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a) Ta có 1350 = 30.32 . 5 suy ra
log301350 = log30(30. 32. 5) = 1 + 2log303 + log305 = 1 + 2a + b.
b) log2515 = = = = = .
a) \(\left(\dfrac{1}{9}\right)^{\dfrac{1}{2}log^4_3}=\left(3^{-2}\right)^{\dfrac{1}{2}log^4_3}=\left(3^{log^4_3}\right)^{-2.\dfrac{1}{2}}=4^{-1}=\dfrac{1}{4}\);
b) \(10^{3-log5}=\dfrac{10^3}{10^{log5}}=\dfrac{10^3}{5}=200\);
c) \(2log^{log1000}_{27}=2log^3_{3^3}=\dfrac{2}{3}log^3_3=\dfrac{2}{3}\);
d) \(3log_2^{log_4^{16}}+log^2_{\dfrac{1}{2}}=3log^2_2-log^2_2=3-1=2\).
Ta có :
\(a=\log_{14}7=\frac{1}{\log_7\left(2.7\right)}=\frac{1}{1+\log_72}\Rightarrow\log_72=\frac{1}{a}-1=\frac{1-1}{a}\)
\(b=\log_{15}5=\frac{\log_75}{\log_7\left(7.2\right)}=\frac{\log_72}{1+\log_72}\Rightarrow\log_75=b\left(1+\log_72\right)=b\left(1+\frac{1-a}{a}\right)=\frac{b}{a}\)
\(\Rightarrow E=\log_{35}28=\frac{\log_727}{\log_735}=\frac{\log_7\left(7.2^2\right)}{\log_7\left(7.5\right)}=\frac{1+\log_72}{1+\log_75}=\frac{1+2.\frac{1-a}{a}}{1+\frac{b}{a}}=\frac{2-a}{a+b}\)
Chọn 2 làm cơ số, ta có :
\(A=\log_616=\frac{\log_216}{\log_26}=\frac{4}{1=\log_23}\)
Mặt khác :
\(x=\log_{12}27=\frac{\log_227}{\log_212}=\frac{3\log_23}{2+\log_23}\)
Do đó : \(\log_23=\frac{2x}{3-x}\) suy ra \(A=\frac{4\left(3-x\right)}{3+x}\)
b) Ta có :
\(B=\frac{lg30}{lg125}=\frac{lg10+lg3}{3lg\frac{10}{2}}=\frac{1+lg3}{3\left(1-lg2\right)}=\frac{1+a}{3\left(1-b\right)}\)
c) Ta có :
\(C=\log_65+\log_67=\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\log_25}+\frac{1}{\log_35}}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\log_27}+\frac{1}{\log_37}}\)
Ta tính \(\log_25,\log_35,\log_27,\log_37\) theo a, b, c .
Từ : \(a=\log_{27}5=\log_{3^3}5=\frac{1}{3}\log_35\)
Suy ra \(\log_35=3a\) do đó :
\(\log_25=\log_23.\log35=3ac\)
Mặt khác : \(b=\log_87=\log_{2^3}7=\frac{1}{3}\log_27\) nên \(\log_27=3b\)
Do đó : \(\log_37=\frac{\log_27}{\log_23}=\frac{3b}{c}\)
Vậy : \(C=\frac{1}{\frac{1}{3ac}+\frac{1}{3a}}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{3b}+\frac{c}{3b}}=\frac{3\left(ac+b\right)}{1+c}\)
d) Điều kiện : \(a>0;a\ne0;b>0\)
Từ giả thiết \(\log_ab=\sqrt{3}\) suy ra \(b=a^{\sqrt{3}}\). Do đó :
\(\frac{\sqrt{b}}{a}=a^{\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}-1};\frac{\sqrt[3]{b}}{\sqrt{a}}=a^{\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}-\frac{1}{2}}=a^{\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}-1\right)}\)
Từ đó ta tính được :
\(A=\log_{a^{\alpha}}a^{\frac{-\sqrt{3}}{3}\alpha}=\log_{a^{\alpha}}\left(a^{\alpha}\right)^{\frac{-\sqrt{3}}{3}}=\frac{-\sqrt{3}}{3}\) với \(\alpha=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}-1\)
Ta có \(a=\frac{1}{2}\log_711;b=\log_27\)
Mặt khác : \(\log_{\sqrt[3]{7}}\frac{121}{8}=3\log_7\frac{11^2}{2^3}=3\left(2\log_711-3\log_72\right)=6\log_711-\frac{9}{\log_27}=12a-\frac{9}{b}\)
Vậy \(\log_{\sqrt[3]{7}}\frac{121}{8}=12a-\frac{9}{b}\)
\(B=\log_{25}15\) biết \(\log_{25}3=a\)
Ta có : \(a=\log_{15}3=\frac{1}{\log_3\left(3.5\right)}=\frac{1}{1+\log_35}\)
\(\Rightarrow\log_35=\frac{1}{a}-1=\frac{1-a}{a}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\log_{25}15=\frac{\log_315}{\log_325}=\frac{\log_3\left(3.5\right)}{\log_35^2}=\frac{1+\frac{1-a}{a}}{2.\log_35}=\frac{1}{2\left(1-a\right)}\)
Ta có : \(b=lg2=lg\left(\frac{10}{5}\right)=1-lg5\Rightarrow lg5=1-b\)
\(\Rightarrow G=\log_{125b}30=\frac{lg30}{lg125}=\frac{lg\left(3.10\right)}{lg\left(5^3\right)}=\frac{1+lg3}{3lg5}=\frac{1+a}{3\left(1-b\right)}\)
[log(10a-10b) + 1] / (a+b)
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