đk: \(x,y\ge0\)

Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}=a\\\sqrt{xy}=b\end{cases}}\) với \(a,b\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow x+y=\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)^2-2\sqrt{xy}=a^2-2b\)

Khi đó \(HPT\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+4b=16\\a^2-2b=10\end{cases}}\)

Đến đây thì dễ dàng rồi: \(HPT\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}b=\frac{16-a}{4}\\a^2-2b=10\end{cases}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-\frac{16-a}{2}=10\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+a-36=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2a^2-8a\right)+\left(9a-36\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-4\right)\left(2a+9\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a=4\\a=-\frac{9}{2}\left(ktm\right)\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=4\\b=\frac{16-4}{4}=3\end{cases}}\)

Gọi \(\sqrt{x},\sqrt{y}\) là 2 nghiệm của PT \(t^2-4t+3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(t-1\right)\left(t-3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}t=1\\t=3\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x};\sqrt{y}\right)\in\left\{\left(1;3\right);\left(3;1\right)\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(1;9\right);\left(9;1\right)\right\}\)

Từ \(x+y=1\)\(\Rightarrow\)

\(P=\frac{x}{\sqrt{y}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{x}}=\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{y}}+\sqrt{y}\right)+\left(\frac{y}{\sqrt{x}}+\sqrt{x}\right)-\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\)

\(\ge2\sqrt{x}+2\sqrt{y}-\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\)(1)

Có thể viết lại \(P=\frac{x}{\sqrt{1-x}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1-y}}=\frac{1-y}{\sqrt{y}}+\frac{1-x}{\sqrt{x}}=\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right)-\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\)(2)

Từ (1) và (2) suy ra:

\(2S\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt[4]{xy}}\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{\frac{x+y}{2}}}=2\sqrt{2}\)\(\Rightarrow S\ge\sqrt{2}\)

Dễ thấy dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)

Với \(\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+1\right)=4\); mà \(4=2.2\)

Có ngay ĐK : \(\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\)và \(\left(\sqrt{y}+1\right)\)bằng 2.

\(x=1,y=1\)với TH \(\sqrt{1}=1\)

\(S=\frac{x^4}{y}+\frac{y^4}{x}\). Như phía trên :

\(x=1,y=1\)\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{1^4}{1}+\frac{1^4}{1}\Rightarrow S=1+1=2\)

Chả ai giải theo cách trẻ trâu như bạn đâu (: 

\(hcmuop\underrightarrow{jjjjjjjjj}me\)

2. \(BĐT\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{1+\frac{2}{a}}+\frac{1}{1+\frac{2}{b}}+\frac{1}{1+\frac{2}{c}}\ge1\)

Đặt\(\frac{2}{a}=x;\frac{2}{b}=y;\frac{2}{c}=z\)thì \(\hept{\begin{cases}x,y,z>0\\xyz=8\end{cases}}\)

Ta cần chứng minh \(\frac{1}{1+x}+\frac{1}{1+y}+\frac{1}{1+z}\ge1\Leftrightarrow\left(yz+y+z+1\right)+\left(zx+z+x+1\right)+\left(xy+x+y+1\right)\ge xyz+\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+\left(x+y+z\right)+1\)\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\ge6\)(Đúng vì \(x+y+z\ge3\sqrt[3]{xyz}=6\))

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = 2 hay a = b = c = 1

3. Ta có: \(a+b+c\le\sqrt{3}\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le3\)

Ta có đánh giá quen thuộc \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

Từ đó suy ra \(ab+bc+ca\le1\)

\(A=\frac{\sqrt{a^2+1}}{b+c}+\frac{\sqrt{b^2+1}}{c+a}+\frac{\sqrt{c^2+1}}{a+b}\ge\frac{\sqrt{a^2+ab+bc+ca}}{b+c}+\frac{\sqrt{b^2+ab+bc+ca}}{c+a}+\frac{\sqrt{c^2+ab+bc+ca}}{a+b}\)\(=\frac{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}{b+c}+\frac{\sqrt{\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}}{c+a}+\frac{\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}{a+b}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}=3\)Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)

Ta đi chứng minh công thức tổng quát: \(f\left(n\right)=\frac{2n+1+\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}}{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}}=\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n+1}-n\sqrt{n}\)

Thật vậy: \(\left[\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n+1}-n\sqrt{n}\right]\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)=\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}-n^2+\left(n+1\right)^2-n\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}=2n+1+\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}\)Áp dụng, ta được: \(f\left(1\right)+f\left(2\right)+...+f\left(2020\right)=\left(2\sqrt{2}-1\sqrt{1}\right)+\left(3\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{2}\right)+\left(4\sqrt{4}-3\sqrt{3}\right)+...+\left(2021\sqrt{2021}-2020\sqrt{2020}\right)=2021\sqrt{2021}-1\)