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a.
\(A=\left(\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{x\left(x-1\right)}+\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}{x\left(x-2\right)}+\dfrac{x-2}{x}\right):\dfrac{x+1}{x}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{x^2+x+1}{x}+\dfrac{x+2}{x}+\dfrac{x-2}{x}\right):\dfrac{x+1}{x}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{x^2+3x+1}{x}\right).\dfrac{x}{x+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+3x+1}{x+1}\)
2.
\(x^3-4x^3+3x=0\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2-4x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(loại\right)\\x=1\left(loại\right)\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với \(x=3\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{3^2+3.3+1}{3+1}=\dfrac{19}{4}\)
Bài 4:
a. Vì $\triangle ABC\sim \triangle A'B'C'$ nên:
$\frac{AB}{A'B'}=\frac{BC}{B'C'}=\frac{AC}{A'C'}(1)$ và $\widehat{ABC}=\widehat{A'B'C'}$
$\frac{DB}{DC}=\frac{D'B'}{D'C}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{BD}{BC}=\frac{D'B'}{B'C'}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{BD}{B'D'}=\frac{BC}{B'C'}(2)$
Từ $(1); (2)\Rightarrow \frac{BD}{B'D'}=\frac{BC}{B'C'}=\frac{AB}{A'B'}$
Xét tam giác $ABD$ và $A'B'D'$ có:
$\widehat{ABD}=\widehat{ABC}=\widehat{A'B'C'}=\widehat{A'B'D'}$
$\frac{AB}{A'B'}=\frac{BD}{B'D'}$
$\Rightarrow \triangle ABD\sim \triangle A'B'D'$ (c.g.c)
b.
Từ tam giác đồng dạng phần a và (1) suy ra:
$\frac{AD}{A'D'}=\frac{AB}{A'B'}=\frac{BC}{B'C'}$
$\Rightarrow AD.B'C'=BC.A'D'$
Đặt \(a=\dfrac{1}{x};b=\dfrac{1}{y};c=\dfrac{1}{z}\Rightarrow xyz=1\) và \(x;y;z>0\)
Gọi biểu thức cần tìm GTNN là P, ta có:
\(P=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{x^3}\left(\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{y^3}\left(\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{z^3}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^3yz}{y+z}+\dfrac{y^3zx}{z+x}+\dfrac{z^3xy}{x+y}=\dfrac{x^2}{y+z}+\dfrac{y^2}{z+x}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+y}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{y+z+z+x+x+y}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(P_{min}=\dfrac{3}{2}\) khi \(x=y=z=1\) hay \(a=b=c=1\)
7a/
$x^3y+x-y-1=(x^3y-y)+(x-1)=y(x^3-1)+(x-1)$
$=y(x-1)(x^2+x+1)+(x-1)=(x-1)[y(x^2+x+1)+1]$
$=(x-1)(x^2y+xy+y+1)$
7b/
$x^2(x-2)+4(2-x)=x^2(x-2)-4(x-2)=(x-2)(x^2-4)$
$=(x-2)(x-2)(x+2)=(x-2)^2(x+2)$
7c/
$x^3-x^2-20x=x(x^2-x-20)=x[(x^2+4x)-(5x+20)]$
$x[x(x+4)-5(x+4)]=x(x+4)(x-5)$
7d/
$(x^2+1)^2-(x+1)^2=[(x^2+1)-(x+1)][(x^2+1)+(x+1)]$
$=(x^2-x)(x^2+x+2)$
$=x(x-1)(x^2+x+2)$
7e/
$6x^2-7x+2=(6x^2-3x)-(4x-2)=3x(2x-1)-2(2x-1)=(2x-1)(3x-2)$
7f/
$x^4+8x^2+12=(x^4+6x^2)+(2x^2+12)=x^2(x^2+6)+2(x^2+6)$
$=(x^2+6)(x^2+2)$
7g/
$(x^3+x+1)(x^3+x)-2=(t+1)t-2$ (đặt $x^3+x=t$)
$=t^2+t-2=(t^2+2t)-(t+2)=t(t+2)-(t+2)$
$=(t+2)(t-1)=(x^3+x+2)(x^3+x-1)$
$=[(x^3+x^2)-(x^2+x)+(2x+2)](x^3+x-1)$
$=[x^2(x+1)-x(x+1)+2(x+1)](x^3+x-1)$
$=(x+1)(x^2-x+2)(x^3+x-1)$