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\(\frac{a}{na+bm}+\frac{b}{mb+na}=\frac{a+b}{mb+na}\).
Giả sử \(\frac{a}{na+bm}+\frac{b}{mb+na}\ge\frac{2}{m+n}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{mb+na}\ge\frac{2}{m+n}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(m+n\right)\ge2\left(mb+na\right)\) ( các số m, n, a, b đều dương).
\(\Leftrightarrow am+an+bm+bn\ge2mb+2na\)
\(\Leftrightarrow am+bn\ge mb+na\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(m-n\right)\ge b\left(m-n\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(m-n\right)\ge0\).
Đề bài thiếu giả thiết \(a\ge b\).
Sửa VP = \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
Vì a, b, c là độ dài ba cạnh của một tam giác
=> a, b, c > 0
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)( cái này bạn tự chứng minh nhé ) ta có :
\(\frac{1}{a+b-c}+\frac{1}{a+c-b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b-c+a+c-b}=\frac{4}{2a}=\frac{2}{a}\)
TT : \(\frac{1}{a+c-b}+\frac{1}{b+c-a}\ge\frac{4}{a+c-b+b+c-a}=\frac{4}{2c}=\frac{2}{c}\)
\(\frac{1}{a+b-c}+\frac{1}{b+c-a}\ge\frac{4}{a+b-c+b+c-a}=\frac{4}{2b}=\frac{2}{b}\)
Cộng theo vế ta có :
\(\frac{1}{a+b-c}+\frac{1}{a+c-b}+\frac{1}{a+c-b}+\frac{1}{b+c-a}+\frac{1}{a+b-c}+\frac{1}{b+c-a}\ge\frac{2}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{2}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\frac{1}{a+b-c}+\frac{1}{a+c-b}+\frac{1}{b+c-a}\right)\ge2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a+b-c}+\frac{1}{a+c-b}+\frac{1}{b+c-a}\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)( đpcm )
Đẳng thức xảy ra ⇔ a = b = c
Cho a,b,c>0.Chung minh rang \(\frac{a^2}{b+2c}+\frac{b^2}{c+2a}+\frac{c^2}{a+2b}\ge\frac{a+b+c}{3}\)
Ta có:
\(\left(\frac{a^2}{b+2c}+\frac{b^2}{c+2a}+\frac{c^2}{a+2b}\right)\left[\left(b+2c\right)+\left(c+2a\right)+\left(a+2b\right)\right]\)
\(\ge\left[\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{b+2c}.\left(b+2\right)}+\sqrt{\frac{b^2}{c+2a}.\left(c+2a\right)}+\sqrt{\frac{c^2}{a+2b}.\left(a+2b\right)}\right]^2\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a^2}{b+2c}+\frac{b^2}{c+2a}+\frac{c^2}{a+2b}\right)\left[3\left(a+b+c\right)\right]\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{b+2c}+\frac{b^2}{c+2a}+\frac{c^2}{a+2b}\ge\frac{a+b+c}{3}\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}-\frac{1}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}=\frac{-\left(a+b\right)}{c\left(a+b+c\right)}\Leftrightarrow c\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)=-ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ac+bc+c^2\right)\left(a+b\right)+ab\left(a+b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(ac+bc+c^2+ab\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=0\)
=> a=-b hoặc b=-c hoặc c=-a
không mất tính tổng quát ,giả sử a=-b, ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a^{2019}}+\frac{1}{b^{2019}}+\frac{1}{c^{2019}}=\frac{1}{-b^{2019}}+\frac{1}{b^{2019}}+\frac{1}{c^{2019}}=\frac{1}{c^{2019}}\left(1\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{a^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}}=\frac{1}{-b^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}}=\frac{1}{c^{2019}}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) => đpcm
Tương tự với 2 trường hợp còn lại ta cũng có đpcm
Tam giác ABC có ba cạnh a,b,c và có chu vi bằng 1
=> \(a+b+c=1\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}b+c=1-a\\a+c=1-b\\a+b=1-c\end{cases}}\)
Do đó ta viết lại đề bài thành \(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Ta sẽ chứng minh \(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Thật vậy, ta có :
\(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}\)
\(=\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+1\right)+\left(\frac{b}{a+c}+1\right)+\left(\frac{c}{a+b}+1\right)-3\)
\(=\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{a+c}{a+c}\right)+\left(\frac{c}{a+b}+\frac{a+b}{a+b}\right)-3\)
\(=\frac{a+b+c}{b+c}+\frac{a+b+c}{a+c}+\frac{a+b+c}{a+b}-3\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)-3\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(a+c\right)\right]\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)-3\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{2}\cdot3\sqrt[3]{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}\cdot\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}}-3\)( bất đẳng thức Cauchy )
\(=\frac{1}{2}\cdot9-3=\frac{3}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> a = b = c
=> Tam giác ABC đều ( đpcm )
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}b+c=x\\a+c=y\\a+b=z\end{cases}}\)Với (x,y,z>0) và \(a=\frac{y+z-x}{2};b=\frac{x+z-y}{2};c=\frac{x+y-z}{2}\)
Ta có \(\frac{a}{1-a}+\frac{b}{1-b}+\frac{c}{1-c}=\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}=\frac{y+z-x}{2x}+\frac{x+z-y}{2y}+\frac{x+y-z}{2z}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{y}{x}+\frac{x}{y}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{z}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{z}{y}+\frac{y}{z}\right)-\frac{3}{2}\ge3-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=y=z\)
Với x = y = z thì \(a=b=c\)
=> \(\Delta ABC\) đều
Ta có:\(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=4\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ca}=4\)
\(\Rightarrow2+\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ca}=4\Rightarrow\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ac}=2\Rightarrow\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{abc}+\frac{b}{abc}+\frac{c}{abc}=1\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{abc}=1\Rightarrow a+b+c=abc\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
Ta có: \(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ac}\)
\(=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2.\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2^2=2+2.\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2=.2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{abc}+\frac{a}{abc}+\frac{b}{abc}=\frac{abc}{abc}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c=abc\)
\(\RightarrowĐPCM\)
Ta có : \(\frac{b+c}{a}+\frac{c+a}{b}+\frac{a+b}{c}\)
\(=\left(\frac{b+c}{a}+1\right)+\left(\frac{c+a}{b}+1\right)+\left(\frac{a+b}{c}+1\right)-3\)
\(=\frac{a+b+c}{a}+\frac{a+b+c}{b}+\frac{a+b+c}{c}-3\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)-3\)
\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\cdot\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}-3=9-3=6\)( bất đẳng thức Cauchy )
=> đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c