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Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{sinA};\frac{1}{sinB};\frac{1}{sinC}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\Rightarrow a;b;c>0\), áp dụng BĐT AM-GM
\(\frac{1}{1+a}+\frac{1}{1+b}+\frac{1}{1+c}\ge\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}}\)
\(\frac{a}{1+a}+\frac{b}{1+b}+\frac{c}{1+c}\ge\frac{3\sqrt[3]{abc}}{\sqrt[3]{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}}\)
Cộng vế với vế và rút gọn: \(1\ge\frac{1+\sqrt[3]{abc}}{\sqrt[3]{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\ge\left(1+\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+\frac{1}{sinA}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{sinB}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{sinC}\right)\ge\left(1+\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{sinA.sinB.sinC}}\right)^3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\frac{1}{sinA}=\frac{1}{sinB}=\frac{1}{sinC}\Leftrightarrow\)
\(A=B=C=60^0\)
\(\dfrac{cosa+cos5a+cos3a}{sina+sin5a+sin3a}=\dfrac{2cos3a.cos2a+cos3a}{2sin3a.cos2a+sin3a}\)
\(=\dfrac{cos3a\left(2cos2a+1\right)}{sin3a\left(2cos2a+1\right)}=\dfrac{cos3a}{sin3a}=cot3a\)
\(\left(\dfrac{cosa}{sinb}+\dfrac{sina}{cosb}\right)\left(\dfrac{1-cos4b}{cos\left(a-b\right)}\right)=\dfrac{\left(cosa.cosb+sina.sinb\right)}{sinb.cosb}.\dfrac{2sin^22b}{cos\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{cos\left(a-b\right)}{\dfrac{1}{2}sin2b}.\dfrac{2sin^22b}{cos\left(a-b\right)}=4sin2b\)
Lời giải:
Thay dấu "=" thành $\geq $ ta được BĐT Holder. Dấu "=" xác định tại $\sin A=\sin B=\sin C$ hay tam giác $ABC$ đều.
Chứng minh cụ thể như sau:
\(\frac{1}{1+\frac{1}{\sin A}}+\frac{1}{1+\frac{1}{\sin B}}+\frac{1}{1+\frac{1}{\sin C}}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{(1+\frac{1}{\sin A})(1+\frac{1}{\sin B})(1+\frac{1}{\sin C})}}\)
\(\frac{\frac{1}{\sin A}}{1+\frac{1}{\sin A}}+\frac{\frac{1}{\sin B}}{1+\frac{1}{\sin B}}+\frac{\frac{1}{\sin C}}{1+\frac{1}{\sin C}}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\frac{1}{\sin A\sin B\sin C}}{(1+\frac{1}{\sin A})(1+\frac{1}{\sin B})(1+\frac{1}{\sin C})}}\)
Cộng theo vế và rút gọn:
\(\Rightarrow 3\geq 3\frac{1+\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{\sin A\sin B\sin C}}}{\sqrt[3]{(1+\frac{1}{\sin A})(1+\frac{1}{\sin B})(1+\frac{1}{\sin C})}}\)
\(\Rightarrow (1+\frac{1}{\sin A})(1+\frac{1}{\sin B})(1+\frac{1}{\sin C})\geq (1+\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{\sin A\sin B\sin C}})^3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra (như đề bài) khi \(\sin A=\sin B=\sin C\Rightarrow \angle A=\angle B=\angle C=60^0\)
\(sin\left(\frac{\pi}{7}\right)H=sin\left(\frac{\pi}{7}\right)cos\left(\frac{2\pi}{7}\right)+sin\left(\frac{\pi}{7}\right)cos\left(\frac{4\pi}{7}\right)+sin\left(\frac{\pi}{7}\right)cos\left(\frac{6\pi}{7}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[sin\left(\frac{3\pi}{7}\right)-sin\left(\frac{\pi}{7}\right)+sin\left(\frac{5\pi}{7}\right)-sin\left(\frac{3\pi}{7}\right)+sin\pi-sin\left(\frac{5\pi}{7}\right)\right]\)
\(=-\frac{1}{2}sin\left(\frac{\pi}{7}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow H=-\frac{1}{2}\)
\(sinA+sinB+sinC=2sin\left(\frac{A+B}{2}\right)cos\left(\frac{A-B}{2}\right)+2sin\left(\frac{C}{2}\right)cos\left(\frac{C}{2}\right)\)
\(=2cos\frac{C}{2}cos\left(\frac{A-B}{2}\right)+2cos\left(\frac{A+B}{2}\right)cos\frac{C}{2}\)
\(=2cos\frac{C}{2}\left[cos\left(\frac{A-B}{2}\right)+cos\left(\frac{A+B}{2}\right)\right]\)
\(=4cos\frac{C}{2}cos\frac{A}{2}cos\frac{B}{2}\)
\(A=\frac{2sinx.cosx+sinx}{1+2cos^2x-1+cosx}=\frac{sinx\left(2cosx+1\right)}{cosx\left(2cosx+1\right)}=\frac{sinx}{cosx}=tanx\)
\(B=\frac{cosa}{sina}\left(\frac{1+sin^2a}{cosa}-cosa\right)=\frac{cosa}{sina}\left(\frac{1+sin^2a-cos^2a}{cosa}\right)=\frac{cosa}{sina}.\frac{2sin^2a}{cosa}=2sina\)
\(C=\frac{1+cos2x+cosx+cos3x}{2cos^2x-1+cosx}=\frac{1+2cos^2x-1+2cos2x.cosx}{cos2x+cosx}=\frac{2cosx\left(cosx+cos2x\right)}{cos2x+cosx}=2cosx\)
\(D=\frac{2sinx.cosx.\left(-tanx\right)}{-tanx.sinx}-2cosx=2cosx-2cosx=0\)
\(E=cos^2x.cot^2x-cot^2x+cos^2x+2cos^2x+2sin^2x\)
\(E=cot^2x\left(cos^2x-1\right)+cos^2x+2=\frac{cos^2x}{sin^2x}\left(-sin^2x\right)+cos^2x+2=2\)
\(F=\frac{sin^2x\left(1+tan^2x\right)}{cos^2x\left(1+tan^2x\right)}=\frac{sin^2x}{cos^2x}=tan^2x\)
Câu G mẫu số có gì đó sai sai, sao lại là \(2sina-sina?\)
\(H=sin^4\left(\frac{\pi}{2}+a\right)-cos^4\left(\frac{3\pi}{2}-a\right)+1=cos^4a-sin^4a+1\)
\(=\left(cos^2a-sin^2a\right)\left(cos^2a+sin^2a\right)+1=cos^2a-\left(1-cos^2a\right)+1=2cos^2a\)
\(2sinB.sinC=1+cosA\Leftrightarrow cos\left(B-C\right)-cos\left(B+C\right)=1+cosA\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(B-C\right)+cosA=1+cosA\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(B-C\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow B-C=0\Rightarrow B=C\)
\(sinA=\frac{cosA+cosB}{sinB+sinC}=\frac{cosA+cosB}{2sinB}\) (do \(B=C\))
\(\Leftrightarrow2sinA.sinB=cosA+cosB\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(A-B\right)-cos\left(A+B\right)=cosA+cosB\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(A-B\right)+cosC=cosA+cosB\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(A-B\right)+cosB=cosA+cosB\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(A-B\right)=cosB\)
\(\Rightarrow A-B=B\Rightarrow A=2B=B+C\)
Mà \(A+B+C=180^0\Rightarrow2A=180^0\Rightarrow A=90^0\)
\(\Rightarrow\Delta ABC\) vuông cân tại A
