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a/
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-12x+9=\left(3x-2\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x^2-5=0\Rightarrow x=\pm1\)
b/
\(\Leftrightarrow25x^2-10x+1=\left(x+6\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow24x^2-22x-35=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{7}{4}\\x=-\frac{5}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/
\(\Leftrightarrow16x^2-8x+1=\left(x-3\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow15x^2-2x-8=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{4}{5}\\x=-\frac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
d/ \(x\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(5x+1\right)^2=\left(2x-3\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow21x^2+22x-8=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{2}{7}\\x=-\frac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
e/
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-4=x-2\\3x-4=2-x\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=2\\4x=6\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=\frac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
f/
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x^2-2x=6-x^2\\3x^2-2x=x^2-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4x^2-2x-6=0\\2x^2-2x+6=0\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=\frac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
g/
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-2x=2x^2-x-2\\x^2-2x=-2x^2+x+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2+x-2=0\\3x^2-3x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-2\\x=\frac{3\pm\sqrt{33}}{6}\\\end{matrix}\right.\)
1/ \(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x+1\right)\left(3x+2\right)\left(12x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)=28\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(12x^2+11x+2\right)\left(12x^2+11x-1\right)=28\)
Đặt \(12x^2+11x+2=t\)
\(\Rightarrow12x^2+11x-1=t-3\)
\(\Rightarrow t\left(t-3\right)=28\Leftrightarrow t^2-3t-28=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=7\\t=-4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}12x^2+11x+2=7\\12x^2+11x+2=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tự giải nốt và kl
b/ \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2x+1\right)\left(4x^2+8x+3\right)=18\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2+8x+4\right)\left(4x^2+8x+3\right)=72\)
Đặt \(4x^2+8x+3=t\Rightarrow t+1=4x^2+8x+4\)
\(\Rightarrow t\left(t+1\right)=72\Leftrightarrow t^2+t-72=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=8\\t=-9\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4x^2+8x+3=8\\4x^2+8x+3=-9\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tự giải và kết luận
Đặt \(2x+2=a\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=a-1\\2x+3=a+1\\x+1=\frac{a}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
khi đó ta có phương trình:
\(\left(\frac{a}{2}\right)^2\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)=18\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{4}\left(a^2-1\right)=18\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=\frac{289}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a^2-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{17}{2}\\a^2-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{-17}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a^2=9\\a^2=-8\left(vôlý\right)́\end{matrix}\right.\)
<=> x=3 hoặc x=-3
a/ \(x\ge-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)^2=\left(x+3\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2-10x-8=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=-\frac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/ \(x\ge-\frac{5}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x+7\right)^2=\left(2x+5\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+3x+2=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/ \(x\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x^2-3x-5=5x-5\\2x^2-3x-5=5-5x\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x^2-8x=0\\2x^2+2x-10=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(l\right)\\x=4\\x=\frac{-1+\sqrt{21}}{2}\\x=\frac{-1-\sqrt{21}}{2}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
d/ \(x\ge\frac{17}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-4x-5=4x-17\\x^2-4x-5=17-4x\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-8x+12=0\\x^2=22\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\x=2\left(l\right)\\x=\sqrt{22}\\x=-\sqrt{22}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
e/ \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\ge1\\x\le-\frac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x^2-x-2=x-2\\3x^2-x-2=2-x\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x^2-2x=0\\3x^2=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(l\right)\\x=\frac{2}{3}\left(l\right)\\x=\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}\\x=\frac{-2\sqrt{3}}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a/ \(x\ge-\frac{5}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4x+7=2x+5\\4x+7=-2x-5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/ \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-4x-5=4x-17\\x^2-4x-5=17-4x\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-8x+12=0\\x^2=22\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=6\\x=\pm\sqrt{22}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/ \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-5=0\\2x^2-7x+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=\frac{5}{2}\)
d/ \(\left|x-1\right|+\left|2x+1\right|\ge\left|x-1+2x+1\right|=\left|3x\right|\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi: \(\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\le-\frac{1}{2}\\x\ge1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy nghiệm của pt là \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\le-\frac{1}{2}\\x\ge1\end{matrix}\right.\)
a/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne\left\{-\frac{2}{3};\frac{1}{3}\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(5x-1\right)\left(3x-1\right)=\left(5x-7\right)\left(3x+2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow15x^2-8x+1=15x^2-11x-14\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x=-15\Rightarrow x=-5\)
b/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne\left\{-\frac{4}{3};1\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x+7\right)\left(3x+4\right)=\left(12x+5\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow12x^2+37x+28=12x^2-7x-5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow44x=-33\Rightarrow x=-\frac{3}{4}\)
c/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne\left\{-\frac{1}{4};0\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3\left(x^2-1\right)}{4x+1}+\frac{2\left(1-x^2\right)}{x}-\left(x^2-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-1\right)\left(\frac{3}{4x+1}-\frac{2}{x}-1\right)=0\)
TH1: \(x^2-1=0\Rightarrow x=\pm1\)
TH2: \(\frac{3}{4x+1}-\frac{2}{x}-1=0\Leftrightarrow3x-2\left(4x+1\right)-x\left(4x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2+6x+2=0\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=-\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) 3x^3 -10x+3 =(3x-1)(x-3)
| x | -vc | 1/3 | 5/4 | 3 | +vc | |||||||||
| 3x-1 | - | 0 | + | + | + | + | + | |||||||
| x-3 | - | - | - | - | - | 0 | + | |||||||
| 4x-5 | - | - | - | 0 | + | + | + | |||||||
| VT | - | 0 | + | 0 | - | 0 | + |
Kết luận
VT< 0 {dấu "-"} khi x <1/3 hoắc 5/4<x<3
VT>0 {dấu "+"} khi x 1/3<5/4 hoặc x> 3
VT=0 {không có dấu} khi x={1/3;5/4;3}