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\(P=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x+y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)-4x^2=\left(x-y-x-y\right)^2-\left(2x\right)^2=\left(-2y\right)^2-\left(2x\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2y-2x\right)\left(2y+2x\right)=2\left(y-x\right)2\left(y+x\right)=4\left(x+y\right)\left(y-x\right)\)
\(x^3-x^2y+3x-3y=x^2\left(x-y\right)+3\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+3\right)\)
\(x^3-2x^2-4xy^2+x=x\left(x^2-2x+1-4y^2\right)=x\left[\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^2\right]=x\left(x+2y-1\right)\left(x-2y-1\right)\)
\(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)-8=\left(x^2+7x+10\right)\left(x^2+7x+12\right)-8\)
Đặt \(x^2+7x+10=t\), ta có:
\(t\left(t+2\right)-8=t^2+2t-8=t^2-2t+4t-8=t\left(t-2\right)+4\left(t-2\right)=\left(t-2\right)\left(t+4\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x+10+4\right)\left(x^2+7x+10-2\right)=\left(x^2+7x+14\right)\left(x^2+7x-8\right)\)
\(=-\frac{\left(x^2+y^2\right)^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}-\frac{4\left(x^2+y^2\right)^3}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}-\frac{5\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}=-\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-4\left(x^2+y^2\right)-5\)
\(=-1-\left(\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2+4\left(x^2+y^2\right)+4\right)=-1-\left(x^2+y^2+2\right)^2\le-1< 0\forall x\left(đpcm\right).\)
Bài 3:
x=y+1 nên x-y=1
\(\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^4+y^4\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\cdot\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^4+y^4\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^4+y^4\right)\)
=x^8-y^8
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Cách 3 chưa đọc, nhưng cả cách 1 lẫn cách 2 đều sai. Sai lầm là ko chú ý điều kiện \(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}=t\Rightarrow\left|t\right|\ge2\)
\(P=\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2}-3\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)=t^2-3t-2\)
- Nếu \(t\le-2\Rightarrow P=\left(t+2\right)\left(t-5\right)+8\ge8\)
- Nếu \(t\ge2\Rightarrow P=\left(t-2\right)\left(t-1\right)-4\ge-4\)
So sánh 2 trường hợp ta kết luận được \(P_{min}=-4\) khi \(t=2\) hay \(x=y\)
\(\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy=x^2+y^2=4^2-2.1=14\)
\(x^4+y^4=\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-2x^2y^2=14^2-2=196-2=194\)
\(x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2-xy\right)=4\left(14-1\right)=52\)
\(\left(x^4+y^4\right)\left(x+y\right)=194.4=776\Leftrightarrow x^5+y^5+x^4y+y^4x=\left(x^5+y^5\right)+xy\left(x^3+y^3\right)=\left(x^5+y^5\right)+1.52=\left(x^5+y^5\right)+52=776\Rightarrow x^5+y^5=724\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\xy=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+2xy+y^2=16\\4xy=4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow x^2+2xy-4xy+y^2=\left(x-y\right)^2=12mà:x>y\Leftrightarrow x-y>0\Rightarrow x-y=\sqrt{12}=2\sqrt{3};x+y=2.2\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{3}+2\\y=2-\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(x^2-y^2=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)=4.2\sqrt{3}=8\sqrt{3}\)
\(\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)=8\sqrt{3}.14=112\sqrt{3}\Rightarrow x^4-y^4=112\sqrt{3}\)
\(\left(x^3-y^3\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right);x^6-y^6=\left(x^3+y^3\right)\left(x^3-y^3\right)tựlm\)
( - 12 x 4 y + 4 x 3 – 8 x 2 y 2 ) : ( - 4 x ) 2 = ( - 12 x 4 y ) : ( - 4 x 2 ) + ( 4 x 3 ) : ( - 4 x 2 ) – ( 8 x 2 y 2 ) : ( - 4 x 2 ) = 3 x 2 y – x + 2 y 2
Đáp án cần chọn là: D