqrt{2}+2}-3+\sqrt{2}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(3+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}-3+\sqrt{2}=3+\sqrt{2}-3+\sqrt{2}=2\sqrt{2}\)
c) \(\sqrt{25x^2}-2x=-5x-2x=-7x\)(vì x < 0)
d) \(x-5+\sqrt{25-10x+x^2}=x-5+\sqrt{\left(5-x\right)^2}=x-5+x-5=2x-10\) (vì x > 5)