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\(1,2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2MgO\)
\(2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CuO\)
\(S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2Al_2O_3\)
\(C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(2,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(a,n_{O_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=8,8\left(g\right)\)
\(b,n_C=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=13,2\left(g\right)\)
c, Vì\(\frac{0,3}{1}>\frac{0,2}{1}\)nên C phản ửng dư, O2 phản ứng hết, Bài toán tính theo O2
\(n_{O_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=8,8\left(g\right)\)
\(3,PTHH:CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(C_2H_2+\frac{5}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CO_2+H_2O\)
\(C_2H_6O+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CO_2+3H_2O\)
\(4,a,PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(n_P=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=38,4\left(g\right)\)
\(b,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(n_C=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=80\left(g\right)\)
\(c,PTHH:4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2Al_2O_3\)
\(n_{Al}=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=1,875\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=60\left(g\right)\)
\(d,PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(TH_1:\left(đktc\right)n_{H_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,75\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=24\left(g\right)\)
\(TH_2:\left(đkt\right)n_{H_2}=1,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,7\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=22,4\left(g\right)\)
\(5,PTHH:S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=0,46875\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{SO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Vì\(0,46875>0,3\left(n_{O_2}>n_{SO_2}\right)\)nên S phản ứng hết, bài toán tính theo S.
\(a,\Rightarrow n_S=n_{SO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_S=9,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=0,16875\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=5,4\left(g\right)\)
\(6,a,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_C=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_C=18\left(g\right)\)
\(b,PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,75\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{H_2}=1,5\left(g\right)\)
\(c,PTHH:S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_S=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_S=48\left(g\right)\)
\(d,PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_P=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_P=37,2\left(g\right)\)
\(7,n_{O_2}=5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=112\left(l\right)\left(đktc\right)\);\(V_{O_2}=120\left(l\right)\left(đkt\right)\)
\(8,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(m_C=0,96\left(kg\right)\Rightarrow n_C=0,08\left(kmol\right)=80\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=80\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=1792\left(l\right)\)
\(9,n_p=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{O_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
Vì\(\frac{0,2}{4}< \frac{0,3}{5}\)nên P hết O2 dư, bài toán tính theo P.
\(a,n_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=1,6\left(g\right)\)
\(b,n_{P_2O_5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5}=14,2\left(g\right)\)
Bài 1:
PT: \(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
a, Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{3}< \dfrac{0,1}{2}\), ta được O2 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,1-\dfrac{1}{15}=\dfrac{1}{30}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{30}.32\approx1,067\left(g\right)\\V_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{30}.2,24\approx0,746\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{30}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{30}.232\approx7,733\left(g\right)\)
Bài 2:
PT: \(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
a, Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{15}.232\approx15,467\left(g\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{15}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{15}.22,4\approx2,9867\left(l\right)\)
c, PT: \(2N_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2N_2O_5\)
Ta có: \(n_{N_2}=\dfrac{2,8}{28}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}>\dfrac{\dfrac{2}{15}}{5}\), ta được N2 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{N_2O_5}=\dfrac{2}{5}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4}{75}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{N_2O_5}=\dfrac{4}{75}.108=5,76\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
Bài 1 :
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5.6}{56}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2.24}{224}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}Fe_3O_4\)
\(Bđ:0.1......0.1\)
\(Pư:0.1.......\dfrac{1}{15}...\dfrac{1}{30}\)
\(Kt:0........\dfrac{1}{30}....\dfrac{1}{30}\)
\(V_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{30}\cdot22.4=0.747\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{30}\cdot232=7.73\left(g\right)\)
Bài 2 :
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11.2}{56}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}Fe_3O_4\)
\(0.2.......0.3.......\dfrac{1}{15}\)
\(V_{O_2}=0.3\cdot22.4=6.72\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{15}\cdot232=15.47\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{N_2}=\dfrac{2.8}{28}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(2N_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2N_2O_5\)
\(0.12......0.3........0.12\)
\(m_{N_2O_5}=0.12\cdot108=12.96\left(g\right)\)
a) 3Fe + 2O2 --to--> Fe3O4
Sô nguyên tử Fe: số phân tử O2 : số phân tử Fe3O4 = 3:2:1
b) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{25,2}{56}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
3Fe + 2O2 --to--> Fe3O4
0,45->0,3--------->0,15
=> mFe3O4 = 0,15.232 = 34,8 (g)
=> VO2 = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72(l)
\(PTHH:2Zn+O_2->2ZnO\)
BĐ 0,4 0,3 (mol)
PU 0,4---->0,2--->0,4 (mol)
CL 0------->0,1---->0,4 (mol)
a)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{26}{65}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2\left(dktc\right)}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\dfrac{n_{Zn}}{2}< \dfrac{n_{O_2}}{1}\left(\dfrac{0,4}{2}< \dfrac{0,3}{1}\right)\)
=> Zn hết, O2 dư ( tính theo Zn)
b)
\(m_{ZnO}=n\cdot M=0,4\cdot\left(65+16\right)=32,4\left(g\right)\)
Ta có:
nP= \(\frac{m_P}{M_P}=\frac{12,4}{31}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:4 P + 5O2 -> 2P2O5
a) Theo PTHH và đề bài, ta có:
\(n=\frac{5.n_P}{4}=\frac{5.0,4}{4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=n_{O_2}.22,4=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
b) Ta có:
\(n_{P_2O_5}=\frac{2.n_P}{4}=\frac{2.0,4}{4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{P_2O_5}=n_{P_2O_5}.M_{P_2O_5}=0,2.142=28,4\left(g\right)\)
a) PTHH: 4P + 5O2 =(nhiệt)=> 2P2O5
nP = 12,4 / 31 = 0,4 mol
=> nO2 = 0,5 (mol)
=> VO2(đktc) = 0,5 x 22,4 = 11,2 lít
b) nP2O5 = \(\frac{1}{2}n_P=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> VP2O5(đktc) = 0,2 x 22,4 = 4,48 lít
a.\(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{V_{CH_4}}{22,4}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,3 0,6 ( mol )
\(V_{O_2}=n_{O_2}.22,4=0,6.22,4=13,44l\)
b.
\(n_P=\dfrac{m_P}{M_P}=\dfrac{3,1}{31}=0,1mol\)
\(4P+5O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2P_2O_5\)
0,1 0,05 ( mol )
\(m_{P_2O_5}=n_{P_2O_5}.M_{P_2O_5}=0,05.142=7,1g\)
a)
Số mol photpho : 0,4 (mol).
Số mol oxi : 0,53 (mol).
Phương trình phản ứng :
4P + 5O2 -> 2P2O5
0,4 0,5 0,2 (mol)
Vậy số mol oxi còn thừa lại là :
0,53 – 0,5 = 0,03 (mol).
b) Chất được tạo thành là P2O5 . Theo phương trình phản ứng, ta có :
0,2 (mol).
Khối lượng điphotpho pentaoxit tạo thành là : m = 0,2.(31.2 + 16.5) = 28,4 gam.
a) PTHH: 4P + 5O2 -to-> 2P2O5
Ta có: \(n_P=\dfrac{12,4}{31}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{17}{32}\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH và đề bài, ta có:
\(\dfrac{0,4}{4}< \dfrac{\dfrac{17}{32}}{5}\)
=> P hết, O2 dư nên tính theo nP.
=> \(n_{O_2\left(phảnứng\right)}=\dfrac{5.0,4}{4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ =>n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{17}{32}-0,5=\dfrac{1}{32}\left(mol\right)\)
b) Chất tạo thành sau phản ứng là P2O5 (điphotpho pentaoxit).
Theo PTHH và đề bài, ta có:
\(n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{2.0,4}{4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Khối lượng P2O5 tạo thành sau phản ứng:
\(m_{P_2O_5}=0,2.142=28,4\left(g\right)\)
Câu 1:
Natri oxit: Na2O
Kẽm oxit:ZnO
Bari oxit:BaO
Đinitơ trioxit:N2O3
Sắt (III) oxit:Fe2O3
Nhôm oxit:Al2O3
Mangan đioxit:MnO2
Vôi sống (canxi oxit):CaO
Câu 2 :
a, \(S+O_2\underrightarrow{^{to}}SO_2\)
0,15_0,15_____0,15__(Mol)
\(n_S=\frac{4,8}{32}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{O2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
b,Cách 1 :
\(m_{SO2}=0,15.64=9,6\left(g\right)\)
Cách 2:
Áp dụng ĐL BT Khối lượng:
\(m_S+m_{O2}=m_{SO2}=4,8+0,15.32=m_{SO2}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{SO2}=9,6\left(g\right)\)
Câu 3:
\(n_P=\frac{12,4}{31}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O2}=\frac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{^{to}}2P_2O_5\)
_________0,4_____0,5___0,2
Sau phản ứng , photpho hết , oxi dư
\(n_{O2_{pư}}=\frac{0,4.5}{4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O2\left(dư\right)}=0,6-0,5=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{P2O5}=\frac{0,4.2}{4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{P2O5}=0,2.142=28,4\left(g\right)\)