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`2^n C_n ^0+2^[n-1] C_n ^1+2^[n-2] +... +C_n ^n=59049`
`<=>(2+1)^n=59049`
`<=>3^n=59049`
`<=>n=10 =>(2x^2+1/[x^3])^10`
Xét số hạng thứ `k+1:`
`C_10 ^k (2x^2)^[10-k] (1/[x^3])^k ,0 <= k <= 10`
`=C_10 ^k 2^[10-k] x^[20-5k]`
Số hạng chứa `x_5` xảy ra `<=>20-5k=5<=>k=3`
Với `k=3` thì số hạng cần tìm là: `C_10 ^3 2^[10-3] x^5=15360 x^5`
Phạm Dương Ngọc Nhi thế thì bạn học pp này đi. Cái pp này giúp cm nhiều bài một cách dễ dàng
a, \(sin\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot sinx-cos\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot sin^2x+1-2cos^2\cdot\left(\dfrac{\pi}{4}-\dfrac{x}{2}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot sinx-cos\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot sin^2x+1-2\cdot\left[1+cos2\cdot\left(\dfrac{\pi}{4}-\dfrac{x}{2}\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot sinx-cos\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot sin^2x+1-1-cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}-x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\dfrac{s}{2}\cdot sinx-cos\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot sin^2x-sinx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sinx\cdot\left(sin\dfrac{x}{2}-sinx\cdot cos\dfrac{x}{2}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx=0\text{ (1) }\\sin\dfrac{x}{2}-sinx\cdot cos\dfrac{x}{2}-1=0\text{ (2) }\end{matrix}\right.\)
(1) : \(sinx=0\Leftrightarrow x=k\pi\left(k\in Z\right)\)
(2) : \(sin\dfrac{x}{2}-sinx\cdot cos\dfrac{x}{2}-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\dfrac{x}{2}-cos\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot2sin\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot cos\dfrac{x}{2}-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\dfrac{x}{2}-2sin\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot cos^2\dfrac{x}{2}-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\dfrac{x}{2}-2sin\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot\left(1-sin^2\dfrac{x}{2}\right)-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\dfrac{x}{2}-2sin\dfrac{x}{2}+2sin^3\dfrac{x}{2}-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2sin^3\dfrac{x}{2}-sin\dfrac{x}{2}-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\dfrac{x}{2}=1\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\pi+k4\pi\left(k\in Z\right)\)
b, \(tanx-3cotx=4\cdot\left(sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{sinx}{cosx}-\dfrac{3cos}{sinx}=4\cdot\left(sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{sin^2x-3cos^2x}{sinx-cosx}=4\cdot\left(sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin^2x-3cos^2x=4\cdot\left(sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)\cdot sinx\cdot cosx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(sinx-\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)\cdot\left(sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)=4\left(sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)\cdot sinx\cdot cosx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)\cdot\left[\left(sinx-\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)-4sinx\cdot cosx\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx=0\text{ (1) }\\sinx-\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx-4sinx\cdot cosx=0\text{ (2) }\end{matrix}\right.\)
(1) : \(sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}sinx+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cosx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\dfrac{\pi}{3}\cdot sinx+sin\dfrac{\pi}{3}\cdot cosx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\cdot\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}=k\pi\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-\pi}{3}+k\pi\left(k\in Z\right)\)
(2) : \(sinx-\sqrt{3}cosx-4sinx\cdot cosx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sinx-\sqrt{3}cos=2sin2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}sinx-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cos2=sin2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\dfrac{\pi}{3}-sinx-sin\dfrac{\pi}{3}\cdot cosx=sin2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\cdot\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=sin2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}=2x+k2\pi\\x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}=\pi-2x+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\x=\dfrac{4\pi}{9}+\dfrac{k2\pi}{3}\left(k\in Z\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lời giải:
Theo khai triển New-ton:
Xét \((x+1)^{2n}=C^0_{2n}+C^1_{2n}x+...+C^n_{2n}x^n+...+C^{2n}_{2n}x^{2n}\)
Như vậy, \(C^n_{2n}\) là hệ số của $x^n$ trong khai triển \((x+1)^{2n}\)
Mặt khác:
\((x+1)^{2n}=(x+1)^n.(x+1)^n=(\sum_{n}^{i=0}C^k_nx^{n-k})(\sum_{n}^{i=0}C^{k}_nx^k)\)
\(=(C^0_nx^n+C^1_nx^{n-1}+C^2_nx^{n-2}+...+C^n_n)(C^0_n+C^1_nx+C^2_nx^2+...+C^n_nx^n)\)
Hệ số của $x^n$ trong khai triển này là:
\((C^0_n)^2+(C^1_n)^2+....+(C^n_n)^2\)
Do đó \((C^0_n)^2+(C^1_n)^2+....+(C^n_n)^2=C^n_{2n}\) (đpcm)
Bài 1:
\(\left(x^{-\frac{1}{5}}+x^{\frac{1}{3}}\right)^{10}=\sum\limits^{10}_{k=0}C_{10}^k\left(x^{-\frac{1}{5}}\right)^k\left(x^{\frac{1}{3}}\right)^{10-k}=\sum\limits^{10}_{k=0}C_{10}^kx^{\frac{10}{3}-\frac{8k}{15}}\)
Trong khai triển trên có 11 số hạng nên số hạng đứng giữa có \(k=6\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Số hạng đó là \(C_{10}^6x^{\frac{10}{3}-\frac{48}{15}}=C_{10}^6x^{\frac{2}{15}}\)
Bài 2:
\(\left(1+x^2\right)^n=a_0+a_1x^2+a_2x^4+...+a_nx^{2n}\)
Cho \(x=1\Rightarrow2^n=a_0+a_1+...+a_n=1024=2^{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow n=10\)
\(\left(1+x^2\right)^{10}=\sum\limits^{10}_{k=0}C_{10}^kx^{2k}\)
Số hạng chứa \(x^{12}\Rightarrow2k=12\Rightarrow k=6\) có hệ số là \(C_{10}^6\)
Bài 3:
\(\left(x-\frac{1}{4}\right)^n=\sum\limits^n_{k=0}C_n^kx^k\left(-\frac{1}{4}\right)^{n-k}\)
Với \(k=n-2\Rightarrow\) hệ số là \(C_n^{n-2}\left(-\frac{1}{4}\right)^2=\frac{1}{16}C_n^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{16}C_n^2=31\Rightarrow C_n^2=496\Rightarrow n=32\)
Bài 4:
Xét khai triển:
\(\left(1+x\right)^n=C_n^0+xC_n^1+x^2C_n^2+...+x^nC_n^n\)
Cho \(x=2\) ta được:
\(\left(1+2\right)^n=C_n^0+2C_n^1+2^2C_n^2+...+2^nC_n^n\)
\(\Rightarrow S=3^n\)
Bài 5:
Xét khai triển:
\(\left(1+x\right)^n=C_n^0+xC_n^1+x^2C_n^2+...+x^{2k}C_n^{2k}+x^{2k+1}C_n^{2k+1}+...\)
Cho \(x=-1\) ta được:
\(0=C_n^0-C_n^1+C_n^2-C_n^3+...+C_n^{2k}-C_n^{2k+1}+...\)
\(\Rightarrow C_n^0+C_n^2+...+C_n^{2k}+...=C_n^1+C_n^3+...+C_n^{2k+1}+...\)
Bài 6:
\(\left(1-4x+x^2\right)^5=\sum\limits^5_{k=0}C_5^k\left(-4x+x^2\right)^k=\sum\limits^5_{k=0}\sum\limits^k_{i=0}C_5^kC_k^i\left(-4\right)^ix^{2k-i}\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2k-i=5\\0\le i\le k\le5\\i;k\in N\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left(i;k\right)=\left(1;3\right);\left(3;4\right);\left(5;5\right)\)
Hệ số: \(\left(-4\right)^1.C_5^3C_3^1+\left(-4\right)^3C_5^4.C_4^3+\left(-4\right)^5C_5^5.C_5^5\)
ta sử dụng:
\(\left(1+2\right)^n=C^0_n+2C^1_n+..+2^nC^n_n\)
<=> \(3^n=243\)
<=> \(3^n=3^5\)
=> n=5
vậy n =5
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\frac{\sqrt{5x-1}-2+2-\sqrt[3]{10x-2}}{\sqrt{2}\left(x-1\right)}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\frac{\frac{5\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt{5x-1}+2}-\frac{10\left(x-1\right)}{4+2\sqrt[3]{10x-2}+\sqrt[3]{\left(10x-2\right)^2}}}{\sqrt{2}\left(x-1\right)}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left(\frac{5}{\sqrt{5x-1}+2}-\frac{10}{4+2\sqrt[3]{10x-2}+\sqrt[3]{\left(10x-2\right)^2}}\right)=\frac{5}{12\sqrt{2}}=\frac{5}{3.2^2\sqrt{2}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=5\\b=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow a+b=7\)
\(A=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{\left(1+ax\right)^{\frac{1}{n}}-1}{x}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{\frac{a}{n}\left(1+ax\right)^{\frac{1-n}{n}}}{1}=\frac{a}{n}\)
\(B=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{\left(1+ax\right)^{\frac{1}{n}}-1}{\left(1+bx\right)^{\frac{1}{m}}-1}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{\frac{a}{n}\left(1+ax\right)^{\frac{1-n}{n}}}{\frac{b}{m}\left(1+bx\right)^{\frac{1-m}{m}}}=\frac{am}{bn}\)
\(C=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{\sqrt[3]{1+bx}\sqrt[4]{1+cx}\left(\sqrt{1+ax}-1\right)+\sqrt[4]{1+cx}\left(\sqrt[3]{1+bx}-1\right)+\left(\sqrt[4]{1+cx}-1\right)}{x}\)
\(C=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\sqrt[3]{1+bx}\sqrt[4]{1+cx}.\frac{\sqrt{1+ax}-1}{x}+\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\sqrt[4]{1+cx}.\frac{\sqrt[3]{1+bx}-1}{x}+\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{\sqrt[4]{1+cx}-1}{x}\)
Từ câu A ta có: \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{\sqrt[n]{1+ax}-1}{x}=\frac{a}{n}\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\frac{a}{2}+\frac{b}{3}+\frac{c}{4}\)
Bạn sử dụng định lý L'Hopital cho giới hạn vô định:
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow a}\frac{f\left(x\right)}{g\left(x\right)}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow a}\frac{f'\left(x\right)}{g'\left(x\right)}\)
Xét khai triển:
\(\left(3-x\right)^n=C_n^0.3^n+C_n^1.3^{n-1}.\left(-x\right)^1+...+C_n^n\left(-x\right)^n\)
Thế \(x=1\) vào ta được:
\(2^n=3^nC_n^0-3^{n-1}C_n^1+...+\left(-1\right)^nC_n^n\)
\(\Rightarrow2^n=2048=2^{11}\Rightarrow n=11\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1-u_1q^2+u_1q^4=65\\u_1+u_1q^6=325\end{matrix}\right.\)
Chia vế cho vế ta được:
\(\frac{q^6+1}{q^4-q^2+1}=5\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(q^2+1\right)\left(q^4-q^2+1\right)}{q^4-q^2+1}=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow q^2=4\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}q=2\\q=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow u_1=\frac{325}{q^6+1}=5\)