Grammar (Reported speech) SVIP

Bên cạnh các động từ tường thuật thường gặp như “said”, “told”, “asked”, … ta có thể sử dụng các cấu trúc đặc biệt để tường thuật câu mệnh lệnh, yêu cầu, lời khuyên, … Dưới đây là một số cấu trúc quan trọng. 

1. Câu tường thuật với động từ theo sau là động từ nguyên thể

- tell / ask / order + O + (not) to V: bảo / yêu cầu ai (không) làm gì 

Example: "Close the door," she said. ➝  She told me to close the door. 

- advise + O + (not) to V: khuyên ai (không) làm gì 

Example: "You should eat more vegetables," she said. ➝ She advised me to eat more vegetables.

- invite + O + to V: mời ai làm gì 

Example: "Would you like to come to my party?" she said. ➝ She invited me to come to her party.

- remind + O + to V: nhắc nhở ai làm gì 

Example: "Don't forget to submit your homework," the teacher said. ➝ The teacher reminded us to submit our homework. 

- encourage + O + to V: khuyến khích ai làm gì 

Example: "Keep practicing English every day!" he said. ➝ He encouraged me to keep practicing English every day.

- instruct + O + to V: hướng dẫn ai làm gì 

Example: "Press this button to start the machine," he said. ➝ He instructed me to press that button to start the machine. 

- persuade + O + to V: thuyết phục ai làm gì 

Example: "You should apply for this job," she said. ➝ She persuaded me to apply for that job. 

- warn + O + not to V: cảnh báo ai không nên làm gì 

Example: "Don't touch the electric wires," he said. ➝ He warned me not to touch the electric wires. 

- promise + to V: hứa làm gì 

Example: "I will call you later," he said. ➝ He promised to call me later.

- offer + to V: đề nghị làm gì 

Example: "Shall I carry your bag for you?" he said. ➝ He offered to carry my bag. 

- threaten + to V: đe doạ làm gì 

Example: "I will tell the teacher if you cheat," she said. ➝ She threatened to tell the teacher if I cheated. 

- agree + to V: đồng ý làm gì 

Example: "Yes, I will help you with your project," he said. ➝ He agreed to help me with my project.

2. Câu tường thuật với động từ theo sau là danh động từ

- admit + V-ing: thừa nhận đã làm gì

Example: "I stole the money," he said. ➝ He admitted stealing the money.

- deny + V-ing: phủ nhận đã làm gì

Example: "I didn't break the window," she said. ➝ She denied breaking the window.

- suggest + V-ing: gợi ý làm gì

Example: Let's go for a walk," he said. ➝ He suggested going for a walk. 

- insist on + V-ing: khăng khăng làm gì

Example: "I must finish the work today," she said. ➝ She insisted on finishing the work that day. 

- thank + O + for + V-ing: cảm ơn ai vì đã làm gì

Example: "Thank you for helping me," he said. ➝ He thanked me for helping him. 

- apologize (to O) + for + V-ing: xin lỗi ai vì đã làm gì

Example: "I'm sorry for being late," she said. ➝ She apologized for being late. 

- blame + O + for + V-ing: đổ lỗi cho ai vì làm gì

Example: "You caused the accident," he said to me. ➝ He blamed me for causing the accident. 

- congratulate + O + on + V-ing: chúc mừng ai vì đã làm gì

Example: "Congratulations! You won the competition," she said. ➝ She congratulated me on winning the competition. 

- accuse + O + of + V-ing: buộc tội ai vì đã làm gì

Example: "You stole my phone," she said to him. ➝ She accused him of stealing her phone. 

- warn + O + against + V-ing: cảnh báo ai không nên làm gì

Example: "Don't swim in the river," she said. ➝ She warned us against swimming in the river.