Bài 8:

a: \(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{6}\)

=>\(\dfrac{x}{20}=\dfrac{y}{24}\)

\(\dfrac{y}{8}=\dfrac{z}{7}\)

=>\(\dfrac{y}{24}=\dfrac{z}{21}\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{x}{20}=\dfrac{y}{24}=\dfrac{z}{21}=k\)

=>x=20k;y=24k;z=21k

x+y-z=69

=>20k+24k-21k=69

=>23k=69

=>k=3

=>\(x=20\cdot3=60;y=24\cdot3=72;z=21\cdot3=63\)

b: Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{5}=k\)

=>x=3k;y=4k;z=5k

\(2x^2+2y^2-3z^2=-100\)

=>\(2\cdot\left(3k\right)^2+2\cdot\left(4k\right)^2-3\cdot\left(5k\right)^2=-100\)

=>\(k^2=4\)

=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}k=2\\k=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

TH1: k=2

=>\(x=3\cdot2=6;y=4\cdot2=8;z=5\cdot2=10\)

TH2: k=-2

=>\(x=3\cdot\left(-2\right)=-6;y=4\cdot\left(-2\right)=-8;z=5\cdot\left(-2\right)=-10\)

Bài 10:

Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}c=dk\\b=ck=dk\cdot k=dk^2\\a=bk=dk^2\cdot k=dk^3\end{matrix}\right.\)

a:

\(\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{dk^3+dk^2+dk}{dk^2+dk+d}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{dk\left(k^2+k+1\right)}{d\left(k^2+k+1\right)}\right)^3=k^3\)

\(\dfrac{a}{d}=\dfrac{dk^3}{d}=k^3\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{a}{d}=\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3\)

b: Sửa đề: Chứng minh \(\dfrac{a^3+c^3+b^3}{c^3+b^3+d^3}=\dfrac{a}{d}\)

 \(\dfrac{a^3+c^3+b^3}{c^3+b^3+d^3}=\dfrac{\left(dk^3\right)^3+\left(dk\right)^3+\left(dk^2\right)^3}{\left(dk\right)^3+\left(dk^2\right)^3+d^3}\)

\(=\dfrac{d^3k^9+d^3k^3+d^3k^6}{d^3k^3+d^3k^6+d^3}=\dfrac{d^3\cdot k^3\left(k^6+1+k^3\right)}{d^3\cdot\left(k^3+k^6+1\right)}=k^3\)

\(=\dfrac{dk^3}{d}=\dfrac{a}{d}\)

Bài 10:

Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}c=dk\\b=ck=dk\cdot k=dk^2\\a=bk=dk^2\cdot k=dk^3\end{matrix}\right.\)

a:

\(\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{dk^3+dk^2+dk}{dk^2+dk+d}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{dk\left(k^2+k+1\right)}{d\left(k^2+k+1\right)}\right)^3=k^3\)

\(\dfrac{a}{d}=\dfrac{dk^3}{d}=k^3\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{a}{d}=\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3\)

b: Sửa đề: Chứng minh \(\dfrac{a^3+c^3+b^3}{c^3+b^3+d^3}=\dfrac{a}{d}\)

 \(\dfrac{a^3+c^3+b^3}{c^3+b^3+d^3}=\dfrac{\left(dk^3\right)^3+\left(dk\right)^3+\left(dk^2\right)^3}{\left(dk\right)^3+\left(dk^2\right)^3+d^3}\)

\(=\dfrac{d^3k^9+d^3k^3+d^3k^6}{d^3k^3+d^3k^6+d^3}=\dfrac{d^3\cdot k^3\left(k^6+1+k^3\right)}{d^3\cdot\left(k^3+k^6+1\right)}=k^3\)

\(=\dfrac{dk^3}{d}=\dfrac{a}{d}\)

Bài 14:

x+y+z=0

=>x+y=-z; x+z=-y; y+z=-x

\(A=\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)=\left(-z\right)\cdot\left(-x\right)\cdot\left(-y\right)\)

=-xyz

=-2

\(\dfrac{1}{3}.\)\(\dfrac{3}{5}.\)\(\dfrac{5}{12}+\dfrac{2}{6}.\)\(\dfrac{6}{10}.\)\(\dfrac{10}{24}+\dfrac{3}{9}.\)\(\dfrac{9}{15}.\)\(\dfrac{15}{36}\)

\(=\)\(\dfrac{1}{3}.\)\(\dfrac{3}{5}.\)\(\dfrac{5}{12}+\dfrac{1}{3}.\)\(\dfrac{3}{5}.\)\(\dfrac{5}{12}+\dfrac{1}{3}.\)\(\dfrac{3}{5}.\)\(\dfrac{5}{12}\)

\(=\)(\(\dfrac{1}{3}.\)\(\dfrac{3}{5}.\)\(\dfrac{5}{12}\))\(.3\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{12}.3\)

\(=\dfrac{3}{36}\)

\(\)

y × 6/11 + y × 5/11 =2025

y × (6/11+5/11)      =2025

y ×1                           =2025

y                                 =2025

y × 6/11 + y × 5/11 =2025

y × (6/11+5/11)      =2025

y ×1                           =2025

y                                 =2025

\(A=3x\left(x-y\right)-y\left(y-3x\right)\\ =3x^2-3xy-y^2+3xy\\ =3x^2-y^2\\ B=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)-\left(x^4y-xy^4\right):xy\\ =\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)-\left(x^3-y^3\right)\\ =x^3+xy^2-x^2y-y^3-x^3+y^3\\ =xy^2-x^2y\)

 Tổng 2 số đó là: 

     404 x 2 = 808

 Nếu viết thêm chữ số 7 vào bên trái số thứ nhất \(\rightarrow\) số đó tăng thêm 700 đơn vị \(\rightarrow\) số thứ nhất bé hơn số thứ hai 700 đơn vị

 Số thứ nhất là: ( 808 - 700 ) : 2 = 54

 Số thứ hai là: 700 + 54 = 754

         Đáp số: Số thứ nhất: 54

                     Số thứ hai: 754

\(\left(158\cdot129-158\cdot139\right):180\\ =\left[158\cdot\left(129-139\right)\right]:180\\ =\left[158\cdot\left(-10\right)\right]:180\\ =\left(-1580\right):180\\ =-\dfrac{79}{9}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{3}\times\dfrac{3}{5}\times\dfrac{5}{12}+\dfrac{2}{6}\times\dfrac{6}{10}\times\dfrac{10}{24}+\dfrac{3}{9}\times\dfrac{9}{15}\\ =\dfrac{1}{12}+\dfrac{2}{24}+\dfrac{3}{15}\\ =\dfrac{1}{12}+\dfrac{1}{12}+\dfrac{1}{5}\\=\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{5}\\ =\dfrac{5}{30}+\dfrac{6}{30}\\ =\dfrac{11}{30} \)

\(\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\times\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\times\left(1+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\times...\times\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2020}\right)\\ =\dfrac{3}{2}\times\dfrac{4}{3}\times\dfrac{5}{4}\times...\times\dfrac{2021}{2020}\\ =\dfrac{2021}{2}\)