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Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^3}{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}+\frac{1+b}{8}+\frac{1+c}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3}{64}}=\frac{3a}{4}\)
Tượng tự ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{b^3}{\left(1+c\right)\left(1+a\right)}+\frac{1+c}{8}+\frac{1+a}{8}\ge\frac{3b}{4}\\\frac{c^3}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)}+\frac{1+a}{8}+\frac{1+b}{8}\ge\frac{3c}{4}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT+\frac{3}{4}+\frac{a+b+c}{4}\ge\frac{3\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{a+b+c}{2}-\frac{3}{4}\)(1)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{2}-\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{3}{4}\)( đpcm )
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Xét \(\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}-\frac{b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}=\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}=a-b\)
Tương tự, ta được: \(\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}-\frac{c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}=b-c\); \(\frac{c^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}-\frac{a^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}=c-a\)
Cộng theo vế của 3 đẳng thức trên, ta được: \(\left(\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\right)\)\(-\left(\frac{b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{a^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\)\(=\frac{b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{a^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\)
Ta đi chứng minh BĐT phụ sau: \(a^2-ab+b^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\)(*)
Thật vậy: (*)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{3}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)*đúng*
\(\Rightarrow2LHS=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a^3+b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}=\Sigma_{cyc}\text{ }\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}\)\(\ge\Sigma_{cyc}\text{ }\frac{\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}=\frac{1}{3}\text{}\Sigma_{cyc}\left[\left(a+b\right)\right]=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow LHS\ge\frac{a+b+c}{3}=RHS\)(Q.E.D)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c
P/S: Có thể dùng BĐT phụ ở câu 3a để chứng minhxD:
1) ta chứng minh được \(\Sigma\frac{a^4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}=\Sigma\frac{b^4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\)
\(VT=\frac{1}{2}\Sigma\frac{a^4+b^4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\ge\frac{1}{4}\Sigma\frac{a^2+b^2}{a+b}\ge\frac{1}{8}\Sigma\left(a+b\right)=\frac{a+b+c+d}{4}\)
bài 2 xem có ghi nhầm ko
a) \(\frac{a+b}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2+2ab+b^2}{4}-ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng \(\forall a,b\) )
=>đpcm
Cô si
\(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ca}{b}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}\cdot\frac{ca}{b}}=2c\)
\(\frac{ca}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b}\cdot\frac{ab}{c}}=2a\)
\(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}\cdot\frac{bc}{a}}=2b\)
Cộng lại ta có:
\(2\left(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ca}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}\right)\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\Rightarrowđpcm\)
Vì \(a,b,c>0\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b};\frac{b}{c};\frac{c}{a}>0\)nên áp dụng bđt Cauchy cho 3 số dương ta có
\(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\ge3.\sqrt[3]{\frac{a}{b}.\frac{b}{c}.\frac{c}{a}}=3.\sqrt[3]{1}=3\left(đpcm\right)\)
Vậy với \(a,b,c>0\)thì \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\ge3\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab+bc+ac}{abc}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab+ac+bc\right)\left(a+b+c\right)-9abc\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b+a^2c+abc+abc+ab^2+b^2c+abc+ac^2+bc^2-9abc\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b+a^2c+ab^2+b^2c+ac^2+bc^2-6abc\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2b-2abc+bc^2\right)+\left(a^2c-2abc+b^2c\right)+\left(ab^2-2abc+ac^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b\left(a-b\right)^2+c\left(a-c\right)^2+a\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng \(\forall a;b;c>0\))
Vật bđt đã đc chứng minh
Cho a,b,c>0 thì dễ thôi :v
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{a+b+c}=\frac{9}{a+b+c}\)
Khi a=b=c
Áp dụng BĐT quen thuộc \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+ac+bc\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+ac+bc\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3abc\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge3abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\ge3abc\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Đề bài bị ngược dấu
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si ta có:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b^3}+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a^2}{b^3}.\dfrac{1}{a}.\dfrac{1}{a}}=\dfrac{3}{b}\)
\(\dfrac{c^2}{a^3}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{c^2}{a^3}.\dfrac{1}{c}.\dfrac{1}{c}}=\dfrac{3}{a}\)
\(\dfrac{c^2}{a^3}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{c^2}{a^3}.\dfrac{1}{c}.\dfrac{1}{c}}=\dfrac{3}{a}\)
Cộng theo vế ta được:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b^3}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^3}+\dfrac{a^2}{a^3}+\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\ge3\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b^3}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^3}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^3}\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\)
1) \(\Sigma\frac{a}{b^3+ab}=\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{b}-\frac{b}{a+b^2}\right)\ge\Sigma\frac{1}{a}-\Sigma\frac{1}{2\sqrt{a}}=\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}}+1\right)+\Sigma\frac{3}{2\sqrt{a}}-3\)
\(\ge\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}-1\right)^2+\frac{27}{2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)}-3\ge\frac{27}{2\sqrt{3\left(a+b+c\right)}}-3=\frac{3}{2}\)
BĐT phụ:\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\left(true\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}\) ( đpcm )
Vậy.......