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a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{3a}{3b}\) ; \(\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{2c}{2d}\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}=\dfrac{3a+2c}{3b+2d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{3a+2c}{3b+2d}\)
Đặt :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
\(VT=\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{bkdk}{bd}=\dfrac{bdk^2}{bd}=k^2\left(1\right)\)
\(VP=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2.k^2+d^2.k^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{k^2\left(b^2+d^2\right)}{b^2+d^2}=k^2\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrowđpcm\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\) =>\(a=bk,c=dk\)
=> \(\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{bk.dk}{bd}=k.k=k^2\left(1\right)\)
\(\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk\right)^2+\left(dk\right)^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2+d^2k^2}{b^2+d^2}\)
=\(\dfrac{k^2.\left(b^2+d^2\right)}{b^2+d^2}=k^2\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1)và(2)=>\(\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}\)
Chúc Bạn Học Tốt
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)=k (1)
=> a=bk ,c=dk
a.Có \(\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}=\dfrac{bk+dk}{b+d}=\dfrac{k\left(b+d\right)}{b+d}=k\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2)=>\(\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}=\dfrac{a}{b}\left(=k\right)\)
b. Có \(\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{bk.dk}{bd}=k^2\)
\(\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk\right)^2+\left(dk\right)^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{k^2\left(b^2+d^2\right)}{b^2+d^2}=k^2\)
=>\(\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}\left(=k^2\right)\)
Bài 1:
$\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=t\Rightarrow a=bt; c=dt$. Khi đó:
\(\frac{2a^2-3ab+5b^2}{2a^2+3ab}=\frac{2(bt)^2-3.bt.b+5b^2}{2(bt)^2+3bt.b}=\frac{b^2(2t^2-3t+5)}{b^2(2t^2+3t)}\)
$=\frac{2t^2-3t+5}{2t^2+3t}(1)$
\(\frac{2c^2-3cd+5d^2}{2c^2+3cd}=\frac{2(dt)^2-3.dt.d+5d^2}{2(dt)^2+3dt.d}=\frac{d^2(2t^2-3t+5)}{d^2(2t^2+3t)}=\frac{2t^2-3t+5}{2t^2+3t}(2)\)
Từ $(1);(2)$ suy ra đpcm.
Bài 2:
Từ $\frac{a}{c}=\frac{c}{b}\Rightarrow c^2=ab$. Khi đó:
$\frac{b^2-c^2}{a^2+c^2}=\frac{b^2-ab}{a^2+ab}=\frac{b(b-a)}{a(a+b)}$ (đpcm)
a; Đặt a/b=c/d=k
=>a=bk; c=dk
\(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{bk\cdot b}{dk\cdot d}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2+b^2}{d^2k^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)
b: \(\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{bk\cdot dk}{bd}=k^2\)
\(\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2+d^2k^2}{b^2+d^2}=k^2\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}\)
c: \(\dfrac{7a^2-3ab}{11a^2-8b^2}=\dfrac{7b^2k^2-3\cdot bk\cdot b}{11b^2k^2-8b^2}=\dfrac{b^2\left(7k^2-3k\right)}{b^2\left(11k^2-8\right)}=\dfrac{7k^2-3k}{11k^2-8}\)
\(\dfrac{7c^2-3cd}{11c^2-8d^2}=\dfrac{7d^2k^2-3kd^2}{11d^2k^2-8d^2}=\dfrac{7k^2-3k}{11k^2-8}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{7a^2-3ab}{11a^2-8b^2}=\dfrac{7c^2-3cd}{11c^2-8d^2}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}\) (1)
Lại có: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}=\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{c^2}{d^2}=\dfrac{2c^2}{2d^2}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{2c^2-ac}{2d^2-bd}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}=\dfrac{2c^2-ac}{2d^2-bd}\).
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\left(1\right)\)
Thay (1) vào từng vế của đề bài:
\(VT=\dfrac{a^2+ac}{c^2-ac}=\dfrac{bk\left(bk+dk\right)}{dk\left(dk-bk\right)}=\dfrac{b\left(b+d\right)}{d\left(d-b\right)}\)
Vế phải đặt thừa số chung sẽ ra VT => đpcm.
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
Xét \(VT=\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk\right)^2}{b^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2}{b^2}=k^2\left(1\right)\)
Xét \(VP=\dfrac{a^2-ac}{b^2-bd}=\dfrac{\left(bk\right)^2-bk\cdot dk}{b^2-bd}=\dfrac{b^2k^2-bdk^2}{b^2-bd}\)
\(=\dfrac{k^2\left(b^2-bd\right)}{b^2-bd}=k^2\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right);\left(2\right)\) ta có ĐPCM
\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{b^2+c^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2+ac}{ac+c^2}\)(vì b2=ac)
\(=\dfrac{a\left(a+c\right)}{c\left(a+c\right)}\)(đặt a,c ra ngoài)
\(=\dfrac{a}{c}\)(rút gọn a+c)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^2+ac}{ac+c^2}=\dfrac{a\left(a+c\right)}{c\left(a+c\right)}=\dfrac{a}{c}\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{a}{c}\)