Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

The house which was built more than ten years ago is now in bad condition, so it needs _____ for the wedding taking place next month

A. be decorated 

B. decorating 

C. decorate 

D. to decorate

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is best made up from the prompts.

Darwin/ who/ be/ famous/ English/ scientist/ develop/theory/ evolution/ .

A. Darwin who is a famous English scientist developed a theory of evolution.

B. Darwin who was the famous English scientist develops the theory for evolution.

C. Darwin, who is a famous English scientist, has developed a theory on evolution.

D. Darwin, who was a famous English scientist, developed the theory of evolution.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

_____Paul realize that he was on the wrong flight.

A. No sooner had the plane taken off than 

B. Only after the plane had taken off

C. It was not until the plane had taken off that 

D. Not until the plane had taken off did

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheer to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Many political radicals advocated that women should not be discriminated on the basic of their sex. 

A. openly criticized 

B. rightly claimed 

C. publicly said 

D. protested 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheer to indicate the correct answer to each of the numbered blanks from 37 to 44.

All mammals feed their young. Beluga whale mothers, for example, nurse their calves for some twenty months, until they are about to give birth again and their young are able to find their own food. The behavior of feeding of the young is built into the reproductive system. It is a nonselective part of parental care and the defining feature of a mammal, the most important thing that mammals – whether marsupials, platypuses, spiny anteaters, or placental mammals – have in common.

But not all animal parents, even those that tend their offspring to the point of hatching or birth, feed their young. Most egg–guarding fish do not for the simple reason that their young are so much smaller than the parents and eat food that is also much smaller than the food caten by adults. In reptiles, the crocodile mother protects her young after they have hatched and takes them down to the water, where they will find food, but she does not actually feed them. Few insects feed their young after hatching, but some make other arrangement provisioning their cells and nests with caterpillars and spiders that they have paralyzed with their venom and stored in a state of suspended animation so that their larvae might have a supply of fresh food when they hatch.

For animals other than mammals, then, feeding is not intrinsic to parental care. Animals add it to their reproductive strategies to give them an edge in their lifelong quest for descendants. The most vulnerable moment in any animal's life is when it first finds itself completely on its own, when it must forage and fend for itself. Feeding postpones that moment until a young animal has grown to such a size that it is better able to cope.

Young that are fed by their parents become nutritionally independent at a much greater fraction of their full adult size. And in the meantime those young are shielded against the vagaries of fluctuating of difficult–to–find supplies. Once a species does take the step of feeding its young, the young become totally dependent on the extra effort. If both parents are removed, the young generally do not survive.

The word “edge” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to _______ . 

A. opportunity 

B. advantage 

C. purpose 

D. rest 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.

He felt very tired. However, he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain. 

A. Tired as he might feel, he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain

B. As the result of his tiredness, he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain

C. Feeling very tired, he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain

D. He felt so tired that he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheer to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Any student who neglects his or her homework is unlikely to do well at school. 

A. puts off 

B. looks for 

C. attends to 

D. approves of

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheer to indicate the correct answer to each of the numbered blanks from 37 to 44.

All mammals feed their young. Beluga whale mothers, for example, nurse their calves for some twenty months, until they are about to give birth again and their young are able to find their own food. The behavior of feeding of the young is built into the reproductive system. It is a nonselective part of parental care and the defining feature of a mammal, the most important thing that mammals – whether marsupials, platypuses, spiny anteaters, or placental mammals – have in common.

But not all animal parents, even those that tend their offspring to the point of hatching or birth, feed their young. Most egg–guarding fish do not for the simple reason that their young are so much smaller than the parents and eat food that is also much smaller than the food caten by adults. In reptiles, the crocodile mother protects her young after they have hatched and takes them down to the water, where they will find food, but she does not actually feed them. Few insects feed their young after hatching, but some make other arrangement provisioning their cells and nests with caterpillars and spiders that they have paralyzed with their venom and stored in a state of suspended animation so that their larvae might have a supply of fresh food when they hatch.

For animals other than mammals, then, feeding is not intrinsic to parental care. Animals add it to their reproductive strategies to give them an edge in their lifelong quest for descendants. The most vulnerable moment in any animal's life is when it first finds itself completely on its own, when it must forage and fend for itself. Feeding postpones that moment until a young animal has grown to such a size that it is better able to cope.

Young that are fed by their parents become nutritionally independent at a much greater fraction of their full adult size. And in the meantime those young are shielded against the vagaries of fluctuating of difficult–to–find supplies. Once a species does take the step of feeding its young, the young become totally dependent on the extra effort. If both parents are removed, the young generally do not survive.

The author lists various animals in the first paragraph to ________ . 

A. contrast the feeding habits of different types of mammals 

B. describe the process by which mammals came to be defined 

C. emphasize the point that every type of mammal feeds its own 

D. explain why a particular feature of mammals is nonselective