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Ta có: n < 1/1.2 + 1/2.3 + 1/3.4 +...+ 1/2008.2009 + 1/2009.2010
n < 1/1-1/2 + 1/2-1/3 + 1/3-1/4 +...+ 1/2008-1/2009 + 1/2009-1/2010 (công thức)
n < 1/1- (1/2-1/2)- (1/3-1/3)-...- (1/2009-1/2009)-1/2010 (quy tắc dấu ngoặc)
n < 1/1 - 1/2010
n < 2009/2010
Vậy n<2009/2010<1
ta có \(N=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{2010^2}.\)
ta lại có \(\frac{1}{2^2}< \frac{1}{1.2};\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2.3};...;\frac{1}{2010^2}< \frac{1}{2009.2010}\)
đặt \(A=\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{2009.2010}\)
\(\Rightarrow N< A=\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{2009.2010}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...-\frac{1}{2009}+\frac{1}{2009}-\frac{1}{2010}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2010}< 1\)
hay \(N< 1\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta có : \(\frac{1}{2^2}<\frac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\frac{1}{2^3}<\frac{1}{2.3}\)
\(\frac{1}{2^4}<\frac{1}{3.4}\)
...........
\(\frac{1}{2^n}<\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2^4}+...+\frac{1}{2^n}<\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)
Mà \(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}=\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+....+\frac{1}{n-1}-\frac{1}{n}=1-\frac{1}{n}<1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2^4}+...+\frac{1}{2^n}<1\)
1/22<1/1*2=1/1-1/2
1/32<1/2*3=1/2-1/3
1/42<1/3*4=1/3-1/4
1/20102<1/2009*2010=1/2009-1/2010
1/22+1/32+1/42+...+1/20102<1/1-1/2+1/2-1/3+1/3-1/4+...+1/2009-1/2010
1/22+1/32+1/42+...+1/2010<1/1-1/2010<1 (dfcm)
Áp dụng hằng đẳng thức:
\(1-a^{n+1}=\left(1-a\right)\left(1+a+a^2+...+a^n\right)\)
Tại a=1/2 ta có:
\(1-\frac{1}{2^{n+1}}=\left(1-\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^n}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2^4}+...+\frac{1}{2^n}=\frac{1-\frac{1}{2^{n+1}}}{1-\frac{1}{2}}-1-\frac{1}{2}=2\left(1-\frac{1}{2^{n+1}}\right)-1,5\)
Do \(2\left(1-\frac{1}{2^{n+1}}\right)< 2\Rightarrow2\left(1-\frac{1}{2^{n+1}}\right)-1,5< 1\)hay \(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2^4}+...+\frac{1}{2^n}< 1\left(\forall n\in N^{\cdot}\right)\)